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Luo A, Liu H, Huang C, Wei S. Exosome-transmitted circular RNA circ-LMO7 facilitates the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating miR-21-5p/ARHGAP24 axis. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2343450. [PMID: 38742566 PMCID: PMC11095575 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2343450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential function and mechanism of circRNAs in regulating malignant performances of Osteosarcoma (OS) cells have not been well investigated. The expression level of CircLMO7, miR-21-5p and ARHGAP24 were detected by RT-qPCR. The relationship between miR-21-5p and circ-LMO7, as well as between miR-21-5p and ARHGAP24, was predicted and examined through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter gene experiments. Moreover, OS cell growth, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell and flow cytometry assays, respectively. ARHGAP24 protein level was measured using western blotting. In present study, we choose to investigate the role and mechanism of circ-LOM7 on OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion. circ-LOM7 was found to be down-regulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Enforced expression of circ-LOM7 suppressed the growth, invasion, and migration of OS cells. In contrast, decreasing circ-LMO7 expression had opposite effects. Furthermore, miR-21-5p was predicted to be sponged by circ-LMO7, and had an opposite role of circ-LMO7 in OS. Moreover, ARHGAP24 served as miR-21-5p's downstream target. Mechanistically, circ-LMO7 was packed in exosomes and acted as a cancer-suppresser on OS by sponging miR-21-5p and upregulating the expression of ARHGAP24. The exosomal circ-LMO7 expression was significantly decreased in OS cell exosomes, and co-culture experiments showed that exosomal circ-LMO7 suppressed the proliferation ability of OS cells. Circ-LMO7 exerts as a tumor suppressor in OS, and the circ-LMO7/miR-21-5P/ARHGAP24 axis is involved in OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyu Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wu D, Yin H, Yang C, Zhang Z, Fang F, Wang J, Li X, Xie Y, Hu X, Zhuo R, Chen Y, Yu J, Li T, Li G, Pan J. The BET PROTAC inhibitor GNE-987 displays anti-tumor effects by targeting super-enhancers regulated gene in osteosarcoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:928. [PMID: 39090568 PMCID: PMC11292958 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common primary malignant tumors of bone in children, which develops from osteoblasts and typically occurs during the rapid growth phase of the bone. Recently, Super-Enhancers(SEs)have been reported to play a crucial role in osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify specific targeted inhibitors of SEs to assist clinical therapy. This study aimed to elucidate the role of BRD4 inhibitor GNE-987 targeting SEs in OS and preliminarily explore its mechanism. METHODS We evaluated changes in osteosarcoma cells following treatment with a BRD4 inhibitor GNE-987. We assessed the anti-tumor effect of GNE-987 in vitro and in vivo by Western blot, CCK8, flow cytometry detection, clone formation, xenograft tumor size measurements, and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining, and combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq techniques to find its anti-tumor mechanism. RESULTS In this study, we found that extremely low concentrations of GNE-987(2-10 nM) significantly reduced the proliferation and survival of OS cells by degrading BRD4. In addition, we found that GNE-987 markedly induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in OS cells. Further study indicated that VHL was critical for GNE-987 to exert its antitumor effect in OS cells. Consistent with in vitro results, GNE-987 administration significantly reduced tumor size in xenograft models with minimal toxicity, and partially degraded the BRD4 protein. KRT80 was identified through analysis of the RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data. U2OS HiC analysis suggested a higher frequency of chromatin interactions near the KRT80 binding site. The enrichment of H3K27ac modification at KRT80 was significantly reduced after GNE-987 treatment. KRT80 was identified as playing an important role in OS occurrence and development. CONCLUSIONS This research revealed that GNE-987 selectively degraded BRD4 and disrupted the transcriptional regulation of oncogenes in OS. GNE-987 has the potential to affect KRT80 against OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Hongli Yin
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Zimu Zhang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Xiaohan Hu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Juanjuan Yu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Tiandan Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China
| | - Gen Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China.
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No.92 Zhongnan Street, SIP, Suzhou, 215003, China.
