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Kao HH, Hsu HS, Wu TH, Chiang HF, Huang HY, Wang HJ, Yang G, Lin WY. Effects of a single bout of short-duration high-intensity and long-duration low-intensity exercise on insulin resistance and adiponectin/leptin ratio. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 15:58-63. [PMID: 33272841 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Moderate-intensity exercise improves insulin sensitivity, which may depend on the intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise. We examined the effects of a single bout of short-duration high-intensity exercise (HIE) and long-duration lowintensity exercise (LIE) on insulin sensitivity and the adiponectin/leptin ratio in individuals with different body mass indices (BMIs) who do not exercise regularly. METHODS We enrolled 42 healthy volunteers aged 20-64 years and divided them into two groups based on BMI: BMI <24 kg/m2 and BMI ≥27 kg/m2. They were randomly assigned to either the short-duration (20 min) HIE (70%-80% heart rate reserve, HRR) or long-duration (60 min) LIE training groups (30%-40% HRR). Glucose, insulin, adiponectin, and leptin levels were assessed before training and at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after training. RESULTS We finally analyzed 27 normal weight and 9 obese individuals. No significant differences were observed in the baseline information of both BMI groups. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance significantly improved for both exercise patterns in the normal weight group and for the HIE pattern in the obese group (P < 0.01), whereas the adiponectin/leptin ratio increased significantly only among normal weight participants with the LIE intervention. CONCLUSION Both exercise patterns in BMI <24 kg/m2 and BMI ≥27 kg/m2 benefit on insulin resistance. Therefore, people can choose the way they can fit to improve insulin resistance both short-duration high-intensity exercise and long-duration low-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Han Kao
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Shui Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hsien Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Chiang
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Huang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gloria Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuan Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Social Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Souza DC, Nunhes PM, Domingues WJR, Marchini K, Hey L, Berti JA, Trindade MCC, Avelar A. The Acute Effect of a Single Resistance Training Session on the Glycemic Response among Women with HIV/AIDS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2020; 13:319-328. [PMID: 32148620 PMCID: PMC7039483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single resistance training session on the glycemic and lipid response of women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) treated with Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The sample consisted of 10 female subjects who underwent one resistance training session involving different muscle groups, that is, three sets of 8-12 repetitions with an interval of 90 seconds between the sets, and 120 seconds between exercises. The loads used in each exercise corresponded to an intensity equivalent to the interval of 5-7, which was in accordance with the OMNI-RES scale. The capillary glycemic levels were evaluated under the fed state before (Pre) and immediately after (Post) the exercise session. In order to evaluate the total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides (TG), blood samples were collected before (Pre) and one hour after the experimental protocol (Post). Non-HDL values were obtained using the Friedewald formula. The results showed that after a single resistance training session, alterations occurred in the glycemic response (p = 0.03), with a decrease of 11.4% in the values when comparing Pre and Post workout moments (99.8 ± 14.3 mg/dL vs. 87.3 ± 11.3 mg/dL, respectively). However, no significant result was observed regarding lipid response. In conclusion, a single resistance training session can reduce glycemic response in HIV positive people treated with ART without interfering with the lipid response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane C Souza
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Pollyana M Nunhes
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Wagner J R Domingues
- Collegiate of Physical Education, Institute of Social Sciences, Education and Zootechnics, Federal University of Amazonas, Parintins, AM, BRAZIL
| | - Kauana Marchini
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Lucas Hey
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Jairo A Berti
- Department of Physiology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Michele C C Trindade
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Ademar Avelar
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, BRAZIL
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Suliga E, Cieśla E, Rębak D, Kozieł D, Głuszek S. Relationship Between Sitting Time, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults Depending on Body Mass Index (BMI). Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7633-7645. [PMID: 30361469 PMCID: PMC6215384 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the possible relationship between sitting time and physical activity and the risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components. Analyses were conducted in the whole sample, and with stratification according to BMI. We have formulated a hypothesis that individuals with different BMIs have different responses to metabolic health modifiers such as physical activity and sitting time. Material/Methods Altogether, the data from 10 367 participants from urban and rural areas, aged 37–66 years were used in the study (7479 of whom were overweight or obese). The definition of metabolic syndrome devised by the IDF Joint Interim Statement criteria using an ethnic-specific cut-off point for waist circumference as the central obesity criterion was used. Results In all analyzed BMI groups, longer sitting time was only associated with abdominal obesity (all p for trend <0.05). In participants declaring low physical activity levels, the risk of metabolic syndrome and abnormal triglycerides concentration was higher compared to those declaring high physical activity, regardless of BMI (all p for trend <0.05). In the group with overweight or obesity, low physical activity was associated with a higher risk of abdominal obesity (p for trend <0.05), increased glucose concentration (p for trend <0.05), and elevated blood pressure (p for trend <0.05). In participants with a normal BMI, these associations did not occur. Conclusions Our data suggest that physical activity helps preventive metabolic syndrome and its abnormal components, especially in participants who are overweight or obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Suliga
- Department of Prevention of Alimentary Tract Diseases, The Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Cieśla
- Department of Developmental Age Research, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Dorota Rębak
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing with The Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Dorota Kozieł
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing with The Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursing with The Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Kim JW, Ko YC, Seo TB, Kim YP. Effect of circuit training on body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:460-465. [PMID: 30018934 PMCID: PMC6028228 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836194.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week circuit training program on health-related physical fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese female college students. Twenty subjects with over 30% of accumulated body fat voluntarily participated and were randomly allocated to the control group (n=10) or circuit training group (n=10). The circuit training program consisted of 10 types of resistance and aerobic exercise and was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Health-related physical fitness and metabolic syndrome risk factors were analyzed to elucidate the effect of the circuit training. Significant differences between groups were determined with two-way repeated analysis of variance and paired t-test. As a result of this study, body weight, % body fat, and body mass index in the circuit training group was significantly decreased compared to the control group. All health-related physical fitness indicators such as back strength, sit-up, sit-and-reach, and 1,600 m running time showed relative effects between groups or over time. Among the metabolic syndrome risk factors, waist measurement, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were significantly decreased but blood glucose, high-density lipo-protein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not show any significant difference. Therefore, the present data suggested that circuit training for 12 weeks may be effective in improving physical fitness and preventing metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Woon Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Yeong-Chan Ko
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Tae-Beom Seo
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young-Pyo Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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