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Wang H, Du X, Liu W, Zhang C, Li Y, Hou J, Yu Y, Li G, Wang Q. Combination of betulinic acid and EGFR-TKIs exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects against wild-type EGFR NSCLC by inducing autophagy-related cell death via EGFR signaling pathway. Respir Res 2024; 25:215. [PMID: 38764025 PMCID: PMC11103851 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02844-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer patients with mutated EGFR. However, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in wild-type EGFR tumors has been shown to be marginal. Methods that can sensitize EGFR-TKIs to EGFR wild-type NSCLC remain rare. Hence, we determined whether combination treatment can maximize the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-TKIs. METHODS We established a focused drug screening system to investigate candidates for overcoming the intrinsic resistance of wild-type EGFR NSCLC to EGFR-TKIs. Molecular docking assays and western blotting were used to identify the binding mode and blocking effect of the candidate compounds. Proliferation assays, analyses of drug interactions, colony formation assays, flow cytometry and nude mice xenograft models were used to determine the effects and investigate the molecular mechanism of the combination treatment. RESULTS Betulinic acid (BA) is effective at targeting EGFR and synergizes with EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib and osimertinib) preferentially against wild-type EGFR. BA showed inhibitory activity due to its interaction with the ATP-binding pocket of EGFR and dramatically enhanced the suppressive effects of EGFR-TKIs by blocking EGFR and modulating the EGFR-ATK-mTOR axis. Mechanistic studies revealed that the combination strategy activated EGFR-induced autophagic cell death and that the EGFR-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway was essential for completing autophagy and cell cycle arrest. Activation of the mTOR pathway or blockade of autophagy by specific chemical agents markedly attenuated the effect of cell cycle arrest. In vivo administration of the combination treatment caused marked tumor regression in the A549 xenografts. CONCLUSIONS BA is a potential wild-type EGFR inhibitor that plays a critical role in sensitizing EGFR-TKI activity. BA combined with an EGFR-TKI effectively suppressed the proliferation and survival of intrinsically resistant lung cancer cells via the inhibition of EGFR as well as the induction of autophagy-related cell death, indicating that BA combined with an EGFR-TKI may be a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming the primary resistance of wild-type EGFR-positive lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Congcong Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ying Li
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jingwen Hou
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guiru Li
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Xu X, Zheng Y, Luo L, You Z, Chen H, Wang J, Zhang F, Liu Y, Ke Y. Glioblastoma stem cells deliver ABCB4 transcribed by ATF3 via exosomes conferring glioblastoma resistance to temozolomide. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:318. [PMID: 38710703 PMCID: PMC11074105 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) play a key role in glioblastoma (GBM) resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. With the increase in research on the tumour microenvironment, exosomes secreted by GSCs have become a new focus in GBM research. However, the molecular mechanism by which GSCs affect drug resistance in GBM cells via exosomes remains unclear. Using bioinformatics analysis, we identified the specific expression of ABCB4 in GSCs. Subsequently, we established GSC cell lines and used ultracentrifugation to extract secreted exosomes. We conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations to validate the promoting effect of ABCB4 and ABCB4-containing exosomes on TMZ resistance. Finally, to identify the transcription factors regulating the transcription of ABCB4, we performed luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR. Our results indicated that ABCB4 is highly expressed in GSCs. Moreover, high expression of ABCB4 promoted the resistance of GSCs to TMZ. Our study found that GSCs can also transmit their highly expressed ABCB4 to differentiated glioma cells (DGCs) through exosomes, leading to high expression of ABCB4 in these cells and promoting their resistance to TMZ. Mechanistic studies have shown that the overexpression of ABCB4 in GSCs is mediated by the transcription factor ATF3. In conclusion, our results indicate that GSCs can confer resistance to TMZ in GBM by transmitting ABCB4, which is transcribed by ATF3, through exosomes. This mechanism may lead to drug resistance and recurrence of GBM. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in GBM and provide novel insights into its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Xu
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Yaofeng Zheng
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Linting Luo
- Department of Neurology, Liwan Central Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhongsheng You
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Huajian Chen
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Jihui Wang
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Fabing Zhang
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
| | - Yiquan Ke
- Department of Neuro-oncological Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