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3
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Yi C, Liu J, Zhao S, Gong D, Xu B, Li A, Bian E, Tian D. Identification of a pro-protein synthesis osteosarcoma subtype for predicting prognosis and treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16475. [PMID: 39014082 PMCID: PMC11252356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a heterogeneous malignant spindle cell tumor that is aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Although combining surgery and chemotherapy has significantly improved patient outcomes, the prognosis for OS patients with metastatic or recurrent OS has remained unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is imperative to gain a fresh perspective on OS development mechanisms and treatment strategies. After studying single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data in public databases, we identified seven OS subclonal types based on intra-tumor heterogeneity. Subsequently, we constructed a prognostic model based on pro-protein synthesis osteosarcoma (PPS-OS)-associated genes. Correlation analysis showed that the prognostic model performs extremely well in predicting OS patient prognosis. We also demonstrated that the independent risk factors for the prognosis of OS patients were tumor primary site, metastatic status, and risk score. Based on these factors, nomograms were constructed for predicting the 3- and 5-year survival rates. Afterward, the investigation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) revealed the vital roles of γδ T-cell and B-cell activation. Drug sensitivity analysis and immune checkpoint analysis identified drugs that have potential application value in OS. Finally, the jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) gene was selected for experimental validation. JTB silencing suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells. Therefore, our research suggests that PPS-OS-related genes facilitate the malignant progression of OS and may be employed as prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shibing Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Deliang Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Bohan Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Erbao Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Dasheng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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4
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Xu H, Xu D, Zheng Y, Wang H, Li A, Zheng X. Investigation of prognostic values of immune infiltration and LGMN expression in the microenvironment of osteosarcoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:275. [PMID: 38980440 PMCID: PMC11233489 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary malignant bone tumor, predominantly affects children and young adults and is characterized by high invasiveness and poor prognosis. Despite therapeutic advancements, the survival rate remains suboptimal, indicating an urgent need for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of LGMN expression and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment of OS. METHODS We performed an integrative bioinformatics analysis utilizing the GEO and TARGET-OS databases to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with LGMN in OS. We conducted Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to explore the biological pathways and functions. Additionally, we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, and applied the CIBERSORT algorithm to quantify immune cell infiltration. The diagnostic and prognostic values of LGMN were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, we employed Consensus Clustering Analysis to explore the heterogeneity within OS samples based on LGMN expression. RESULTS The analysis revealed significant upregulation of LGMN in OS tissues. DEGs were enriched in immune response and antigen processing pathways, suggesting LGMN's role in immune modulation within the TME. The PPI and ceRNA network analyses provided insights into the regulatory mechanisms involving LGMN. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated a correlation between high LGMN expression and increased abundance of M2 macrophages, implicating an immunosuppressive role. The diagnostic AUC for LGMN was 0.799, demonstrating its potential as a diagnostic biomarker. High LGMN expression correlated with reduced overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Importantly, Consensus Clustering Analysis identified two distinct subtypes of OS, highlighting the heterogeneity and potential for personalized medicine approaches. CONCLUSIONS Our study underscores the prognostic value of LGMN in osteosarcoma and its potential as a therapeutic target. The identification of LGMN-associated immune cell subsets and the discovery of distinct OS subtypes through Consensus Clustering Analysis provide new avenues for understanding the immunosuppressive TME of OS and may aid in the development of personalized treatment strategies. Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfu Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfu Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinfeng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfu Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, No. 396, Tongfu Middle Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Fan Z, Dong S, Wang N, Khawar MB, Wang J, Sun H. Unlocking epigenetics for precision treatment of Ewing's sarcoma. Chin J Cancer Res 2024; 36:322-340. [PMID: 38988487 PMCID: PMC11230886 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.03.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is a highly aggressive malignant bone tumor primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. Despite the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in some cases, the cure rate for patients with metastatic and recurrent disease remains low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches to address the challenges associated with EWS treatment. Epigenetic regulation, a crucial factor in physiological processes, plays a significant role in controlling cell proliferation, maintaining gene integrity, and regulating transcription. Recent studies highlight the importance of abnormal epigenetic regulation in the initiation and progression of EWS. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between EWS and aberrant epigenetic regulation is essential for advancing clinical drug development. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of both epigenetic targets implicated in EWS, integrating various therapeutic modalities to offer innovative perspectives for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of EWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Department of Pathology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Muhammad Babar Khawar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
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6
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Zhao T, Tian T, Yu H, Cao C, Zhang Z, He Z, Ma Z, Cai R, Li F, Pang W. Identification of porcine fast/slow myogenic exosomes and their regulatory effects on lipid accumulation in intramuscular adipocytes. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:73. [PMID: 38824596 PMCID: PMC11144342 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pork quality is affected by the type of muscle fibers, which is closely related to meat color, tenderness and juiciness. Exosomes are tiny vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30-150 nm that are secreted by cells and taken up by recipient cells to mediate communication. Exosome-mediated muscle-fat tissue crosstalk is a newly discovered mechanism that may have an important effect on intramuscular fat deposition and with that on meat quality. Various of adipose tissue-derived exosomes have been discovered and identified, but the identification and function of muscle exosomes, especially porcine fast/slow myotube exosomes, remain unclear. Here, we first isolated and identified exosomes secreted from porcine extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL), which represent fast and slow muscle, respectively, and further explored their effects on lipid accumulation in longissimus dorsi adipocytes. RESULTS Porcine SOL-derived exosomes (SOL-EXO) and EDL-derived exosomes (EDL-EXO) were first identified and their average particle sizes were approximately 84 nm with double-membrane disc- shapes as observed via transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the intramuscular fat content of the SOL was greater than that of the EDL at 180 days of age, because SOL intramuscular adipocytes had a stronger lipid-accumulating capacity than those of the EDL. Raman spectral analysis revealed that SOL-EXO protein content was much greater than that of EDL-EXO. Proteomic sequencing identified 72 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed between SOL-EXO and EDL-EXO, 31 of which were downregulated and 41 of which were upregulated in SOL-EXO. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that muscle-fat tissue interactions occur partly via SOL-EXO promoting adipogenic activity of intramuscular adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhao
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - He Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaoyue Cao
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaozhao He
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zeqiang Ma
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengna Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Scognamiglio F, Pizzolitto C, Romano M, Teti G, Zara S, Conz M, Donati I, Porrelli D, Falconi M, Marsich E. "A lactose-modified chitosan accelerates chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells spheroids". BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213849. [PMID: 38599041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Spheroids derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are of limited use for cartilage regeneration, as the viability of the cells progressively decreases during the period required for chondrogenic differentiation (21 days). In this work, spheroids based on hMSCs and a lactose-modified chitosan (CTL) were formed by seeding cells onto an air-dried coating of CTL. The polymer coating can inhibit cell adhesion and it is simultaneously incorporated into spheroid structure. CTL-spheroids were characterized from a morphological and biological perspective, and their properties were compared with those of spheroids obtained by seeding the cells onto a non-adherent surface (agar gel). Compared to the latter, smaller and more viable spheroids form in the presence of CTL as early as 4 days of culture. At this time point, analysis of stem cells differentiation in spheroids showed a remarkable increase in collagen type-2 (COL2A1) gene expression (~700-fold compared to day 0), whereas only a 2-fold increase was observed in the control spheroids at day 21. These results were confirmed by histological and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, which showed that in CTL-spheroids an early deposition of collagen with a banding structure already occurred at day 7. Overall, these results support the use of CTL-spheroids as a novel system for cartilage regeneration, characterized by increased cell viability and differentiation capacity within a short time-frame. This will pave the way for approaches aimed at increasing the success rate of procedures and reducing the time required for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Scognamiglio
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - C Pizzolitto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
| | - M Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 28, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - G Teti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Zara
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - M Conz
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - I Donati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - D Porrelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
| | - M Falconi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - E Marsich
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.
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8
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Chen H, Gong Z, Zhou H, Han Y. Deciphering chemoresistance in osteosarcoma: Unveiling regulatory mechanisms and function through the lens of noncoding RNA. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22167. [PMID: 38444106 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor and is prevalent in children, adolescents, and elderly individuals. It has the characteristics of high invasion and metastasis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical resection is the most commonly used treatment for OS. However, the efficacy of OS is considerably diminished by chemotherapy resistance. In recent years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are hot topics in the field of chemotherapy resistance research. Several studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs are substantially associated with chemoresistance in OS. Thus, the present study overviews the abnormally expressed ncRNAs in OS and the molecular mechanisms involved in chemoresistance, with an emphasis on their function in promoting or inhibiting chemoresistance. ncRNAs are expected to become potential therapeutic targets for overcoming drug resistance and predictive biomarkers in OS, which are of great significance for enhancing the therapeutic effect and improving the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhujun Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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9
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Jiang Y, Ning Y, Cheng S, Huang Y, Deng M, Chen C. Single-cell aggrephagy-related patterns facilitate tumor microenvironment intercellular communication, influencing osteosarcoma progression and prognosis. Apoptosis 2024; 29:521-535. [PMID: 38066392 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a common malignant tumor in children, has emerged as a major threat to the life and health of pediatric patients. Presently, there are certain limitations in the diagnosis and treatment methods for this disease, resulting in inferior therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is of great importance to study its pathogenesis and explore innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment. In this study, a non-negative matrix decomposition method was employed to conduct a comprehensive investigation and analysis of aggregated autophagy-related genes within 331,394 single-cell samples of osteosarcoma. Through this study, we have elucidated the intricate communication patterns among various cells within the tumor microenvironment. Based on the classification of aggregated autophagy-related genes, we are not only able to more accurately predict patients' prognosis but also offer robust guidance for treatment strategies. The findings of this study hold promise for breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma, intervention of aggrephagy is expected to improve the survival rate and quality of life of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Jiang
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yun Ning
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shidi Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing, 400012, China
| | - Yinde Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Muhai Deng
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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10
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Sha G, Zhang W, Jiang Z, Zhao Q, Wang D, Tang D. Exosomal non-coding RNA: A new frontier in diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130149. [PMID: 38365161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the most fatal malignancy worldwide. Once diagnosed, most patients are already at an advanced stage because of their highly heterogeneous, drug-resistant, and metastatic nature and the lack of effective diagnostic markers. Recently, the study of proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance mechanisms in pancreatic cancer and the search for useful diagnostic markers have posed significant challenges to the scientific community. Exosomes carry various biomolecules (DNA, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, and lipids) that mediate communication between tumors and other cells. ncRNAs can be transported through exosomes to numerous relevant receptor cells and regulate local epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor tissue, proliferation, drug resistance, and the establishment of pre-metastatic ecological niches in distant organs. In summary, exosomal ncRNAs promote tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through multiple EMT, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodeling pathways. Moreover, we discuss the significant therapeutic significance of exosomal ncRNAs as PC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyu Sha
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Zhengting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China.
| | - Daorong Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China; Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Dong Tang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225000, China; Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225000, China.
