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Chen Y, Ouyang J, Chen H. Effects of Early Weight-Bearing Treadmill Training Combined with Pre-Emptive Analgesia on Femoral Fracture Recovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:8498062. [PMID: 36760470 PMCID: PMC9904936 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8498062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The effect of pre-emptive analgesia plus early weight-bearing treadmill training (EWBTT) on healing and motor function recovery of femoral shaft fracture is not clear. Methods A total of 60 SD male rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: group A (pre-emptive analgesia with EWBTT), group B (pre-emptive analgesia with delayed weight-bearing treadmill training, DWBTT), group C (pre-emptive analgesia with no weight-bearing), and group D (EWBTT with no pre-emptive analgesia). All rats were molded by internal fixation with Kirschner wire after right femoral shaft fracture. In groups A, B, and C, tramadol was intramuscularly injected 15 minutes before surgery. EWBTT was performed at day 1 postoperatively in groups A and D, and DWBTT was performed at day 14 postoperatively in group B. Oblique plate test was accomplished to assess hindlimb motor function recovery of rats in each group. Status of fracture healing was assessed through digital radiography (DR). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (MBP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in callus were performed to explore fracture healing. The expression of BMP-2 and VEGF protein in quadriceps femoris muscle was detected by Western blot technique and mRNA expression of BMP-2 and VEGF in callus ascertained via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. Results For oblique plate test, rats in group A outperformed those in groups B and C at all time points after operation. DR image revealed that large numbers of callus growth, blurred fracture line, and obvious continuous callus passing through the fracture line can be found in group A at day 28 postoperatively, which is the best healing status among all groups. HE staining of callus confirmed the optimal effect of healing for rats in group A. VEGF and BMP-2 expression by immunohistochemistry showed a significantly higher positive score for callus in group A while those in group C being the lowest at all time points postoperatively. Significantly higher expression level of VEGF and BMP-2 protein was detected in quadriceps femoris muscle from group A, which exceeded those in all other groups at all time points. RT-PCR testing proved the highest expression of BMP-2 and VEGF mRNA in callus of rats from group A, significantly higher than those of other groups. Conclusions Both pre-emptive analgesia and EWBTT can effectively invoke the expression of VEGF and BMP-2 and promote recovery of hindlimb locomotor function in rats with femoral fracture, and the combination of them leads to more superior results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiemiao Ouyang
- The Third People's Hospital Haikou, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Liu P, Tu J, Wang W, Li Z, Li Y, Yu X, Zhang Z. Effects of Mechanical Stress Stimulation on Function and Expression Mechanism of Osteoblasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:830722. [PMID: 35252138 PMCID: PMC8893233 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.830722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play a major role in bone tissue homeostasis. The homeostasis and integrity of bone tissue are maintained by ensuring a balance between osteoclastic and osteogenic activities. The remodeling of bone tissue is a continuous ongoing process. Osteoclasts mainly play a role in bone resorption, whereas osteoblasts are mainly involved in bone remodeling processes, such as bone cell formation, mineralization, and secretion. These cell types balance and restrict each other to maintain bone tissue metabolism. Bone tissue is very sensitive to mechanical stress stimulation. Unloading and loading of mechanical stress are closely related to the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts and bone resorption function as well as the differentiation and formation of osteoblasts and bone formation function. Consequently, mechanical stress exerts an important influence on the bone microenvironment and bone metabolism. This review focuses on the effects of different forms of mechanical stress stimulation (including gravity, continuously compressive pressure, tensile strain, and fluid shear stress) on osteoclast and osteoblast function and expression mechanism. This article highlights the involvement of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in activating different mechanical transduction pathways and reports changings in their differentiation, formation, and functional mechanism induced by the application of different types of mechanical stress to bone tissue. This review could provide new ideas for further microscopic studies of bone health, disease, and tissue damage reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Tu
- Spine Labs, St. George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- People’s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Basic Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoping Yu, ; Zhengdong Zhang,
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoping Yu, ; Zhengdong Zhang,