- The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhang W, Dong J, Xu J, Qian Y, Chen D, Fan Z, Yang H, Xiang J, Xue X, Luo X, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Huang Z. Columbianadin suppresses glioblastoma progression by inhibiting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116112. [PMID: 38458331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant glioma among brain tumors with low survival rate and high recurrence rate. Columbianadin (CBN) has pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, thrombogenesis-inhibiting and anti-tumor effects. However, it remains unknown that the effect of CBN on GBM cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we found that CBN inhibited the growth and proliferation of GBM cells in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, we found that CBN arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and induced the apoptosis of GBM cells. In addition, CBN also inhibited the migration and invasion of GBM cells. Mechanistically, we chose network pharmacology approach by screening intersecting genes through targets of CBN in anti-GBM, performing PPI network construction followed by GO analysis and KEGG analysis to screen potential candidate signaling pathway, and found that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein Kinase-B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway was a potential target signaling pathway of CBN in anti-GBM. As expected, CBN treatment indeed inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in GBM cells. Furthermore, YS-49, an agonist of PI3K/Akt signaling, partially restored the anti-GBM effect of CBN. Finally, we found that CBN inhibited GBM growth in an orthotopic mouse model of GBM through inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Together, these results suggest that CBN has an anti-GBM effect by suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and is a promising drug for treating GBM effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianhong Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danni Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianglei Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiumin Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihui Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang Q, Xia Y, Wang F, Yang D, Liang Z. Induction of ferroptosis by natural products in non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive systematic review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1385565. [PMID: 38751790 PMCID: PMC11094314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1385565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide that presents a substantial peril to human health. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a main subtype of lung cancer with heightened metastasis and invasion ability. The predominant treatment approaches currently comprise surgical interventions, chemotherapy regimens, and radiotherapeutic procedures. However, it poses significant clinical challenges due to its tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, resulting in diminished patient survival rates. Therefore, the development of novel treatment strategies for NSCLC is necessary. Ferroptosis was characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage of cells and eventually cell death. An increasing number of studies have found that exploiting the induction of ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic approach in NSCLC. Recent investigations have underscored the remarkable potential of natural products in the cancer treatment, owing to their potent activity and high safety profiles. Notably, accumulating evidences have shown that targeting ferroptosis through natural compounds as a novel strategy for combating NSCLC holds considerable promise. Nevertheless, the existing literature on comprehensive reviews elucidating the role of natural products inducing the ferroptosis for NSCLC therapy remains relatively sparse. In order to furnish a valuable reference and support for the identification of natural products inducing ferroptosis in anti-NSCLC therapeutics, this article provided a comprehensive review explaining the mechanisms by which natural products selectively target ferroptosis and modulate the pathogenesis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Zhu X, Zhou L, Song P, Liu B, Tian D, Chen Q, Zhou J, Deng G. Self-Assembled nanoparticles of natural bioactive molecules enhance the delivery and efficacy of paclitaxel in glioblastoma. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14528. [PMID: 38044793 PMCID: PMC11017454 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a well-established and highly effective anti-cancer drug for peripheral solid tumors. However, the application of PTX in GBM is hindered by several limitations, including poor water solubility, restricted entry across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and enhanced excretion by efflux transporters. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a crucial efflux transporter that is abundantly present in cerebral vascular endothelial cells and GBM cells. It plays a significant role in the exocytosis of PTX within tumor tissues. METHODS Recently, we have developed a novel technique for creating self-assembled nanoparticles utilizing a range of natural bioactive molecules. These nanoparticles can encapsulate insoluble drugs and effectively cross the BBB. In additional, we revealed that certain nanoparticles have the potential to act as P-gp inhibitors, thereby reducing the excretion of PTX. In this study, we conducted a screening of bioactive molecular nanoparticles to identify those that effectively inhibit the function of P-gp transporters. RESULTS Among the candidates, we identified ursolic acid nanoparticles (UA NPs) as the P-gp inhibitors. Furthermore, we prepared co-assembled UA NPs embedded with paclitaxel, referred to as UA-PTX NPs. Our results demonstrate that UA-PTX NPs can enhance the blood concentration of PTX, facilitate its entry into the BBB, and inhibit the function of P-gp, resulting in a decrease in the excretion of PTX. This discovery effectively addressed the above three issues associated with the use of PTX in glioma treatment. CONCLUSIONS UA-PTX NPs demonstrate strong anti-tumor effects and show great potential for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of NeurosurgeryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