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11
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Gao J, Xu P, Wang F, Zhang W, Min M, Urba R, Fan L. Revealing the pharmacological effects of Remodelin against osteosarcoma based on network pharmacology, acRIP-seq and experimental validation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3577. [PMID: 38347067 PMCID: PMC10861577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Remodelin, an inhibitor of the N (4)-Acetylcytidine (ac4C) acetylation modifying enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), has been shown to have therapeutic effects on cancer in several studies, and our previous studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of Remodelin on OS cells, however, the mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. We used network pharmacological analysis to quantify the therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. acRIP-seq and RNA-seq were performed to investigate the inhibitory activity of Remodelin on acetylation and its effect on the transcriptome after intervening in OS cells U2OS with Remodelin in vitro. Key target genes were deduced based on their pharmacological properties, combined with network pharmacology results and sequencing results. Finally, the deduced target genes were validated with vitro experiments. Network pharmacological analysis showed that 2291 OS-related target genes and 369 Remodelin-related target genes were obtained, and 116 overlapping genes were identified as Remodelin targets for OS treatment. Sequencing results showed that a total of 13,736 statistically significant ac4C modification peaks were detected by acRIP-seq, including 6938 hypoacetylation modifications and 6798 hyperacetylation modifications. A total of 2350 statistically significant mRNAs were detected by RNA-seq, of which 830 were up-regulated and 1520 were down-regulated. Association analyses identified a total of 382 genes that were Hypoacetylated-down, consistent with inhibition of mRNA acetylation and expression by Remodelin. Five genes, CASP3, ESR2, FGFR2, IGF1 and MAPK1, were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. Finally, in vitro experiments, CCK-8 and qRT-PCR demonstrated that Remodelin indeed inhibited the proliferation of OS cells and reduced the expression of three genes: ESR2, IGF1, and MAPK1. In conclusion, ESR2, IGF1 and MAPK1 were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. This reveals the target of Remodelin's pharmacological action on OS and provides new ideas for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peili Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meipeng Min
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rafi Urba
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Tang L, Yuan L, Yan J, Ge J, Lian Z, Li Z. circ_0029463 promotes osteoclast differentiation by mediating miR-134-5p/Rab27a axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:128. [PMID: 38326867 PMCID: PMC10851473 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis is the imbalance in bone homeostasis between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this study, we investigated the effects of the circ_0029463/miR-134-5p/Rab27a axis on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. METHODS RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of circ_0029463, miR-134-5p, and Rab27a in tissues from patients with osteoporosis and in RANKL-induced osteoclasts. Osteoclast differentiation was verified by TRAP staining. Osteoclast biomarkers, including NFATc1, TRAP, and CTSK, were measured. The target and regulatory relationships between circ_0029463, miR-134-5p, and the Rab27a axis were verified using RIP, dual-luciferase reporter gene, and RNA pull-down assays. RESULTS Elevated expression of circ_0029463 and Rab27a and decreased miR-134-5p expression were observed in the tissues of patients with osteoporosis, and a similar expression pattern was observed in RANKL-induced osteoclasts. Suppression of circ_0029463 expression or miR-134-5p overexpression curbed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, whereas such an effect was abolished by Rab27 overexpression. circ_0029463 sponges miR-134-5p to induce Rab27a expression. CONCLUSION circ_0029463 sponges miR-134-5p to abolish its suppressive effect of miR-134-5p on Rab27a expression, thereby promoting osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Clinical Skills Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Lian
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Stem Cell Immunity and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Akshaya RL, Saranya I, Salomi GM, Shanthi P, Ilangovan R, Venkataraman P, Selvamurugan N. In vivo validation of the functional role of MicroRNA-4638-3p in breast cancer bone metastasis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:63. [PMID: 38300343 PMCID: PMC10834561 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Skeletal metastases are increasingly reported in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (BC) patients. We previously reported that TGF-β1 sustains activating transcription factor 3(ATF3) expression and is required for cell proliferation, invasion, and bone metastasis genes. Increasing studies suggest the critical regulatory function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in governing BC pathogenesis. TGF-β1 downregulated the expression of miR-4638-3p, which targets ATF3 in human BC cells (MDA-MB-231). In the present study, we aimed to identify the functional role of miR-4638-3p in BC bone metastasis by the caudal artery injection of the MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing mir-4638 in the mice. METHODS MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing miR-4638 were prepared by stable transfections. Reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR was carried out to determine the expression of endogenous miR-4638-3p and bone resorption marker genes. X-ray, micro-CT, and Hematoxylin & Eosin studies were used to determine osteolytic lesions, trabecular structure, bone mineral density, and micrometastasis of cells. RESULTS The mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing miR-4638-3p decreased the expression of bone resorption marker genes, compared to MDA-MB-231 cells injection. Reduced osteolytic lesions and restored bone density by MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing miR-4638-3p were observed. Similarly, the mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing miR-4638-3p showed a better microarchitecture of the trabecular network. A few abnormal cells seen in the femur of MDA-MB-231 cells-injected mice were not found in MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing miR-4638. CONCLUSION The identified functional role of ATF3 targeting miR-4638-3p in BC bone metastasis in vivo suggests its candidature as BC therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Akshaya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - I Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - G Margaret Salomi
- SRM-DBT Platform, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India
| | - P Shanthi
- Department of Pathology, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Ilangovan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Venkataraman
- Department of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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14
