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Avesani M, Degrelle B, Di Salvo G, Thambo JB, Iriart X. Vector flow mapping: A review from theory to practice. Echocardiography 2021; 38:1405-1413. [PMID: 34259359 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interest in intra-cardiac blood flow analysis is rapidly growing, and it has encouraged the development of different non-invasive imaging techniques. Among these, Vector Flow Mapping (VFM), combing Color-Doppler imaging and speckle tracking data, seems to be a promising approach, feasible in adult and children population. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to give a historical perspective on the development of VFM method and a summary of the current algorithms and parameters potentially evaluable. Then, we will present the current state-of-the-art of VFM with an overview of clinical studies and applications of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Avesani
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Bastien Degrelle
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France
| | - Giovanni Di Salvo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Jean-Benoit Thambo
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, IHU Liryc, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier Iriart
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, IHU Liryc, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
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Zhu X, Xu L, Zuo L, Wang J, Wang B, Hu R, Zhou M, Zhao X, Lei C, Yang Q, Liu L. Quantitative Analysis of Left Ventricular Flow Dynamics in Latent Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using Vector Flow Mapping. Cardiology 2020; 145:227-235. [PMID: 32097929 DOI: 10.1159/000504665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess left ventricular (LV) energy loss (EL), circulation and vortex area using vector flow mapping (VFM) in patients with latent obstructive hyper-trophic cardiomyopathy (LOHCM) and nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (NOHCM). METHODS Fourteen LOHCM patients, 10 NOHCM patients, and 11 healthy individuals were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography. An offline VFM workstation was used to analyze the LV blood flow patterns and fluid dynamics. The hemodynamic parameters, EL, circulation, and vortex area in 7 cardiac phases were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS Compared with controls and NOHCM patients, EL was significantly higher in -LOHCM patients during the rapid ejection phase, slow ejection (SE) phase, and isovolumetric relaxation phase (p < 0.05). LOHCM patients also showed increased circulation during SE compared to the other two groups (p < 0.05). The ability to discriminate between NOHCM and LOHCM was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and EL during SE was found to have the largest AUC (0.964); the best cutoff value was 6.34 J/m3/s, with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS The VFM technique can detect abnormal changes of LV EL and vortex characteristics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. Compared with controls and NOHCM patients, the LOHCM patients have worse systolic and diastolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhu
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zuo
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyao Zhou
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xueli Zhao
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changhui Lei
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qianli Yang
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Ultrasound Department of Xijing Hospital, Xijing Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,
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Kainuma A, Akiyama K, Naito Y, Hayase K, Hongu H, Itatani K, Yamagishi M, Sawa T. Energetic performance index improvement after Glenn and Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure using vector flow mapping analysis: a case report. JA Clin Rep 2020; 6:5. [PMID: 32026035 PMCID: PMC6973790 DOI: 10.1186/s40981-020-0312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Echocardiography vector flow mapping can assess dynamic flow to treat congenital heart diseases. We evaluated intracardiac flow, energy loss, left ventricular output kinetic energy, and energetic performance index using vector flow mapping during Glenn and Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedures in order to assess the efficacy of the surgery. Case presentation A 9-month-old boy underwent Glenn and Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedures. The energy loss depends on the left ventricular preload; therefore, energy loss decreased after the Glenn procedure. After the Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedure, the kinetic energy would increase owing to the integrated systemic outflow; however, in our case, kinetic energy decreased, which was potentially explained by the fact that kinetic energy also depends on the left ventricular preload. After the Glenn and Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedures, we detected an improvement in energetic performance index, indicating that the cardiac workload improved as well. Conclusion We revealed the efficiency of the Glenn and Damus-Kaye-Stansel procedures using vector flow mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kainuma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Koichi Akiyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, 1 Chome-7-50, Kunijima, Higashiyodogawa Ward, Osaka, 533-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Naito
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative care, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Kazuma Hayase
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Hongu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Keiichi Itatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamagishi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Teiji Sawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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