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Li Q, Lianghao Y, Shijie G, Zhiyi W, Yuanting T, Cong C, Chun-Qin Z, Xianjun F. Self-assembled nanodrug delivery systems for anti-cancer drugs from traditional Chinese medicine. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1662-1692. [PMID: 38411151 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01451g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a combination of raw herbs and herbal extracts with a plethora of documented beneficial bioactivities, which has unique advantages in anti-tumor therapy, and many of its major bioactive molecules have been identified in recent years due to advances in chemical separation and structural analysis. However, the major chemical classes of plant-derived bioactive compounds frequently possess chemical properties, including poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability, that limit their therapeutic application. Alternatively, natural small molecules (NSMs) containing these components possess modifiable groups, multiple action sites, hydrophobic side chains, and a rigid skeleton with self-assembly properties that can be exploited to construct self-assembled nanoparticles with therapeutic effects superior to their individual constituents. For instance, the construction of a self-assembled nanodrug delivery system can effectively overcome the strong hydrophobicity and poor in vivo stability of NSMs, thereby greatly improving their bioavailability and enhancing their anti-tumor efficacy. This review summarizes the self-assembly methods, mechanisms, and applications of a variety of NSMs, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and saponins, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on NSMs and the development of SANDDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lianghao
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Gao Shijie
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Wang Zhiyi
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Tang Yuanting
- Experimental Centre, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Chen Cong
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China.
| | - Zhao Chun-Qin
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Literature and Culture, Key Laboratory of Classical Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China.
| | - Fu Xianjun
- Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Centre, Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, P. R. China.
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Fernandes S, Vieira M, Prudêncio C, Ferraz R. Betulinic Acid for Glioblastoma Treatment: Reality, Challenges and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2108. [PMID: 38396785 PMCID: PMC10889789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid is a naturally occurring compound that can be obtained through methanolic or ethanolic extraction from plant sources, as well as through chemical synthesis or microbial biotransformation. Betulinic acid has been investigated for its potential therapeutic properties, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimalarial, and antioxidant activities. Notably, its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier addresses a significant challenge in treating neurological pathologies. This review aims to compile information about the impact of betulinic acid as an antitumor agent, particularly in the context of glioblastoma. Importantly, betulinic acid demonstrates selective antitumor activity against glioblastoma cells by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis, consistent with observations in other cancer types. Compelling evidence published highlights the acid's therapeutic action in suppressing the Akt/NFκB-p65 signaling cascade and enhancing the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide. Interesting findings with betulinic acid also suggest a focus on researching the reduction of glioblastoma's invasiveness and aggressiveness profile. This involves modulation of extracellular matrix components, remodeling of the cytoskeleton, and secretion of proteolytic proteins. Drawing from a comprehensive review, we conclude that betulinic acid formulations as nanoparticles and/or ionic liquids are promising drug delivery approaches with the potential for translation into clinical applications for the treatment and management of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Fernandes
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.P.)
- Center for Research on Health and Environment (CISA), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Vieira
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.P.)
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.F.); (C.P.)
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Dasram MH, Naidoo P, Walker RB, Khamanga SM. Targeting the Endocannabinoid System Present in the Glioblastoma Tumour Microenvironment as a Potential Anti-Cancer Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1371. [PMID: 38338649 PMCID: PMC10855826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The highly aggressive and invasive glioblastoma (GBM) tumour is the most malignant lesion among adult-type diffuse gliomas, representing the most common primary brain tumour in the neuro-oncology practice of adults. With a poor overall prognosis and strong resistance to treatment, this nervous system tumour requires new innovative treatment. GBM is a polymorphic tumour consisting of an array of stromal cells and various malignant cells contributing to tumour initiation, progression, and treatment response. Cannabinoids possess anti-cancer potencies against glioma cell lines and in animal models. To improve existing treatment, cannabinoids as functionalised ligands on nanocarriers were investigated as potential anti-cancer agents. The GBM tumour microenvironment is a multifaceted system consisting of resident or recruited immune cells, extracellular matrix components, tissue-resident cells, and soluble factors. The immune microenvironment accounts for a substantial volume of GBM tumours. The barriers to the treatment of glioblastoma with cannabinoids, such as crossing the blood-brain barrier and psychoactive and off-target side effects, can be alleviated with the use of nanocarrier drug delivery systems and functionalised ligands for improved specificity and targeting of pharmacological receptors and anti-cancer signalling pathways. This review has shown the presence of endocannabinoid receptors in the tumour microenvironment, which can be used as a potential unique target for specific drug delivery. Existing cannabinoid agents, studied previously, show anti-cancer potencies via signalling pathways associated with the hallmarks of cancer. The results of the review can be used to provide guidance in the design of future drug therapy for glioblastoma tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandile M. Khamanga
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6139, South Africa (R.B.W.)