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Yu J, Sane S, Kim JE, Yun S, Kim HJ, Jo KB, Wright JP, Khoshdoozmasouleh N, Lee K, Oh HT, Thiel K, Parvin A, Williams X, Hannon C, Lee H, Kim DK. Biogenesis and delivery of extracellular vesicles: harnessing the power of EVs for diagnostics and therapeutics. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1330400. [PMID: 38234582 PMCID: PMC10791869 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1330400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by a variety of cell types. These vesicles encapsulate a diverse range of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites, and even organelles derived from their parental cells. While EVs have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, they also hold immense potential as both biomarkers and therapeutic agents for numerous diseases. A thorough understanding of EV biogenesis is crucial for the development of EV-based diagnostic developments since the composition of EVs can reflect the health and disease status of the donor cell. Moreover, when EVs are taken up by target cells, they can exert profound effects on gene expression, signaling pathways, and cellular behavior, which makes these biomolecules enticing targets for therapeutic interventions. Yet, despite decades of research, the intricate processes underlying EV biogenesis by donor cells and subsequent uptake by recipient cells remain poorly understood. In this review, we aim to summarize current insights and advancements in the biogenesis and uptake mechanisms of EVs. By shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms governing EV biogenesis and delivery, this review underscores the potential of basic mechanistic research to pave the way for developing novel diagnostic strategies and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jivin Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Saba Sane
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehee Yun
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jai Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Beom Jo
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jacob P. Wright
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
- College of Arts and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Nooshin Khoshdoozmasouleh
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kunwoo Lee
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ho Taek Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keaton Thiel
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Afrin Parvin
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Xavier Williams
- Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Studios Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Claire Hannon
- Applied Technology Laboratory for Advanced Surgery (ATLAS) Studios Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hunsang Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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15
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Meng C, Yang Y, Feng W, Ma P, Bai R. Exosomal miR-331-3p derived from chemoresistant osteosarcoma cells induces chemoresistance through autophagy. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:892. [PMID: 37993925 PMCID: PMC10666460 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor, and chemotherapy can effectively improve the prognosis. MicroRNA-331 (MiR-331) is associated with poor cancer outcomes. However, the role of miR-331 in osteosarcoma remains to be explored. METHODS Drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells were cultured, and their exosomes were purified. The secretion and uptake of exosomes by drug-resistant osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma cells were confirmed using a fluorescence tracking assay and Transwell experiments. The effects of drug-resistant exosomes on cell proliferation were determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. siRNA-Drosha and neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor GW4869 were used to determine the transfer of miRNAs. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect the role of autophagy in the regulation of drug-resistant cell-derived exosomal miR-331-3p. RESULTS Exosomal miR-331-3p levels in drug-resistant cells were higher than in exosomes from osteosarcoma cells. The exosomes secreted by the drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells could be absorbed by osteosarcoma cells, leading to acquired drug resistance in previously non-resistance cells. Inhibition of miRNAs resulted in reduced transmission of drug resistance transmission by exosomes. Exosomes from drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells transfected with siRNA-Drosha or treated by GW4869 could not enhance the proliferation of MG63 and HOS cells. Finally, miR-331-3p in the exosomes secreted by drug-resistant osteosarcoma cells could induce autophagy of osteosarcoma cells, allowing them to acquire drug resistance. The inhibition of miR-331-3p decreased drug resistance of osteosarcoma cells. CONCLUSION Exosomes secreted from chemoresistant osteosarcoma cells promote drug resistance through miR-331-3p and autophagy. Inhibition of miR-331-3p could be used to alleviate drug resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Penglei Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Rui Bai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
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16
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Li G, Yan X. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 promotes cisplatin-chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells via microRNA-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:890. [PMID: 37993867 PMCID: PMC10666340 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor. Cisplatin (DDP) achieves a high response rate in osteosarcoma. Here we aim to study the dysregulation of long non-coding RNA the growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), and its roles in DDP-resistance of osteosarcoma. The expression of mRNA and microRNA in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression levels were measured by western blotting assay. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine were used to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometer assay was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The interactions between miR-26b-5p and GAS5 or tumor protein p53-induced nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) were verified by dual luciferase reporter along with biotin RNA pull-down assays. GAS5 was identified to be significantly lowly expressed in osteosarcoma samples especially in cisplatin-resistant (DDP-resistant) tissues. GAS5 was also downregulated in DDP-resistant cells. Over-expressed GAS5 prominently increased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP in vitro. Furthermore, over-expression of GAS5 suppressed cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. Mechanistically, GAS5 sponged miR-26b-5p, over-expression of which reversed the effects of GAS5 on cell proliferation and apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. In addition, miR-26b-5p targeted TP53INP1. TP53INP1 abrogated the functions of miR-26b-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis in DDP-resistant cells. Taken together, GAS5 enhanced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP via GAS5/miR-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. Therefore, GAS5 may be a potential indicator for the management of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Yan
- Respiration Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China.
