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Nguyen HM, Watanabe S, Sharmin S, Kawaguchi T, Tan XE, Wannigama DL, Cui L. RNA and Single-Stranded DNA Phages: Unveiling the Promise from the Underexplored World of Viruses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17029. [PMID: 38069353 PMCID: PMC10707117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) phages make up an understudied subset of bacteriophages that have been rapidly expanding in the last decade thanks to advancements in metaviromics. Since their discovery, applications of genetic engineering to ssDNA and RNA phages have revealed their immense potential for diverse applications in healthcare and biotechnology. In this review, we explore the past and present applications of this underexplored group of phages, particularly their current usage as therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria. We also discuss engineering techniques such as recombinant expression, CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing, and synthetic rebooting of phage-like particles for their role in tailoring phages for disease treatment, imaging, biomaterial development, and delivery systems. Recent breakthroughs in RNA phage engineering techniques are especially highlighted. We conclude with a perspective on challenges and future prospects, emphasizing the untapped diversity of ssDNA and RNA phages and their potential to revolutionize biotechnology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Minh Nguyen
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Sultana Sharmin
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Tomofumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Xin-Ee Tan
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Dhammika Leshan Wannigama
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata 990-2292, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Longzhu Cui
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
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2
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Thongchol J, Lill Z, Hoover Z, Zhang J. Recent Advances in Structural Studies of Single-Stranded RNA Bacteriophages. Viruses 2023; 15:1985. [PMID: 37896763 PMCID: PMC10610835 DOI: 10.3390/v15101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive-sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) bacteriophages (phages) were first isolated six decades ago. Since then, extensive research has been conducted on these ssRNA phages, particularly those infecting E. coli. With small genomes of typically 3-4 kb that usually encode four essential proteins, ssRNA phages employ a straightforward infectious cycle involving host adsorption, genome entry, genome replication, phage assembly, and host lysis. Recent advancements in metagenomics and transcriptomics have led to the identification of ~65,000 sequences from ssRNA phages, expanding our understanding of their prevalence and potential hosts. This review article illuminates significant investigations into ssRNA phages, with a focal point on their structural aspects, providing insights into the various stages of their infectious cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junjie Zhang
- Center for Phage Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.T.); (Z.L.); (Z.H.)
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3
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Hills RA, Howarth M. Virus-like particles against infectious disease and cancer: guidance for the nano-architect. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 73:346-354. [PMID: 34735984 PMCID: PMC8555979 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) can play important roles in prevention and therapy for infectious diseases and cancer. Here we describe recent advances in rational construction of VLP assemblies, as well as new approaches to enhance long-lasting antibody and CD8+ T cell responses. DNA origami and computational protein design identified optimal spacing of antigens. Chemical biology advances enabled simple and irreversible VLP decoration with protein or polysaccharide antigens. Mosaic VLPs co-displayed antigens to generate cross-reactive antibodies against different influenza strains and coronaviruses. The mode of action of adjuvants inside VLPs was established through knock-outs and repackaging of innate immune stimuli. VLPs themselves showed their power as adjuvants in cancer models. Finally, landmark clinical results were obtained against malaria and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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4
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Chang JY, Gorzelnik KV, Thongchol J, Zhang J. Structural Assembly of Qβ Virion and Its Diverse Forms of Virus-like Particles. Viruses 2022; 14:225. [PMID: 35215818 PMCID: PMC8880383 DOI: 10.3390/v14020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The coat proteins (CPs) of single-stranded RNA bacteriophages (ssRNA phages) directly assemble around the genomic RNA (gRNA) to form a near-icosahedral capsid with a single maturation protein (Mat) that binds the gRNA and interacts with the retractile pilus during infection of the host. Understanding the assembly of ssRNA phages is essential for their use in biotechnology, such as RNA protection and delivery. Here, we present the complete gRNA model of the ssRNA phage Qβ, revealing that the 3' untranslated region binds to the Mat and the 4127 nucleotides fold domain-by-domain, and is connected through long-range RNA-RNA interactions, such as kissing loops. Thirty-three operator-like RNA stem-loops are located and primarily interact with the asymmetric A/B CP-dimers, suggesting a pathway for the assembly of the virions. Additionally, we have discovered various forms of the virus-like particles (VLPs), including the canonical T = 3 icosahedral, larger T = 4 icosahedral, prolate, oblate forms, and a small prolate form elongated along the 3-fold axis. These particles are all produced during a normal infection, as well as when overexpressing the CPs. When overexpressing the shorter RNA fragments encoding only the CPs, we observed an increased percentage of the smaller VLPs, which may be sufficient to encapsidate a shorter RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Junjie Zhang
- Center for Phage Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (J.-Y.C.); (K.V.G.); (J.T.)
