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Rogier E, Nace D, Dimbu PR, Wakeman B, Beeson JG, Drakeley C, Tetteh K, Plucinski M. Antibody dynamics in children with first or repeat Plasmodium falciparum infections. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:869028. [PMID: 35928289 PMCID: PMC9343764 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.869028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) production during and after infection with Plasmodium parasites is one of the greatest adaptive immune defenses the human host has against this parasite. Infection with P. falciparum has been shown to induce different B cell maturation responses dependent upon the age of the patient, number of previous exposures, and severity of the disease. Described here are dynamics of Ig responses to a panel of 32 P. falciparum antigens by patients followed for 42 days and classified individuals as showing characteristics of an apparent first P. falciparum infection (naïve) or a repeat exposure (non-naïve). Six parameters were modeled to characterize the dynamics of IgM, IgG1, IgG3, and IgA for these two exposure groups with differences assessed among Ig isotypes/subclasses and unique antigens. Naïve patients had significantly longer periods of time to reach peak Ig titer (range 4–7 days longer) and lower maximum Ig titers when compared with non-naïve patients. Modeled time to seronegativity was significantly higher in non-naïve patients for IgM and IgA, but not for the two IgG subclasses. IgG1 responses to Rh2030, HSP40, and PfAMA1 were at the highest levels for non-naïve participants and may be used to predict previous or nascent exposure by themselves. The analyses presented here demonstrate the differences in the development of the Ig response to P. falciparum if the infection represents a boosting response or a primary exposure. Consistency in Ig isotype/subclasses estimates and specific data for P. falciparum antigens can better guide interpretation of seroepidemiological data among symptomatic persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rogier
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Eric Rogier,
| | - Doug Nace
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Brian Wakeman
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James G. Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Tetteh
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mateusz Plucinski
- Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
- U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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ROUHANI M, VALIZADEH V, MOLASALEHI S, NOROUZIAN D. Production and Expression Optimization of Heterologous Serratiopeptidase. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:931-939. [PMID: 32953681 PMCID: PMC7475616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serratiopeptidase is a bacterial metalloprotease, which is useful for the treatment of pain and inflammation. It breaks down fibrin, thins the fluids formed during inflammation and acts as an anti-biofilm agent. Because of medicinally important role of the enzyme, we aimed to study the cloning and the expression optimization of serratiopeptidase. METHODS The heat-stable serratiopeptidase (5d7w) was selected as the template. Cloning into pET28a expression vector was performed and confirmed by colony PCR and double restriction enzyme digestion. The recombinant protein was expressed in Esherichia coli BL21 and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Different parameters such as expression vector, culture media, post-induction incubation temperature, inducer concentration, and post-induction incubation time were altered to obtain the highest amount of the recombinant protein. RESULTS Serratiopeptidase was successfully cloned and expressed under optimized conditions in E. coli which confirmed by western blot analysis. The optimal conditions of expression were determined using pQE30 as vector, cultivating the host bacteria in Terrific Broth (TB) medium, at 37° C, induction by IPTG concentration equal to 0.5 mM, and cells were harvested 4 h after induction. CONCLUSION As serratiopeptidase is a multi-potent enzyme, the expressed recombinant protein can be considered as a valuable agent for pharmaceutical applications in further studies.