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17
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Guo L, Quan M, Pang W, Yin Y, Li F. Cytokines and exosomal miRNAs in skeletal muscle-adipose crosstalk. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:666-681. [PMID: 37599201 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissues (ATs) are secretory organs that release secretory factors including cytokines and exosomes. These factors mediate muscle-adipose crosstalk to regulate systemic metabolism via paracrine and endocrine pathways. Myokines and adipokines are cytokines secreted by skeletal muscle and ATs, respectively. Exosomes loaded with nucleic acids, proteins, lipid droplets, and organelles can fuse with the cytoplasm of target cells to perform regulatory functions. A major regulatory component of exosomes is miRNA. In addition, numerous novel myokines and adipokines have been identified through technological innovations. These discoveries have identified new biomarkers and sparked new insights into the molecular regulation of skeletal muscle growth and adipose deposition. The knowledge may contribute to potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Guo
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Menchus Quan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Weijun Pang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fengna Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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18
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Zheng F, Ye C, Ge R, Wang Y, Tian XL, Chen Q, Li YH, Zhu GQ, Zhou B. MiR-21-3p in extracellular vesicles from vascular fibroblasts of spontaneously hypertensive rat promotes proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Life Sci 2023; 330:122023. [PMID: 37579834 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to vascular remodeling in hypertension. Adventitial fibroblasts (AFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) modulate vascular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). This study shows the important roles of EVs-mediated miR-21-3p transfer in VSMC proliferation and migration and underlying mechanisms in SHR. AFs and VSMCs were obtained from aorta of Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) and SHR. EVs were separated from AFs culture with ultracentrifugation method. MiR-21-3p content in the EVs of SHR was increased compared with those of WKY. MiR-21-3p mimic promoted VSMC proliferation and migration of WKY and SHR, while miR-21-3p inhibitor attenuated proliferation and migration only in the VSMCs of SHR. EVs of SHR stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration, which were attenuated by miR-21-3p inhibitor. Sorbin and SH3 domain containing 2 (SORBS2) mRNA and protein levels were reduced in the VSMCs of SHR. MiR-21-3p mimic inhibited, while miR-21-3p inhibitor promoted SORBS2 expressions in the VSMCs of both WKY and SHR. EVs of SHR reduced SORBS2 expression, which was prevented by miR-21-3p inhibitor. EVs of WKY had no significant effect on SORBS2 expressions. SORBS2 overexpression attenuated the roles of miR-21-3p mimic and EVs of SHR in promoting VSMC proliferation and migration of SHR. Overexpression of miR-21-3p in vivo promotes vascular remodeling and hypertension. These results indicate that miR-21-3p in the EVs of SHR promotes VSMC proliferation and migration via negatively regulating SORBS2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Tian
- Department of Pathology, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Bing Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China.