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5
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Peabody DS, Peabody J, Bradfute SB, Chackerian B. RNA Phage VLP-Based Vaccine Platforms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:764. [PMID: 34451861 PMCID: PMC8401894 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles from a variety of RNA bacteriophages have turned out to be useful platforms for delivery of vaccine antigens in a highly immunogenic format. Here we update the current state of development of RNA phage VLPs as platforms for presentation of diverse antigens by genetic, enzymatic, and chemical display methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Peabody
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (J.P.); (B.C.)
| | - Julianne Peabody
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (J.P.); (B.C.)
| | - Steven B. Bradfute
- Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 505, USA;
| | - Bryce Chackerian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (J.P.); (B.C.)
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6
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Arsın H, Jasilionis A, Dahle H, Sandaa RA, Stokke R, Nordberg Karlsson E, Steen IH. Exploring Codon Adjustment Strategies towards Escherichia coli-Based Production of Viral Proteins Encoded by HTH1, a Novel Prophage of the Marine Bacterium Hypnocyclicus thermotrophus. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071215. [PMID: 34201869 PMCID: PMC8310279 DOI: 10.3390/v13071215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine viral sequence space is immense and presents a promising resource for the discovery of new enzymes interesting for research and biotechnology. However, bottlenecks in the functional annotation of viral genes and soluble heterologous production of proteins hinder access to downstream characterization, subsequently impeding the discovery process. While commonly utilized for the heterologous expression of prokaryotic genes, codon adjustment approaches have not been fully explored for viral genes. Herein, the sequence-based identification of a putative prophage is reported from within the genome of Hypnocyclicus thermotrophus, a Gram-negative, moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from the Seven Sisters hydrothermal vent field. A prophage-associated gene cluster, consisting of 46 protein coding genes, was identified and given the proposed name Hypnocyclicus thermotrophus phage H1 (HTH1). HTH1 was taxonomically assigned to the viral family Siphoviridae, by lowest common ancestor analysis of its genome and phylogeny analyses based on proteins predicted as holin and DNA polymerase. The gene neighbourhood around the HTH1 lytic cassette was found most similar to viruses infecting Gram-positive bacteria. In the HTH1 lytic cassette, an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (Amidase_2) with a peptidoglycan binding motif (LysM) was identified. A total of nine genes coding for enzymes putatively related to lysis, nucleic acid modification and of unknown function were subjected to heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. Codon optimization and codon harmonization approaches were applied in parallel to compare their effects on produced proteins. Comparison of protein yields and thermostability demonstrated that codon optimization yielded higher levels of soluble protein, but codon harmonization led to proteins with higher thermostability, implying a higher folding quality. Altogether, our study suggests that both codon optimization and codon harmonization are valuable approaches for successful heterologous expression of viral genes in E. coli, but codon harmonization may be preferable in obtaining recombinant viral proteins of higher folding quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Arsın
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; (R.-A.S.); (R.S.)
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (I.H.S.); Tel.: +47-555-88-375 (I.H.S.)
| | - Andrius Jasilionis
- Division of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; (A.J.); (E.N.K.)
| | - Håkon Dahle
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;
- Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ruth-Anne Sandaa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; (R.-A.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Runar Stokke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; (R.-A.S.); (R.S.)
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Eva Nordberg Karlsson
- Division of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; (A.J.); (E.N.K.)
| | - Ida Helene Steen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; (R.-A.S.); (R.S.)
- Centre for Deep Sea Research, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (I.H.S.); Tel.: +47-555-88-375 (I.H.S.)