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Kochayoo P, Changrob S, Wangriatisak K, Lee SK, Chootong P, Han ET. The persistence of naturally acquired antibodies and memory B cells specific to rhoptry proteins of Plasmodium vivax in patients from areas of low malaria transmission. Malar J 2019; 18:382. [PMID: 31783870 PMCID: PMC6884809 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rhoptries are the large, paired, secretory organelles located at the apical tip of the malaria merozoite that are considered important for parasite invasion processes. Plasmodium vivax rhoptry proteins have been shown to induce humoral immunity during natural infections. Therefore, these proteins may be potential novel vaccine candidates. However, there is a lack of data on the duration of antibody and memory B cell (MBC) responses. Here, the longitudinal analysis of antibody and MBC responses to the P. vivax rhoptry proteins PvRALP1-Ecto and PvRhopH2 were monitored and analysed in individuals to determine their persistence. Methods Thirty-nine samples from P. vivax-infected subjects (age 18–60 years) were recruited to explore the frequency and persistence of antibody and MBC responses against rhoptry proteins (PvRALP1-Ecto and PvRhopH2) using both cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study designs. Antibody levels were determined by ELISA during clinical malaria, and at 3, 9 and 12 months post-infection. The frequency of MBC sub-sets and presence of rhoptry-specific MBCs in subjects 18 months after treatment were detected by flow cytometry and ELISPOT assay. Results The seroprevalence of antibodies against PvRALP1-Ecto and PvRhopH2 proteins was found to be high during acute infection, with IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 sub-classes predominant. However, these anti-rhoptry responses were short-lived and significantly decreased at 9 months post-infection. To relate the durability of these antibody responses to MBC persistence at post-infection, 18-month post-infection peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples were taken to detect rhoptry-specific MBCs and frequency of MBC sub-sets, and correlate with antibody responses. These late post-infection samples revealed that rhoptry-specific MBCs were present in about 70% of total subjects. However, the persistence of specific MBCs was not correlated with antibody responses as the majority of malaria subjects who were positive for PvRALP1-Ecto- or PvRhopH2-specific MBCs were seronegative for the rhoptry antigens. The frequencies of classical MBCs were increased after infection, whereas those of activated and atypical MBCs were decreased, indicating that MBC responses could switch from activated or atypical MBCs to classical MBCs after parasite clearance, and were maintained in blood circulating at post-infection. Conclusion The study showed that rhoptry antigens induced the development and persistence of MBC responses in P. vivax-infected subjects who lived in a region of low malaria transmission, which were not related to the longevity of antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyawan Kochayoo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Siriruk Changrob
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kittikorn Wangriatisak
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Seong Kyun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Patchanee Chootong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-701, Republic of Korea.
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Comparative Analysis of the Serological Reactivity of Individuals with Clinical History of Malaria using Two Different ELISA Tests. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:diagnostics9040168. [PMID: 31671536 PMCID: PMC6963549 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of malaria reduces disease, prevents deaths, and contributes to decreased malaria transmission. The use of specific and sensitive antigens in the execution of serological diagnostics may have an impact on the transmission of the disease. However, many individuals cannot be easily diagnosed by serological tests due to low levels of antibodies in the serum. Using two different Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) tests (a commercial and an in-house ELISA), a total of 365 serum samples from individuals with a clinical history of malaria were analyzed. From the serum samples analyzed, 192 (53%) samples from the commercial ELISA and 219 (60%) samples from the in-house ELISA presented positive serological reactivity to malaria. The concordance of the samples tested (n = 365) between both ELISAs was of 67% (n = 242), and with the negative control was 100% (n = 17). We demonstrated that the in-house ELISA showed high antigenic reactivity to Plasmodium falciparum antigens when compared with the commercial ELISA. The degree of concordance of both ELISAs suggested the possibility of existence of other P. falciparum antigens present in the crude extract of P. falciparum that are important in the serological response during malaria infection.