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19
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Wang F, Gu Z, Yin Z, Zhang W, Bai L, Su J. Cell unit-inspired natural nano-based biomaterials as versatile building blocks for bone/cartilage regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:293. [PMID: 37620914 PMCID: PMC10463900 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of weight-bearing bone defects and critical-sized cartilage defects remains a significant challenge. A wide range of nano-biomaterials are available for the treatment of bone/cartilage defects. However, their poor compatibility and biodegradability pose challenges to the practical applications of these nano-based biomaterials. Natural biomaterials inspired by the cell units (e.g., nucleic acids and proteins), have gained increasing attention in recent decades due to their versatile functionality, compatibility, biodegradability, and great potential for modification, combination, and hybridization. In the field of bone/cartilage regeneration, natural nano-based biomaterials have presented an unparalleled role in providing optimal cues and microenvironments for cell growth and differentiation. In this review, we systematically summarize the versatile building blocks inspired by the cell unit used as natural nano-based biomaterials in bone/cartilage regeneration, including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and membranes. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of natural nano-based biomaterials for the future use of bone/cartilage regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhengrong Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guangzhou, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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20
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Jiang J, Zhan X, Wei J, Fan Q, Li H, Li H, Li S, Zhao Y, Yin G, Tang L, Wu Y, Lan M, Qin Y, Guo Q, Xu W, Lu L, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Qu H. Artificial intelligence reveals dysregulation of osteosarcoma and cuproptosis-related biomarkers, PDHA1, CDKN2A and neutrophils. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4927. [PMID: 36967449 PMCID: PMC10040405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32195-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the impact of cuproptosis-related genes in the study of osteosarcoma is largely unknown. Genome-wide data of osteosarcoma and controls were downloaded from 3 different databases, and specific diagnostic models associated with cuproptosis in osteosarcoma were constructed by support vector machines with artificial intelligence, random forest trees and LASSO regression. Differential analysis of immune cell infiltration was examined using routine blood data from 25,665 cases. Differential expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and PCR. PDHA1 and CDKN2A were obtained as specific cuproptosis-related biomarkers for osteosarcoma after artificial intelligence analysis. PDHA1, CDKN2A and neutrophils were differentially expressed in OS and control groups. PDHA1 and CDKN2A are significantly dysregulated in OS and are able to serve as biomarkers of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Wei
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qie Fan
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haowen Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yin
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Wu
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mindong Lan
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijue Qin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haishun Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Li Q, Bu Y, Shao H, Li W, Zhao D, Wang J. Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on cardiomyoblast hypoxia-reperfusion injury through the HAND2-AS1/miR-17-5p/Mfn2 axis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:114. [PMID: 36882677 PMCID: PMC9993697 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exosomes (exos) of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an important therapeutic role in repairing myocardial injury. The purpose of this study was to explore how the exos of BMSCs can alleviate the myocardial cell injury caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) through HAND2-AS1/miR-17-5p/Mfn 2 pathway. METHODS Cardiomyocytes H9c2 were damaged by H/R to mimic myocardial damage. Exos were gained from BMSC. The content of HAND2-AS1 and miR-17-5p was assessed by RT-qPCR. Cell survival rate and apoptosis were estimated by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of protein. The contents of LDH, SOD, and MDA in the cell culture were detected by commercial kits. The luciferase reporter gene method confirmed the targeted relationships. RESULTS In H9c2 cells induced by H/R, the level of HAND2-AS1 declined and the expression of miR-17-5p was elevated, but their expression was reversed after exo treatment. Exos improved the cell viability, declined cell apoptosis, controlled the oxidative stress, and repressed inflammation, thus attenuating the damage of H9c2 induced by H/R, whereas, the knockdown of HAND2-AS1 partly alleviated the impacts of exos. MiR-17-5p played the opposite role to HAND2-AS1 on H/R-injured myocardial cells. CONCLUSION Exos derived from BMSC could alleviate H/R-induced myocardial injury by activating HAND2-AS1/miR-17-5p/Mfn2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, 27 Taishun street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, China.
| | - Yanling Bu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161099, China
| | - Haifeng Shao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, 27 Taishun street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, 27 Taishun street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, 27 Taishun street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, 27 Taishun street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, China
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22
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The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Regulating the Plasticity of Osteosarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416155. [PMID: 36555795 PMCID: PMC9788144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignancy that is becoming increasingly common in adolescents. OS stem cells (OSCs) form a dynamic subset of OS cells that are responsible for malignant progression and chemoradiotherapy resistance. The unique properties of OSCs, including self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and metastatic potential, 149 depend closely on their tumor microenvironment. In recent years, the likelihood of its dynamic plasticity has been extensively studied. Importantly, the tumor microenvironment appears to act as the main regulatory component of OS cell plasticity. For these reasons aforementioned, novel strategies for OS treatment focusing on modulating OS cell plasticity and the possibility of modulating the composition of the tumor microenvironment are currently being explored. In this paper, we review recent studies describing the phenomenon of OSCs and factors known to influence phenotypic plasticity. The microenvironment, which can regulate OSC plasticity, has great potential for clinical exploitation and provides different perspectives for drug and treatment design for OS.