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7
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Rūmnieks J, Liekniņa I, Kalniņš G, Šišovs M, Akopjana I, Bogans J, Tārs K. Three-dimensional structure of 22 uncultured ssRNA bacteriophages: Flexibility of the coat protein fold and variations in particle shapes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/36/eabc0023. [PMID: 32917600 PMCID: PMC7467689 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) bacteriophages are among the simplest known viruses with small genomes and exceptionally high mutation rates. The number of ssRNA phage isolates has remained very low, but recent metagenomic studies have uncovered an immense variety of distinct uncultured ssRNA phages. The coat proteins (CPs) in these genomes are particularly diverse, with notable variation in length and often no recognizable similarity to previously known viruses. We recombinantly expressed metagenome-derived ssRNA phage CPs to produce virus-like particles and determined the three-dimensional structure of 22 previously uncharacterized ssRNA phage capsids covering nine distinct CP types. The structures revealed substantial deviations from the previously known ssRNA phage CP fold, uncovered an unusual prolate particle shape, and revealed a previously unseen dsRNA binding mode. These data expand our knowledge of the evolution of viral structural proteins and are of relevance for applications such as ssRNA phage-based vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jānis Rūmnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilva Liekniņa
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Gints Kalniņš
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Mihails Šišovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ināra Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jānis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tārs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067, Riga, Latvia.
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8
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Liekniņa I, Černova D, Rūmnieks J, Tārs K. Novel ssRNA phage VLP platform for displaying foreign epitopes by genetic fusion. Vaccine 2020; 38:6019-6026. [PMID: 32713683 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) can be used as efficient carriers of various antigens and therefore serve as attractive tools in vaccine development. Although VLPs of different viruses can be used, VLPs of ssRNA phages have convincing advantages due to their unique properties, including efficient protein production in bacterial and yeast expression systems, low production cost and easy and fast purification. Currently, the range of ssRNA phage VLPs is limited. In particular, this is true for VLPs that tolerate insertions at the N- and C-termini of the coat protein. It is therefore necessary to find new alternatives within the known ssRNA phage VLP range. From previous studies, we found approximately 80 new VLPs forming ssRNA phage coat proteins. In the current study, we attached a model peptide to the N- and C-termini of coat proteins. As a model peptide, we used a triple repeat of 23 N-terminal residues of the ectodomain of the influenza M2 protein, used previously in the development of the flu vaccine. Examining 43 novel phage coat proteins for the ability to form chimeric VLPs, we found ten new promising candidates for further vaccine design, five of which were tolerant to insertions at both the N- and C-termini. Furthermore, we demonstrate that most of the chimeric VLPs have good antigenic properties as judged from their reactivity with anti-M2 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilva Liekniņa
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Darja Černova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jānis Rūmnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tārs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia.
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9
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Bleriot I, Trastoy R, Blasco L, Fernández-Cuenca F, Ambroa A, Fernández-García L, Pacios O, Perez-Nadales E, Torre-Cisneros J, Oteo-Iglesias J, Navarro F, Miró E, Pascual A, Bou G, Martínez-Martínez L, Tomas M. Genomic analysis of 40 prophages located in the genomes of 16 carbapenemase-producing clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microb Genom 2020; 6:e000369. [PMID: 32375972 PMCID: PMC7371120 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is the clinically most important species within the genus Klebsiella and, as a result of the continuous emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, the cause of severe nosocomial infections. The decline in the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments for infections caused by MDR bacteria has generated particular interest in the study of bacteriophages. In this study, we characterized a total of 40 temperate bacteriophages (prophages) with a genome range of 11.454-84.199 kb, predicted from 16 carbapenemase-producing clinical strains of K. pneumoniae belonging to different sequence types, previously identified by multilocus sequence typing. These prophages were grouped into the three families in the order Caudovirales (27 prophages belonging to the family Myoviridae, 10 prophages belonging to the family Siphoviridae and 3 prophages belonging to the family Podoviridae). Genomic comparison of the 40 prophage genomes led to the identification of four prophages isolated from different strains and of genome sizes of around 33.3, 36.1, 39.6 and 42.6 kb. These prophages showed sequence similarities (query cover >90 %, identity >99.9 %) with international Microbe Versus Phage (MVP) (http://mvp.medgenius.info/home) clusters 4762, 4901, 3499 and 4280, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary proximity among the members of the four groups of the most frequently identified prophages in the bacterial genomes studied (33.3, 36.1, 39.6 and 42.6 kb), with bootstrap values of 100 %. This allowed the prophages to be classified into three clusters: A, B and C. Interestingly, these temperate bacteriophages did not infect the highest number of strains as indicated by a host-range assay, these results could be explained by the development of superinfection exclusion mechanisms. In addition, bioinformatic analysis of the 40 identified prophages revealed the presence of 2363 proteins. In total, 59.7 % of the proteins identified had a predicted function, mainly involving viral structure, transcription, replication and regulation (lysogenic/lysis). Interestingly, some proteins had putative functions associated with bacterial virulence (toxin expression and efflux pump regulators), phage defence profiles such as toxin-antitoxin modules, an anti-CRISPR/Cas9 protein, TerB protein (from terZABCDE operon) and methyltransferase proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Bleriot