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Baroncelli S, Maria Galluzzo C, Liotta G, Orlando S, Ciccacci F, Andreotti M, Mpwhere R, Luhanga R, Sagno JB, Amici R, Marazzi MC, Giuliano M. IgG abnormalities in HIV-positive Malawian women initiating antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy persist after 24 months of treatment. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 88:1-7. [PMID: 31499207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypergammaglobulinemia and anomalies in the IgG subclass distribution are common in HIV-infected individuals and persist even after many years of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The aim of this study was to investigate the IgG profile and dynamics in pregnant HIV-infected Malawian women in the Option B era. METHODS Thirty-seven treatment-naive women received ART from the third trimester of pregnancy to 6 months post delivery (end of the breastfeeding period). ART continuation (group C) or interruption (group I) was then decided on the basis of the CD4+ cell count at enrolment (>350 or ≤350/μl). Total IgG and IgG subclasses were determined in maternal serum using a nephelometric assay at baseline and at 6 and 24 months postpartum. RESULTS At enrolment, 36/37 women had IgG levels >15g/l and there was a predominance of the IgG1 isotype (more than 90%) in parallel with underrepresentation of IgG2 (5.0%). After 6 months of ART, both groups showed a significant median decrease in total IgG (-3.1g/l in group I, -3.5g/l in group C) and in IgG1 (-4.0g/l and -3.6g/l, respectively), but only a modest recovery in IgG2 levels (+0.16 in group I, +0.14g/l in group C). At month 24, hypergammaglobulinemia was still present in 73.7% of women in group C, although a significant reduction was observed in total IgG level and in IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses (p<0.0001 in all cases). IgG2 levels did not show any significant change. In group I at 24 months, total IgG and IgG subclasses had returned to levels comparable to those at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The beneficial effects of 24 months of ART appear to be limited in the B-cell compartment, with an incomplete reduction of total IgG levels and no recovery of IgG2 depletion. A short ART period did not have significant effects on IgG abnormalities in women who interrupted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Baroncelli
- National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Clementina Maria Galluzzo
- National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Liotta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Orlando
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Fausto Ciccacci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Andreotti
- National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Mpwhere
- DREAM Program, Community of S. Egidio, PO Box 30355, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Richard Luhanga
- DREAM Program, Community of S. Egidio, PO Box 30355, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | - Roberta Amici
- National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marina Giuliano
- National Centre for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Bittencourt NC, Leite JA, Silva ABIE, Pimenta TS, Silva-Filho JL, Cassiano GC, Lopes SCP, Dos-Santos JCK, Bourgard C, Nakaya HI, da Silva Ventura AMR, Lacerda MVG, Ferreira MU, Machado RLD, Albrecht L, Costa FTM. Genetic sequence characterization and naturally acquired immune response to Plasmodium vivax Rhoptry Neck Protein 2 (PvRON2). Malar J 2018; 17:401. [PMID: 30382855 PMCID: PMC6208078 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic diversity of malaria antigens often results in allele variant-specific immunity, imposing a great challenge to vaccine development. Rhoptry Neck Protein 2 (PvRON2) is a blood-stage antigen that plays a key role during the erythrocyte invasion of Plasmodium vivax. This study investigates the genetic diversity of PvRON2 and the naturally acquired immune response to P. vivax isolates. Results Here, the genetic diversity of PvRON21828–2080 and the naturally acquired humoral immune response against PvRON21828–2080 in infected and non-infected individuals from a vivax malaria endemic area in Brazil was reported. The diversity analysis of PvRON21828–2080 revealed that the protein is conserved in isolates in Brazil and worldwide. A total of 18 (19%) patients had IgG antibodies to PvRON21828–2080. Additionally, the analysis of the antibody response in individuals who were not acutely infected with malaria, but had been infected with malaria in the past indicated that 32 patients (33%) exhibited an IgG immune response against PvRON2. Conclusions PvRON2 was conserved among the studied isolates. The presence of naturally acquired antibodies to this protein in the absence of the disease suggests that PvRON2 induces a long-term antibody response. These results indicate that PvRON2 is a potential malaria vaccine candidate. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2543-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najara C Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Leite
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Tamirys S Pimenta
- Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos e Imunogenética em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas/SVS/MS, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Silva-Filho
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Cassiano
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Stefanie C P Lopes
- Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical-Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Joao C K Dos-Santos
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Catarina Bourgard
