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Durán S, Duch M, Gómez-Martínez R, Fernández-Regúlez M, Agusil JP, Reina M, Müller C, San Paulo Á, Esteve J, Castel S, Plaza JA. Internalization and Viability Studies of Suspended Nanowire Silicon Chips in HeLa Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050893. [PMID: 32392901 PMCID: PMC7279308 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Micrometer-sized silicon chips have been demonstrated to be cell-internalizable, offering the possibility of introducing in cells even smaller nanoelements for intracellular applications. On the other hand, silicon nanowires on extracellular devices have been widely studied as biosensors or drug delivery systems. Here, we propose the integration of silicon nanowires on cell-internalizable chips in order to combine the functional features of both approaches for advanced intracellular applications. As an initial fundamental study, the cellular uptake in HeLa cells of silicon 3 µm × 3 µm nanowire-based chips with two different morphologies was investigated, and the results were compared with those of non-nanostructured silicon chips. Chip internalization without affecting cell viability was achieved in all cases; however, important cell behavior differences were observed. In particular, the first stage of cell internalization was favored by silicon nanowire interfaces with respect to bulk silicon. In addition, chips were found inside membrane vesicles, and some nanowires seemed to penetrate the cytosol, which opens the door to the development of silicon nanowire chips as future intracellular sensors and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Durán
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Marta Duch
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Rodrigo Gómez-Martínez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Marta Fernández-Regúlez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Juan Pablo Agusil
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Manuel Reina
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Claudia Müller
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Álvaro San Paulo
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid, IMM-CNM (CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jaume Esteve
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
| | - Susana Castel
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (C.M.); (S.C.)
| | - José A. Plaza
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (M.D.); (R.G.-M.); (M.F.-R.); (J.P.A.); (J.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935-94-77-00
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Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Goldmann WH. Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 34138062 PMCID: PMC7770757 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical applications. TiO2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement, thermal conversion, specific surface area, and surface activity. This review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies, which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO2 nanostructures, while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for nanomedicine. The biodistribution, toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular adhesion, and endocytosis of these nanostructures, when exposed to biological microenvironments, are examined in regard to their geometry, size, and surface chemistry. The final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO2 nanostructures, specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue regeneration, as well as chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Biophysics Group, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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