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Rocío Trastoy
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Lucia Blasco
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Felipe Fernández-Cuenca
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Clinical Unit for Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Deparment of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
| | - Antón Ambroa
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Laura Fernández-García
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Olga Pacios
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
| | - Elena Perez-Nadales
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
- Microbiology Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julian Torre-Cisneros
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
- Microbiology Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jesús Oteo-Iglesias
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
- Reference and Research Laboratory for Antibiotic Resistance and Health Care Infections, National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Navarro
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Microbiology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona (Bellaterra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Miró
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Microbiology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona (Bellaterra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Pascual
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Clinical Unit for Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Deparment of Microbiology and Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
| | - German Bou
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Martínez
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
- Microbiology Unit, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maria Tomas
- Microbiology Department, Research Institute Biomedical A Coruña (INIBIC), Hospital A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials (GEMARA), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), Madrid
- Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI, Seville, Spain
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10
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Aves KL, Goksøyr L, Sander AF. Advantages and Prospects of Tag/Catcher Mediated Antigen Display on Capsid-Like Particle-Based Vaccines. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020185. [PMID: 32041299 PMCID: PMC7077247 DOI: 10.3390/v12020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsid-like particles (CLPs) are multimeric, repetitive assemblies of recombinant viral capsid proteins, which are highly immunogenic due to their structural similarity to wild-type viruses. CLPs can be used as molecular scaffolds to enable the presentation of soluble vaccine antigens in a similar structural format, which can significantly increase the immunogenicity of the antigen. CLP-based antigen display can be obtained by various genetic and modular conjugation methods. However, these vary in their versatility as well as efficiency in achieving an immunogenic antigen display. Here, we make a comparative review of the major CLP-based antigen display technologies. The Tag/Catcher-AP205 platform is highlighted as a particularly versatile and efficient technology that offers new qualitative and practical advantages in designing modular CLP vaccines. Finally, we discuss how split-protein Tag/Catcher conjugation systems can help to further propagate and enhance modular CLP vaccine designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara-Lee Aves
- Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.-L.A.); (L.G.)
| | - Louise Goksøyr
- Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.-L.A.); (L.G.)
- AdaptVac Aps, Agern Alle 1, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Adam F. Sander
- Faculty of Health Science, Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.-L.A.); (L.G.)
- AdaptVac Aps, Agern Alle 1, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
ssRNA phages belonging to the family Leviviridae are among the tiniest viruses, infecting various Gram-negative bacteria by adsorption to their pilus structures. Due to their simplicity, they have been intensively studied as models for understanding various problems in molecular biology and virology. Several of the studied ssRNA characteristics, such as coat protein–RNA interactions and the ability to readily form virus-like particles in recombinant expression systems, have fueled many practical applications such as RNA labeling and tracking systems and vaccine development. In this chapter, we review the life cycle, structure and applications of these small yet fascinating viruses.
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Rybicki EP. Plant molecular farming of virus‐like nanoparticles as vaccines and reagents. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 12:e1587. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward P. Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular & Cell Biology University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
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