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Helder I Nakaya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcus V G Lacerda
- Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Fundação de Medicina Tropical-Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcelo U Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo L D Machado
- Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos e Imunogenética em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas/SVS/MS, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Letusa Albrecht
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fabio T M Costa
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Prof. Dr. Luiz Jacintho da Silva, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Baroncelli S, Galluzzo CM, Liotta G, Andreotti M, Mancinelli S, Mphwere R, Bokola E, Amici R, Marazzi MC, Palombi L, Lucaroni F, Giuliano M. Deficit of IgG2 in HIV-positive pregnant women is responsible of inadequate IgG2 levels in their HIV-uninfected children in Malawi. Med Microbiol Immunol 2018; 207:175-182. [PMID: 29488063 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-018-0537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplacental passage of IgGs is impaired in HIV + pregnant women, possibly determining an inadequate immunological protection in their children. We aimed to determine the impact of maternal immunological IgG profile and immunoactivation status on the efficiency of transplacental passage of IgG subclasses in HIV + mothers. METHODS 16 mother/infants pairs were studied in Malawi. Mothers received antiretroviral therapy (ART) from the third trimester of pregnancy. Determinations of pre-ART levels of maternal sCD14, of IgG subclasses in mothers at delivery and in their 1-month-old infants, were performed using commercial ELISA kits. RESULTS At delivery, after a median of 10 weeks of ART, 12/16 mothers were hypergammaglobulinemic, with IgG levels (20.5 mg/ml, 95% CI:18.8-26.8) directly correlated to the plasmatic levels of sCD14 (r = 0.640, p = 0.014). IgG1 levels (17.9 mg/ml) accounted for 82% of IgG, IgG3 and IgG4 levels were in the normal range. A profound deficit of IgG2 was observed both in mothers (0.60 mg/ml) and in infants (0.14 mg/ml). Placental transfer ratio (range 0.16-0.42) did not show a selective impairment between the different IgG subclasses. The transplacental passage of all IgG subclasses was decreased in the presence of maternal IgG over 16 mg/ml (significantly for IgG1, p = 0.031) and of high levels of sCD14 (p = 0.063). CONCLUSIONS Transplacental passage was reduced for all IgG subclasses and inversely correlated to high levels of maternal IgGs and to the degree of immunoactivation. The profound depression of IgG2 in mothers suggests that IgG2 neonatal levels mostly reflect the maternal deficit rather than a selective impairment of IgG2 transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Baroncelli
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Clementina Maria Galluzzo
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Liotta
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Andreotti
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandro Mancinelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert Mphwere
- DREAM Program, Community of S. Egidio, P.O. Box 30355, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Enok Bokola
- DREAM Program, Community of S. Egidio, P.O. Box 30355, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Roberta Amici
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Palombi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Lucaroni
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Giuliano
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Biological, immunological and functional properties of two novel multi-variant chimeric recombinant proteins of CSP antigens for vaccine development against Plasmodium vivax infection. Mol Immunol 2017; 90:158-171. [PMID: 28800475 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax is a major pre-erythrocyte vaccine candidate. The protein has a central repeat region that belongs to one of repeat families (VK210, VK247, and the P. vivax-like). In the present study, computer modelling was employed to select chimeric proteins, comprising the conserved regions and different arrangements of the repeat elements (VK210 and VK247), whose structure is similar to that of the native counterparts. DNA encoding the selected chimeras (named CS127 and CS712) were synthetically constructed based on E. coli codons, then cloned and expressed. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; anti-Pv-210-CDC and -Pv-247-CDC), recognized the chimeric antigens in ELISA, indicating correct conformation and accessibility of the B-cell epitopes. ELISA using IgG from plasma samples collected from 221 Iranian patients with acute P. vivax showed that only 49.32% of the samples reacted to both CS127 and CS712 proteins. The dominant subclass for the two chimeras was IgG1 (48% of the positive responders, OD492=0.777±0.420 for CS127; 48.41% of the positive responders, OD492=0.862±0.423 for CS712, with no statistically significant difference P>0.05; Wilcoxon signed ranks test). Binding assays showed that both chimeric proteins bound to immobilized heparan sulphate and HepG2 hepatocyte cells in a concentration-dependent manner, saturable at 80μg/mL. Additionally, anti-CS127 and -CS712 antibodies raised in mice recognized the native protein on the surface of P. vivax sporozoite with high intensity, confirming the presence of common epitopes between the recombinant forms and the native proteins. In summary, despite structural differences at the molecular level, the expression levels of both chimeras were satisfactory, and their conformational structure retained biological function, thus supporting their potential for use in the development of vivax-based vaccine.
