1
|
Ahmadi M, Askari VR, Shahri B, Mousavi Noghab SM, Jarahi L, Baradaran Rahimi V. Omega-3 fatty acids effectively mitigate high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) biomarker of inflammation in acute myocardial infarction patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03330-1. [PMID: 39073419 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is considered an inflammatory disease and among the leading causes of death globally. An essential indicator of inflammation, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), is linked with the acute MI prognosis. We aimed to examine the impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as an anti-inflammatory supplement on hs-CRP levels in acute MI patients. Sixty patients with acute MI participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled trial. For 30 days, patients were randomized to receive omega-3 PUFAs (2 g/day, N = 30) or placebo (N = 30) on top of guideline-directed medical therapy. An initial and endpoint measurement of hs-CRP was performed. We found that the hs-CRP levels in both omega-3 PUFAs and placebo groups remarkably decreased following 30 days of treatment (decreasing from 1.84 (2.3) and 1.3 (2.6) to 0.38 (0.54) and 0.63 (1.12) mg/dL, respectively; P < 0.001). Following the 30 days of treatment, the reducing impact of omega-3 PUFAs (↓ 1.54 (1.98) mg/dL) on hs-CRP was more robust than the placebo group (↓ 0.92 (1.57) mg/dL, P = 0.008). Furthermore, the WBC, cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels were markedly decreased in omega-3 and placebo groups after 30 days of therapy (P < 0.001 for all). However, no remarkable differences were reported in the level of these parameters after 30 days of therapy between both studied groups. Our findings showed that omega-3 PUFAs decrease hs-CRP amounts in patients with acute MI. Omega-3 PUFA supplementation may be an appropriate candidate in patients with early-stage acute MI for inhibiting inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahram Shahri
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdiar Mousavi Noghab
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Lida Jarahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bernhard B, Heydari B, Abdullah S, Francis SA, Lumish H, Wang W, Jerosch-Herold M, Harris WS, Kwong RY. Effect of six month's treatment with omega-3 acid ethyl esters on long-term outcomes after acute myocardial infarction: The OMEGA-REMODEL randomized clinical trial. Int J Cardiol 2024; 399:131698. [PMID: 38184150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3-FA) have been shown to reduce inflammation and adverse cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the impact of O3-FA on long-term clinical outcomes remains uncertain. AIMS To investigate the impact of O3-FA on adverse cardiac events in long-term follow up post AMI in a pilot-study. METHODS Consecutive patients with AMI were randomized 1:1 to receive 6 months of O3-FA (4 g/daily) or placebo in the prospective, multicenter OMEGA-REMODEL trial. Primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing all-cause death, heart failure hospitalizations, recurrent acute coronary syndrome, and late coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). RESULTS A total of 358 patients (62.8% male; 48.1 ± 16.1 years) were followed for a median of 6.6 (IQR: 5.0-9.1) years. Among those receiving O3-FA (n = 180), MACE occurred in 65 (36.1%) compared to 62 (34.8%) of 178 assigned to placebo. By intention-to-treat analysis, O3-FA treatment assignment did not reduce MACE (HR = 1.014; 95%CI = 0.716-1.436; p = 0.938), or its individual components. However, patients with a positive response to O3-FA treatment (n = 43), defined as an increase in the red blood cell omega-3 index (O3I) ≥5% after 6 months of treatment, had lower annualized MACE rates compared to those without (2.9% (95%CI = 1.2-5.1) vs 7.1% (95%CI = 5.7-8.9); p = 0.001). This treatment benefit persisted after adjustment for baseline characteristics (HRadjusted = 0.460; 95%CI = 0.218-0.970; p = 0.041). CONCLUSION In long-term follow-up of the OMEGA-REMODEL randomized trial, O3-FA did not reduce MACE after AMI by intention to treat principle, however, patients who achieved a ≥ 5% increase of O3I subsequent to treatment had favorable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Bernhard
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bobak Heydari
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shuaib Abdullah
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; VA North Texas Medical Center and University of Texas-Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sanjeev A Francis
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland, USA
| | - Heidi Lumish
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Jerosch-Herold
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William S Harris
- Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD 57106, USA; Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Raymond Y Kwong
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nomali M, Heidari ME, Ayati A, Tayebi A, Shevchuk O, Mohammadrezaei R, Navid H, Khayyatzadeh SS, Palii S, Valizade Shiran F, Khorasanian AS, Veysi Z, Jamalzehi A, Lesani A, Assari G, Khani S, Hassanpour K, Gerami H. Omega-3 supplementation and outcomes of heart failure: A systematic review of clinical trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36804. [PMID: 38241565 PMCID: PMC10798699 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Omega-3 supplements are endorsed for heart failure (HF) patients to reduce hospitalizations and mortality, offering anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective benefits. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in various databases until November 2022. Eligible studies included clinical trials on patients with HF. Data extraction covered study details, omega-3 specifics, outcomes, and limitations. The JADAD scale was used to assess the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials. RESULTS The review process involved 572 records from database searches, resulting in 19 studies after eliminating duplicates and screening. These studies assessed the impact of omega-3 on various clinical outcomes, such as mortality, hospitalization, cardiac function, and quality of life. Studied duration varied from weeks to years. Omega-3 supplementation demonstrated potential benefits such as improved heart function, reduced inflammation, and decreased risk of cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION Omega-3 supplementation could benefit heart disease treatment, potentially reducing therapy duration and improving outcomes. Starting omega-3 supplementation for HF patients seems favorable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Nomali
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Aryan Ayati
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Tayebi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Oksana Shevchuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Ramin Mohammadrezaei
- Fellowship of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Navid
