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Park N, Chung JY, Kim MH, Yang WM. Protective effects of inhalation of essential oils from Mentha piperita leaf on tight junctions and inflammation in allergic rhinitis. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:1012183. [PMID: 36578435 PMCID: PMC9790934 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1012183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common diseases, which is caused by IgE-mediated reactions to inhaled allergens. Essential oils from the Mentha piperita leaf (EOM) are known to be effective for various diseases, such as respiratory diseases. However, the effect of inhalation of EOM on tight junctions and inflammation related to allergic rhinitis is not yet known. The purpose of this research was to explain the effects of the inhalation of EOM on tight junctions and inflammation of allergic rhinitis through network pharmacology and an experimental study. For that purpose, a pharmacology network analysis was conducted comprising major components of EOM. Based on the network pharmacology prediction results, we evaluated the effect of EOM on histological changes in mice with ovalbumin and PM10-induced allergic rhinitis. Allergic symptoms, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and regulation of ZO-1 were investigated in mice with allergic rhinitis. Other allergic parameters were also analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot in nasal epithelial cells. In the network analysis, the effects of EOM were closely related to tight junctions and inflammation in allergic rhinitis. Consistent with the results from the network analysis, EOM significantly decreased epithelial thickness, mast cell degranulation, goblet cell secretion, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells in nasal tissue. EOM also regulated the MAPK-NF-κB signaling pathway, which was related to tight junctions in nasal epithelial cells. This research confirmed that inhalation of EOM effectively restores tight junctions and suppresses inflammation in the allergic rhinitis model. These results reveal that EOM has a therapeutic mechanism to treat allergic rhinitis.
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Lo Bello F, Ieni A, Hansbro PM, Ruggeri P, Di Stefano A, Nucera F, Coppolino I, Monaco F, Tuccari G, Adcock IM, Caramori G. Role of the mucins in pathogenesis of COPD: implications for therapy. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:465-483. [PMID: 32133884 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1739525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence accumulated in the last decade has started to reveal the enormous complexity in the expression, interactions and functions of the large number of different mucins present in the different compartments of the human lower airways. This occurs both in normal subjects and in COPD patients in different clinical phases and stages of severity.Areas covered: We review the known physiological mechanisms that regulate mucin production in human lower airways of normal subjects, the changes in mucin synthesis/secretion in COPD patients and the clinical efficacy of drugs that modulate mucin synthesis/secretion.Expert opinion: It is evident that the old simplistic concept that mucus hypersecretion in COPD patients is associated with negative clinical outcomes is not valid and that the therapeutic potential of 'mucolytic drugs' is under-appreciated due to the complexity of the associated molecular network(s). Likewise, our current knowledge of the effects of the drugs already available on the market that target mucin synthesis/secretion/structure in the lower airways is extremely limited and often indirect and more well-controlled clinical trials are needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Unità Operativa Semplice Dipartimentale di Chirurgia Toracica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), AOU Policlinico "G.martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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