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9
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Imboumy-Limoukou RK, Maghendi-Nzondo S, Kouna CL, Bounaadja L, Mbang S, Biteghe JC, Eboumbou C, Prugnolle F, Florent I, Lekana-Douki JB. Immunoglobulin response to the low polymorphic Pf113 antigen in children from Lastoursville, South-East of Gabon. Acta Trop 2016; 163:149-56. [PMID: 27523305 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pf113 is a P. falciparum putatively GPI-anchored protein that has been so far localized at the surface of merozoites, suggesting it could interact with RBC surface during merozoite invasion. Previous studies conducted in Papua New Guinea and in Kenya have revealed that this protein is recognized by natural antibodies in individuals living in malaria-endemic areas and is associated with protective immunity in malaria, further supporting the potential of Pf113 for the development of anti-malaria vaccines. However, in Central Africa, no study on the immunogenicity of this protein has been conducted. Here, we report the characterization of the Pf113 immune response in 103 children by Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA), using a recombinant form of Pf113 expressed in Escherichia coli, together with the study of the Pf113 polymorphism, after amplification and sequencing of 40 field isolates. Data showed that almost 51% of the studied individuals had positive antibody responses to the recombinant Pf113 protein, and that IgG subclass response was dominated by IgG3 (84%) followed by IgG1 (50%). Surprisingly the prevalence of IgG4 was 92%. In addition, gene analysis in field isolates from this region indicated that Pf113 was not highly polymorphic, in particular regarding high-activity binding peptides (HABPs). Our data reinforce the idea that Pf113 may be considered for inclusion in multicomponent blood-stage vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roméo Karl Imboumy-Limoukou
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France; Ecole Doctorale Régionale en Infectiologie Tropicale d'Afrique Centrale (ECODRAC), BP 876 Franceville, Gabon.
| | - Sidney Maghendi-Nzondo
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Charlene Lady Kouna
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Lotfi Bounaadja
- Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Mbang
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala Biological Sciences Unit, BP 2701 Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jean Claude Biteghe
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; Ecole Doctorale Régionale en Infectiologie Tropicale d'Afrique Centrale (ECODRAC), BP 876 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Carole Eboumbou
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala Biological Sciences Unit, BP 2701 Douala, Cameroon
| | - Franck Prugnolle
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; UMR 5290 MIVEGEC (CNRS/IRD/UM), BP, 911 Avenue Agropolis BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Isabelle Florent
- Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Lekana-Douki
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Unité de Parasitologie Médicale (UPARAM), BP 769 Franceville, Gabon; Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, BP 4009 Libreville, Gabon.
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Jahnmatz P, Bengtsson T, Zuber B, Färnert A, Ahlborg N. An antigen-specific, four-color, B-cell FluoroSpot assay utilizing tagged antigens for detection. J Immunol Methods 2016; 433:23-30. [PMID: 26930550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The FluoroSpot assay, a variant of ELISpot utilizing fluorescent detection, has so far been used primarily for assessment of T cells, where simultaneous detection of several cytokines has allowed a more qualitative analysis of functionally distinct T cells. The potential to measure multiple analytes also presents several advantages when analyzing B cells. Our aim was to develop a B-cell FluoroSpot assay adaptable to studies of a variety of antigens. The assay utilizes anti-IgG antibodies immobilized in 96-well filter membrane plates. During cell culture, IgG antibodies secreted by antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are captured in the vicinity of each of these cells and the specificity of single ASCs is defined using antigens for detection. The antigens were labeled with biotin or peptide tags enabling secondary detection with fluorophore-conjugated streptavidin or tag-specific antibodies. The assay, utilizing up to four different tag systems and fluorophores simultaneously, was evaluated using hybridomas and immunized splenocytes as ASCs. Assay variants were developed that could: i) identify multiple ASCs with different antigen specificities; ii) detect ASCs showing cross-reactivity with different but related antigens; and iii) define the antigen-specificity and, by including anti-IgG subclass detection reagents, simultaneously determine the IgG subclass of antibodies secreted by ASCs. As demonstrated here, the B-cell FluoroSpot assay using tag-based detection systems provides a versatile and powerful tool to investigate antibody responses by individual cells that can be readily adapted to studies of a variety of antigen-specific ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jahnmatz
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Mabtech AB, Box 1233, SE-131 28 Nacka Strand, Sweden.
| | | | - Bartek Zuber
- Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Tomtebodavägen 23A, SE-112 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Färnert
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Ahlborg
- Mabtech AB, Box 1233, SE-131 28 Nacka Strand, Sweden; Stockholm University, Department of Immunology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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