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Miyamoto S, Yoshikawa H, Nakata K. Axial mechanical loading to ex vivo mouse long bone regulates endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway during postnatal growth. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101088. [PMID: 34141832 PMCID: PMC8188257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading contributes to bone development, growth, and metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying long bone mineralization via changes in loading during the growth period are unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization by developing an ex vivo organ culture model with cyclic axial mechanical loads. The metacarpal bones of 3-week-old C57BL/6 mice were exposed to mechanical loading (0, 7.8, and 78 mN) for 1 h/day for 4 days. Histomorphometry revealed that axial mechanical loading regulated the thickness of the calcified zone in the growth plate and endosteal mineralization in the diaphysis in a load-dependent manner. Mechanical loading also resulted in load-dependent upregulation of endochondral ossification and bone mineralization-related genes, including bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2). Recombinant human BMP-2 administration caused similar changes in tissue structures. Conversely, inhibition of the BMP-Smad pathway diminished the stimulatory effects of mechanical loading and BMP-2 administration, suggesting that the effects of mechanical loading may be exerted through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway with the results of gene ontology and pathway analyses. Mechanical loading increased alkaline phosphatase activity and decreased carbonic anhydrase IX (Car9) mRNA expression, resulting in a significant pH increase in the culture supernatant. We hypothesize that, through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway, mechanical loading downregulates Car9, which may alkalize the local milieu, thereby inducing bone formation and long bone mineralization. Our results showed that cyclic axial mechanical loading increased endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization in developing mouse long bones, which may have resulted from changes in the pH, ALP activity, and Pi/PPi of the extracellular environment. These findings advance our understanding of the regulation of mineralization mechanisms by mechanical loading mediated through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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RANKL/RANK/OPG Pathway: A Mechanism Involved in Exercise-Induced Bone Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6910312. [PMID: 32149122 PMCID: PMC7053481 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6910312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bones as an alive organ consist of about 70% mineral and 30% organic component. About 200 million people are suffering from osteopenia and osteoporosis around the world. There are multiple ways of protecting bone from endogenous and exogenous risk factors. Planned physical activity is another useful way for protecting bone health. It has been investigated that arranged exercise would effectively regulate bone metabolism. Until now, a number of systems have discovered how exercise could help bone health. Previous studies reported different mechanisms of the effect of exercise on bone health by modulation of bone remodeling. However, the regulation of RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in exercise and physical performance as one of the most important remodeling systems is not considered comprehensive in previous evidence. Therefore, the aim of this review is to clarify exercise influence on bone modeling and remodeling, with a concentration on its role in regulating RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.
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Luo G, Xu B, Wang W, Wu Y, Li M. Study of the osteogenesis effect of icariside II and icaritin on canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2018; 36:668-678. [PMID: 29264750 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-017-0889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the osteogenesis effect of icariside II (ICSII) and icaritin (ICT) in vitro. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with ICSII and ICT in order to detect the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs, the expression of the osteogenesis-related proteins with or without osteogenic medium (OM) and genes, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), osterix, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and the phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We found that the optical density increased and alkaline phosphatase decreased after the BMSCs were treated with different concentrations of ICSII; however, ICT showed an opposing effect. The formation of calcium nodules was observed after the BMSCs were treated with ICSII and ICT. The expression level of osteogenesis-related proteins was enhanced following treatment with both ICSII or ICT, while the expression level of the osteogenesis-related genes Runx-2, OCN, OPN, osterix, and bFGF significantly increased with ICSII treatment (P < 0.05), and only Runx-2 and bFGF significantly increased (P < 0.01) with ICT. The expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins (except OPN) following treatment with ICSII + OM or ICT + OM was not notably increased. Both ICSII and ICT elevated the phosphorylation levels of MAPK/ERK, which was attenuated by GDC-0994 (an inhibitor of MAPK/ERK). Collectively, these data indicate that ICSII and ICT facilitate orientation osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which is most likely via the MAPK/ERK pathway. OM did not synergistically enhance the osteogenesis effect of ICSII and ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Luo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Block C No 1088 of Hai Yuan Road, High and New Technology Zone, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Han B, Wei SP, Zhang XC, Li H, Li Y, Li RX, Li K, Zhang XZ. Effects of constrained dynamic loading, CKIP‑1 gene knockout and combination stimulations on bone loss caused by mechanical unloading. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2506-2514. [PMID: 29956799 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimulation plays an important role in maintaining the growth and normal function of the skeletal system. Mechanical unloading occurs, for example, in astronauts spending long periods of time in space or in patients on prolonged bed rest, and causes a rapid loss of bone mass. Casein kinase 2‑interacting protein‑1 (CKIP‑1) is a novel negative bone regulation factor that has been demonstrated to reduce bone loss and enhance bone formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of constrained dynamic loading (Loading) in combination with CKIP‑1 gene knockout (KO) on unloading‑induced bone loss in tail‑suspension mice. The blood serum metabolism index [alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OCN) levels], tibia mechanical behavior (including bone trabecular microstructure parameters and tibia biomechanical properties), osteoblast‑related gene expression [ALP, OCN, collagen I and bone morphogenetic protein‑2 and osteoprotegerin (OPG)] and osteoclast‑related gene expression [receptor activators of NF‑kB ligand (RANKL)] were measured. The results demonstrated that mice experienced a loss of bone mass after four weeks of tail suspension compared with a wild type group. The mechanical properties, microarchitecture and mRNA expression were significantly increased in mice after Loading + KO treatment (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with loading or KO alone, the ratio of OPG/RANKL was increased in the combined treatment group. The combined effect of Loading + KO was greater than that observed with loading or KO alone (P<0.05). The present study demonstrates that Loading + KO can counter unloading‑induced bone loss, and combining the two treatments has an additive effect. These results indicate that combined therapy could be a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of disuse osteoporosis associated with space travel or bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Ping Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Chang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Logistical College of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Logistical College of People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
| | - Kairen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Zheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Technology, Tianjin Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R. China
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Wang QS, Wang GF, Lu YR, Cui YL, Li H, Li RX, Zhang XZ, Zhang CQ, Liu TJ. The Combination of icariin and constrained dynamic loading stimulation attenuates bone loss in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic mice. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1415-1424. [PMID: 29058779 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increasing the risk of fracture. Icariin (ICA) as a phytoestrogen shows osteogenic effects, and the mechanical stimulation has been demonstrated the improving effect on osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ICA in combination with constrained dynamic loading (CDL) stimulation on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The serum hormone levels, bone turnover markers, trabecular architecture, ulnar biomechanical properties, and the expression of osteoblast-related gene (alkaline phosphatase, ALP; osteocalcin, OCN; bone morphogenetic protein-2, BMP-2; Collagen I (α1), COL1; osteoprotegerin, OPG) and osteoclast-related genes (receptor activators of NF-κB ligand, RANKL; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP) were analyzed. The results showed that ICA + CDL treatment could increase the osteocalcin (20.85%), estradiol levels (20.61%) and decrease the TRAP activity (26.27%) significantly than CDL treatment. The combined treatment attenuated bone loss and biomechanical decrease more than single use of CDL treatment. ICA + CDL treatment significantly up-regulated the level of osteoblast-related gene expression and down-regulated the osteoclast-related genes expression; moreover, the combined treatment increased the ratio of OPG/RANKL significantly compared to ICA (72.83%) or CDL (65.63%) treatment alone. The present study demonstrates that icariin in combination with constrained dynamic loading treatment may have a therapeutic advantage over constrained dynamic loading treatment alone for the treatment of osteoporosis, which would provide new evidence for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1415-1424, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Song Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Fang Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baokang Hospital, Tianjin, 300193, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ren Lu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 YuQuan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Lu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 YuQuan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Science, No. 106 Wandong Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300162, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xin Li
- Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Science, No. 106 Wandong Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300162, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Zheng Zhang
- Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Science, No. 106 Wandong Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300162, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Qiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of the Design and Intelligent Control of the Advanced Mechatronical System, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Jun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