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10
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Plehn S, Wagle S, Rupasinghe HV. Chaga mushroom triterpenoids as adjuncts to minimally invasive cancer therapies: A review. Curr Res Toxicol 2023; 5:100137. [PMID: 38046279 PMCID: PMC10692653 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become the second leading cause of death in the world. Integrative cancer therapy management is continuously evolving to enhance treatment outcomes. Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) is a parasitic fungus acclaimed to contain pharmaceutical and nutraceutical value in the fight against cancer. In particular, triterpenoid constituents derived from Chaga mushrooms have been recognized for their anti-cancer activity after distinguished cytotoxicity was repeatedly observed in cancer cells treated in vitro with lipophilic fractions of extract compared to aqueous ones. Studies that investigate the anti-cancer activity of Chaga mushroom triterpenoids are reviewed in this article to determine which cancer cell lines demonstrate the greatest susceptibility to them while highlighting the structure-activity relationships that are involved. Triterpenoid supplementation as an adjunct to cancer treatment may be a viable option as inotodiol and 3-β-22 α-dihydroxylanosta-8, 25-diene-24-one have been shown to exhibit anti-cancer activity similar to that of conventional drugs. Advances in addressing bioavailability challenges are also included in this review as studies include in vivo components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Plehn
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Sajeev Wagle
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, B2N 5E3, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4H7, Canada
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11
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Mu H, Sun Y, Yuan B, Wang Y. Betulinic acid in the treatment of breast cancer: Application and mechanism progress. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105617. [PMID: 37479118 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpene compound, which can be obtained by separation, chemical synthesis and biotransformation. BA has excellent biological activities, especially its role in the treatment of breast cancer deserves attention. Its mechanisms mainly include inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, regulating specific protein (Sp) transcription factors, inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, inhibiting glucose metabolism and NF-κB pathway. In addition, BA can also increase the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to other chemotherapy drugs such as paclitaxel and reduce its toxic side effects. This article reviews the application and possible mechanism of BA in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Mu
- Department of Drug Clinical Trials, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Yuli Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.
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12
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Li Y, Zhao L, Zhao Q, Zhou Y, Zhou L, Song P, Liu B, Chen Q, Deng G. Ursolic acid nanoparticles for glioblastoma therapy. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 50:102684. [PMID: 37100267 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and fatal primary tumor in the central nervous system (CNS). The effect of chemotherapy of GBM is limited due to the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). The aim of this study is to develop self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) of ursolic acid (UA) for GBM treatment. METHODS UA NPs were synthesized by solvent volatilization method. Western blot analysis fluorescent staining and flow cytometry were launched to explore the anti-glioblastoma mechanism of UA NPs. The antitumor effects of UA NPs were further confirmed in vivo using intracranial xenograft models. RESULTS UA were successfully prepared. In vitro, UA NPs could significantly increase the protein levels of cleaved-caspase 3 and LC3-II to strongly eliminate glioblastoma cells through autophagy and apoptosis. In the intracranial xenograft models, UA NPs could further effectively enter the BBB, and greatly improve the survival time of the mice. CONCLUSIONS We successfully synthesized UA NPs which could effectively enter the BBB and show strong anti-tumor effect which may have great potential in the treatment of human glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Linyao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Youdong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
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13