- Fellowship of Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Svitlana Palii
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | | | - Atie Sadat Khorasanian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Veysi
- Department of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Jamalzehi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Lesani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnoosh Assari
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Khani
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Kamyab Hassanpour
- School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hadis Gerami
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chang WT, Sun CK, Wu JY, Yu CH, Chang YJ, Lin MC, Lan KM, Chen IW, Hung KC. Association of prognostic nutritional index with long-term mortality in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13102. [PMID: 37567925 PMCID: PMC10421894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) for the long-term prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains uncertain. Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until January 2023 to study the relationship between all-cause mortality risk and PNI in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention for ACS (i.e., primary outcome). Thirteen observational studies were included in this meta-analysis. Analysis of seven studies using PNI as a categorical variable showed a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality of 2.97 (95% CI 1.65 to 5.34, p = 0.0003, I2 = 89%, n = 11,245) for patients with a low PNI. The meta-analysis also showed a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with a low PNI (HR 2.04; 95% CI 1.59 to 2.61; p < 0.00001; I2 = 21%; n = 8534). Moreover, advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and high Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk scores were associated with a high risk of all-cause mortality, whereas a high body mass index was associated with a low risk of all-cause mortality. The results showed an association between a low PNI and an increased risk of long-term mortality in patients undergoing coronary interventions for ACS. Further randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan City, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jen Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan City, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan City, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Mao Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chuan Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901, ChungHwa Road, YungKung Dist, Tainan City, 71004, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen ZS, Yu MM, Wang K, Meng XL, Liu YC, Shou ST, Chai YF. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and attenuate sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Nutrition 2023; 106:111886. [PMID: 36459842 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis can cause myocardial injury, which is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. Fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in ultralong chains has immunomodulatory effects and can inhibit the production of various critically ill proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, this study focused on whether ω-3 PUFAs have a protective effect on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). METHODS Male 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with 3% special fish oil supplement rat food for seven consecutive days prior to surgery. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was perfromed to induce polymicrobial sepsis.The cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, apoptosis of cardiomyocyte were detected by TUNEL assay and Western blotting, and the level of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in plasma was determined 24h after CLP. RESULTS Pretreatment with omega-3 PUFAs attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines, attenuated the SIC, and improved the survival rate of septic mice induced by CLP. CONCLUSIONS ω-3 PUFAs alleviate SIC through attenuating cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which provides a new direction for the prevention and treatment of SIC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Sen Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mu-Ming Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang-Long Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Song-Tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu J, Meng Q, Zheng L, Yu P, Hu H, Zhuang R, Ge X, Liu Z, Liang X, Zhou X. Effect of n-3 PUFA on left ventricular remodelling in chronic heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-10. [PMID: 35241186 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that supplementation of n-3 PUFA was associated with reduction in risk of major cardiovascular events. This meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate whether daily supplementation and accumulated intake of n-3 PUFA are associated with improved left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Articles were obtained from Pubmed, Clinical key and Web of Science from inception to January 1 in 2021, and a total of twelve trials involving 2162 participants were eligible for inclusion. The sources of study heterogeneity were explained by I2 statistic and subgroup analysis. Compared with placebo groups, n-3 PUFA supplementation improved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (eleven trials, 2112 participants, weighted mean difference (WMD) = 2·52, 95 % CI 1·25, 3·80, I2 = 87·8 %) and decreased LV end systolic volume (five studies, 905 participants, WMD = -3·22, 95 % CI 3·67, -2·77, I2 = 0·0 %) using the continuous variables analysis. Notably, the high accumulated n-3 PUFA dosage groups (≥ 600 g) presented a prominent improvement in LVEF, while the low and middle accumulated dosage (≤ 300 and 300-600 g) showed no effects on LVEF. In addition, n-3 PUFA supplementation decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-6 (IL-6) and hypersensitive c-reactive protein. Therefore, the present meta-analysis demonstrated that n-3 PUFA consumption was associated with a substantial improvement of LV function and remodelling in patients subjected to CHF. The accumulated dosage of n-3 PUFA intake is vital for its cardiac protective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing100045, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Rulin Zhuang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic Diseases, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barbarash OL, Sedykh DY, Petrova TS, Kashtalap VV, Tsygankova DP. Healthy nutrition in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. What to focus on? КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationalization of dietary behavior in patients after myocardial infarction is the subject of numerous discussions. Despite the proven preventive effect of a healthy diet and the benefits of certain foods in cardiovascular diseases, this type of intervention is still underused. The aim of this review was to analyze current approaches to modifying the nutrition of patients within the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. For this, 903 publications from PubMed/MEDLINE database over the past 5 years were studied. The Mediterranean diet demonstrated the highest efficacy and safety in preventing athero-thrombotic events among existing dietary patterns. However, its wide reproducibility in different regions is associated with a number of limitations. Government programs to modify and support a healthy diet beyond the conventional low-cholesterol diet may be promising in secondary prevention, especially if patients are properly monitored and motivated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O. L. Barbarash