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Preethi Soundarya S, Sanjay V, Haritha Menon A, Dhivya S, Selvamurugan N. Effects of flavonoids incorporated biological macromolecules based scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:74-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yuan Y, Zhang L, Tong X, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Guo J, Lei L, Chen X, Tickner J, Xu J, Zou J. Mechanical Stress Regulates Bone Metabolism Through MicroRNAs. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1239-1245. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; the University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Lingli Zhang
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Tong
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yilong Zhao
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Jianming Guo
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Le Lei
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
- School of Sports Science; Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; the University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; the University of Western Australia; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Kinesiology; Shanghai University of Sport; Shanghai P. R. China
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Yuan Y, Chen X, Zhang L, Wu J, Guo J, Zou D, Chen B, Sun Z, Shen C, Zou J. The roles of exercise in bone remodeling and in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 122:122-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Che CT, Wong MS, Lam CWK. Natural Products from Chinese Medicines with Potential Benefits to Bone Health. Molecules 2016; 21:239. [PMID: 26927052 PMCID: PMC6274145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive, systemic bone disorder characterized by loss of bone mass and microstructure, leading to reduced bone strength and increased risk of fracture. It is often associated with reduced quality of life and other medical complications. The disease is common in the aging population, particularly among postmenopausal women and patients who receive long-term steroidal therapy. Given the rapid growth of the aging population, increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of bone loss, and financial burden to the healthcare system and individuals, demand for new therapeutic agents and nutritional supplements for the management and promotion of bone health is pressing. With the advent of global interest in complementary and alternative medicine and natural products, Chinese medicine serves as a viable source to offer benefits for the improvement and maintenance of bone health. This review summarizes the scientific information obtained from recent literatures on the chemical ingredients of Chinese medicinal plants that have been reported to possess osteoprotective and related properties in cell-based and/or animal models. Some of these natural products (or their derivatives) may become promising leads for development into dietary supplements or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Man Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
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Zhang ZK, Li J, Yan DX, Leung WN, Zhang BT. Icaritin Inhibits Collagen Degradation-Related Factors and Facilitates Collagen Accumulation in Atherosclerotic Lesions: A Potential Action for Plaque Stabilization. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E169. [PMID: 26828485 PMCID: PMC4783903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most acute coronary syndromes result from rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. The collagen content of plaques may critically affect plaque stability. This study tested whether Icaritin (ICT), an intestinal metabolite of Epimedium-derived flavonoids, could alter the collagen synthesis/degradation balance in atherosclerotic lesions. Rabbits were fed with an atherogenic diet for four months. Oral administration of ICT (10 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) was started after two months of an atherogenic diet and lasted for two months. The collagen degradation-related parameters, including macrophages accumulation, content and activity of interstitial collagenase-1 (MMP-1), and the collagen synthesis-related parameters, including amount and distribution of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and collagen mRNA/protein levels, were evaluated in the aorta. ICT reduced plasma lipid levels, inhibited macrophage accumulation, lowered MMP-1 mRNA and protein expression, and suppressed proteolytic activity of pro-MMP-1 and MMP-1 in the aorta. ICT changed the distribution of the SMCs towards the fibrous cap of lesions without increasing the amount of SMCs. Higher collagen protein content in lesions and aorta homogenates was observed with ICT treatment compared with the atherogenic diet only, without altered collagen mRNA level. These results suggest that ICT could inhibit the collagen degradation-related factors and facilitate collagen accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions, indicating a new potential of ICT in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Kang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Jie Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - De-Xin Yan
- Shanghai Clinical Center of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Wing-Nang Leung
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Bao-Ting Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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