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23
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Tamura T, Yoshioka Y, Sakamoto S, Ichikawa T, Ochiya T. Extracellular vesicles in bone homeostasis: key roles of physiological and pathological conditions. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 41:345-357. [PMID: 35943593 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles with lipid bilayer membranes that are secreted by all cell types and are widely known as crucial intercellular communication mediators, shuttling biologically active molecules. The bone is a typically preferred site of cancer metastasis due to its unique cellular compositions and dynamics. Bone cell-derived EVs serve as regulators that orchestrate harmonious bone homeostasis. Cancer cells secrete specific EVs in a series of the bone metastatic process to dominate the bone microenvironment. Additionally, cancer cell-related EVs contribute to pre-metastatic niche formation, bone homeostasis disruption, and tumor bone progression and survival. Here, we investigated recent studies on EV-mediated crosstalk in the bone tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, this review aimed to elucidate the EV-based therapeutic perspectives for bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
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24
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Tao H, Tao Y, Yang C, Li W, Zhang W, Li X, Gu Y, Hong Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Yang X, Geng D. Gut Metabolite Urolithin A Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Senile Osteoporosis by Enhancing the Autophagy Capacity of Bone Marrow Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875611. [PMID: 35645801 PMCID: PMC9135380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a systemic bone disease that is significantly associated with age and eventually leads to deteriorated bone strength and increased fracture risk. Urolithin A (Uro-A) is a gut microbiome-derived compound that is mainly produced from pomegranates and some nuts. Uro-A has attracted great attention in recent years in view of its protective effects on aging-related diseases, including muscle dysfunction, kidney disease and knee injury. However, its protective influence and possible mechanisms in senile osteoporosis remain unclear. Our study describes the beneficial effect of Uro-A on bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). The in vitro results demonstrated that Uro-A inhibited receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in BMMs in a concentration-dependent manner. Uro-A significantly reduced the expression of osteoclast-related genes and bone resorption. Mechanistically, we found that the autophagy ability of BMMs was significantly enhanced in the early stage of Uro-A treatment, accompanied by the activation of LC3 and Beclin 1. At the same time, this enhanced autophagy activity was maintained until the later stage after stimulation with RANKL. Furthermore, we found that the MARK signaling pathway was blocked by Uro-A treatment. In a mouse model of aging, Uro-A effectively inhibited bone loss in the proximal femur, spine and tibia of aging mice. These results indicated that Uro-A is a robust and effective treatment for preventing senile osteoporosis bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiang Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Anesthesiology Department, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, China
| | - Yujing Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Suzhou Municipal Hospital (North District), Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, China
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25
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Verhulst E, Garnier D, De Meester I, Bauvois B. Validating Cell Surface Proteases as Drug Targets for Cancer Therapy: What Do We Know, and Where Do We Go? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030624. [PMID: 35158891 PMCID: PMC8833564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell surface proteases (so-called ectoproteases) are associated with cancer, and their targeting may confer valuable options for the improvement of cancer treatment outcome. Over the past 20 years, the permanent development of a multitude of inhibitors against several ectoproteases (including DPP4, FAP, APN, ADAM17, MMP2, and MMP9) has made it into clinical evaluation in haematological and solid tumours. Among them, a few show some efficacy, albeit limited, to cure cancer in the near future. This Review summarizes the efforts thus far undertaken in the development of ectoprotease inhibitors and highlights new directions for targeting ectoproteases as an additional weapon in the fight against cancer. Abstract Cell surface proteases (also known as ectoproteases) are transmembrane and membrane-bound enzymes involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Several members, most notably dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4/CD26) and its related family member fibroblast activation protein (FAP), aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13), a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17/TACE), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP2 and MMP9, are often overexpressed in cancers and have been associated with tumour dysfunction. With multifaceted actions, these ectoproteases have been validated as therapeutic targets for cancer. Numerous inhibitors have been developed to target these enzymes, attempting to control their enzymatic activity. Even though clinical trials with these compounds did not show the expected results in most cases, the field of ectoprotease inhibitors is growing. This review summarizes the current knowledge on this subject and highlights the recent development of more effective and selective drugs targeting ectoproteases among which small molecular weight inhibitors, peptide conjugates, prodrugs, or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and derivatives. These promising avenues have the potential to deliver novel therapeutic strategies in the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Verhulst
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Delphine Garnier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium; (E.V.); (I.D.M.)
| | - Brigitte Bauvois
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, F-75006 Paris, France;
- Correspondence:
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26
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Yang Q, Liu J, Wu B, Wang X, Jiang Y, Zhu D. Role of extracellular vesicles in osteosarcoma. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1216-1226. [PMID: 35928720 PMCID: PMC9346389 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.74137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor characterized by the direct production of osteoid tissue from tumor cells. Extracellular vesicles are membranous vesicles released by cells into the extracellular matrix, which exist widely in various body fluids and cell supernatants, and stably carry some important signaling molecules. They are involved in cell communication, cell migration, angiogenesis and tumor cell growth. Increasing evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles play a significant role in osteosarcoma development, progression, and metastatic process, indicating that extracellular vesicles can be use as biomarker vehicles in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma. This review discusses the basic biological characteristics of extracellular vesicles and focuses on their application in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Street Xinmin 71, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The first clinical medical college of Bin Zhou Medical College, Street Huanghe 661, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Street Xinmin 71, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Street Xinmin 71, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Street Xinmin 71, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Street Xinmin 71, China
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