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - D. Yu. Sedykh
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - T. S. Petrova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - V. V. Kashtalap
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| | - D. P. Tsygankova
- Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karimkhani H, Özkoç M, Shojaolsadati P, Uzuner K, Donmez DB, Kanbak G. Protective Effect of Boric Acid and Omega-3 on Myocardial Infarction in an Experimental Rat Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2612-2620. [PMID: 32909114 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Boric acid and omega-3 are used as essential elements for both animal and human health. Many researchers have shown these beneficial effects on cardiac and inflammatory markers. This study aims to evaluate cardiac protective effect of boric acid and omega-3 against MI (myocardial infarction), probably due to the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of natriuretic peptides in rats. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, MI, MI+boric acid, MI+omega-3, and MI+boric acid+omega-3. Saline solution (2 ml/day), omega-3 (800 mg/kg/day), and boric acid (100 mg/kg/day)+omega-3 (800 mg/kg/day) were orally administered to the relevant groups throughout the 28 days. To constitute the MI model, the rats were exposed to isoproterenol-HCl (ISO) (200 mg/kg, S.C.) on the 27th and 28th. In the MI group, serum levels of CK-MB, BNP, and TNF-α are increased significantly. Also, ST waves and heart rates were higher in the MI than the control. These results demonstrate that biochemical results healed in MI+boric acid, MI+omega-3, and MI+boric acid+omega-3 groups compared MI group. ECG and light microscope results supported the findings as well. The statistical analysis showed that boric acid and/or omega-3 has protective effects on cellular damage in MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Karimkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mete Özkoç
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Paria Shojaolsadati
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Uzuner
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Burukoglu Donmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zirpoli H, Chang CL, Carpentier YA, Michael-Titus AT, Ten VS, Deckelbaum RJ. Novel Approaches for Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapeutics: Chronic Versus Acute Administration to Protect Heart, Brain, and Spinal Cord. Annu Rev Nutr 2020; 40:161-187. [PMID: 32966188 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews novel approaches for omega-3 fatty acid (FA) therapeutics and the linked molecular mechanisms in cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In vitro and in vivo research studies indicate that omega-3 FAs affect synergic mechanisms that include modulation of cell membrane fluidity, regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, and production of bioactive mediators. We compare how chronic and acute treatments with omega-3 FAs differentially trigger pathways of protection in heart, brain, and spinal cord injuries. We also summarize recent omega-3 FA randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses and discuss possible reasons for controversial results, with suggestions on improving the study design for future clinical trials. Acute treatment with omega-3 FAs offers a novel approach for preserving cardiac and neurological functions, and the combinations of acute treatment with chronic administration of omega-3 FAs might represent an additional therapeutic strategy for ameliorating adverse cardiovascular and CNS outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hylde Zirpoli
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Chuchun L Chang
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Yvon A Carpentier
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Nutrition Lipid Developments, SPRL, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adina T Michael-Titus
- Center for Neuroscience, Surgery, and Trauma, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Vadim S Ten
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Richard J Deckelbaum
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; .,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Singh H, Thakur S, Sahajpal NS, Singh H, Singh A, Sohal HS, Jain SK. Recent Advances in the Novel Formulation of Docosahexaenoic Acid for Effective Delivery, Associated Challenges and Its Clinical Importance. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 17:483-504. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200512103402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an essential polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid, and a fundamental structural component of the phospholipid membranes, especially of neural and retinal cells. DHA is found to be critical for the normal development and functioning of neurons and synaptogenesis in the brain, and is required during pre- and post-natal stages of life. DHA has also been observed to exhibit neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, geographical dietary variations and poor economic conditions lead to insufficient DHA levels resulting in various health deficits like improper brain development, cognitive disorders, and other clinical complications. Thus, to prevent its deficiency-induced derangements, several authorities recommend DHA as a supplement during pregnancy, infancy, and throughout adulthood. In past decades, the soft gelatin capsule was only feasible resolute of DHA, but due to their limitations and invention of new technologies; it led to the development of new dosage forms with improved physicochemical characteristics of DHA. This article will discuss in detail about the role of DHA in brain development, microalgae oil as an emerging source of DHA, clinical- and pharmacological-activities of DHA, issues related to DHA oil, current formulation of DHA along with their application, limitations, and strategies used for improvement and future prospectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Shubham Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Shri Sahajpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Harjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Amrinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| | - Harminder Singh Sohal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Subheet Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143105, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|