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Torres-Martinez Z, Pérez D, Torres G, Estrada S, Correa C, Mederos N, Velazquez K, Castillo B, Griebenow K, Delgado Y. A Synergistic pH-Responsive Serum Albumin-Based Drug Delivery System Loaded with Doxorubicin and Pentacyclic Triterpene Betulinic Acid for Potential Treatment of NSCLC. BIOTECH 2023; 12:13. [PMID: 36810440 PMCID: PMC9944877 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosized drug delivery systems (DDS) have been studied as a novel strategy against cancer due to their potential to simultaneously decrease drug inactivation and systemic toxicity and increase passive and/or active drug accumulation within the tumor(s). Triterpenes are plant-derived compounds with interesting therapeutic properties. Betulinic acid (BeA) is a pentacyclic triterpene that has great cytotoxic activity against different cancer types. Herein, we developed a nanosized protein-based DDS of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the drug carrier combining two compounds, doxorubicin (Dox) and the triterpene BeA, using an oil-water-like micro-emulsion method. We used spectrophotometric assays to determine protein and drug concentrations in the DDS. The biophysical properties of these DDS were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, confirming nanoparticle (NP) formation and drug loading into the protein structure, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was 77% for Dox and 18% for BeA. More than 50% of both drugs were released within 24 h at pH 6.8, while less drug was released at pH 7.4 in this period. Co-incubation viability assays of Dox and BeA alone for 24 h demonstrated synergistic cytotoxic activity in the low μM range against non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells. Viability assays of the BSA-(Dox+BeA) DDS demonstrated a higher synergistic cytotoxic activity than the two drugs with no carrier. Moreover, confocal microscopy analysis confirmed the cellular internalization of the DDS and the accumulation of the Dox in the nucleus. We determined the mechanism of action of the BSA-(Dox+BeA) DDS, confirming S-phase cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, caspase cascade activation, and downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. This DDS has the potential to synergistically maximize the therapeutic effect of Dox and diminish chemoresistance induced by EGFR expression using a natural triterpene against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zally Torres-Martinez
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Daraishka Pérez
- Neuroscience Department, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon 00960, Puerto Rico
| | - Grace Torres
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Sthephanie Estrada
- Biology Department, University of Puerto Rico—Cayey, Cayey 00736, Puerto Rico
| | - Clarissa Correa
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Natasha Mederos
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Kimberly Velazquez
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Betzaida Castillo
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico—Humacao, Humacao 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Kai Griebenow
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Yamixa Delgado
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
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14
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Deng R, Wang Y, Bu Y, Wu H. BNIP3 mediates the different adaptive responses of fibroblast-like synovial cells to hypoxia in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Med 2022; 28:64. [PMID: 35690741 PMCID: PMC9188199 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is one of the important characteristics of synovial microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and plays an important role in synovial hyperplasia. In terms of cell survival, fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLSs) are relatively affected by hypoxia. In contrast, fibroblast-like synovial cells from patients with RA (RA-FLSs) are particularly resistant to hypoxia-induced cell death. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether fibroblast-like synovial cells in patients with osteoarthritis (OA-FLSs) and RA-FLSs have the same adaptation to hypoxia. Methods CCK-8, flow cytometry and BrdU were used to detect the proliferation of OA-FLSs and RA-FLSs under different oxygen concentrations. Apoptosis was detected by AV/PI, TUNEL and Western blot, mitophagy was observed by electron microscope, laser confocal microscope and Western blot, the state of mitochondria was detected by ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry, BNIP3 and HIF-1α were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR. The silencing of BNIP3 was achieved by stealth RNA system technology. Results After hypoxia, the survival rate of OA-FLSs decreased, while the proliferation activity of RA-FLSs further increased. Hypoxia induced an increase in apoptosis and inhibition of mitophagy in OA-FLSs, but not in RA-FLSs. Hypoxia led to a more lasting adaptive response. RA-FLSs displayed a more significant increase in the expression of genes transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α. Interestingly, they showed higher BNIP3 expression than OA-FLSs, and showed stronger mitophagy and proliferation activities. BNIP3 siRNA experiment confirmed the potential role of BNIP3 in the survival of RA-FLSs. Inhibition of BNIP3 resulted in the decrease of cell proliferation, mitophagy and the increase of apoptosis. Conclusion In summary, RA-FLSs maintained intracellular redox balance through mitophagy to promote cell survival under hypoxia. The mitophagy of OA-FLSs was too little to maintain the redox balance of mitochondria, resulting in apoptosis. The difference of mitophagy between OA-FLSs and RA-FLSs under hypoxia is mediated by the level of BNIP3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Deng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yanhong Bu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China. .,Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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