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Ahn G, Yoon HW, Choi JW, Shin WR, Min J, Kim YH, Ahn JY. Structural stability for surface display of antigen 43 and application to bacterial outer membrane vesicles production. BMB Rep 2024; 57:369-374. [PMID: 38919015 PMCID: PMC11362141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Antigen 43 (Ag43) proteins, found on the outer membrane of Escherichia coli, are β-sheets that fold into a unique cylindrical structure known as a β-barrel. There are several known structural similarities between bacterial Ag43 autotransporters and physical components; however, the factors that stabilize the barrel and the mechanism for Ag43 passenger domainmediated translocation across the pore of the β-barrel remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed Ag43β-enhanced green fluorescent protein chimeric variants to provide new insights into the autotransporter Ag43β-barrel assembly, focusing on the impact of the α-helical linker domain. Among the chimeric variants, Ag43β700 showed the highest surface display, which was confirmed through extracellular protease digestion, flow cytometry, and an evaluation of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). The Ag43β700 module offered reliable information on stable barrel folding and chimera expression at the exterior of the OMVs. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(8): 369-374].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gna Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Yoon
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28160, Korea, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jiho Min
- Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Yin X, Rong J, Shao M, Zhang S, Yin L, He Z, Wang X. Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials (AFNs) for therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:243. [PMID: 38735927 PMCID: PMC11089756 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the deadliest cancers globally, making the search for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches particularly crucial. Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials (AFNs), an innovative nanotechnology, have paved new pathways for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Initially, we outline the epidemiological background of HCC and the current therapeutic challenges. Subsequently, we explore in detail how AFNs enhance diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency and reduce side effects through the specific targeting of HCC cells and the optimization of drug delivery. Furthermore, we address the challenges faced by AFNs in clinical applications and future research directions, with a particular focus on enhancing their biocompatibility and assessing long-term effects. In summary, AFNs represent an avant-garde therapeutic approach, opening new avenues and possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Rong
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Min Shao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Saisai Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Likang Yin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenqiang He
- Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Marquez CA, Oh CI, Ahn G, Shin WR, Kim YH, Ahn JY. Synergistic vesicle-vector systems for targeted delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:6. [PMID: 38167116 PMCID: PMC10763086 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
With the immense progress in drug delivery systems (DDS) and the rise of nanotechnology, challenges such as target specificity remain. The vesicle-vector system (VVS) is a delivery system that uses lipid-based vesicles as vectors for a targeted drug delivery. When modified with target-probing materials, these vesicles become powerful vectors for drug delivery with high target specificity. In this review, we discuss three general types of VVS based on different modification strategies: (1) vesicle-probes; (2) vesicle-vesicles; and (3) genetically engineered vesicles. The synthesis of each VVS type and their corresponding properties that are advantageous for targeted drug delivery, are also highlighted. The applications, challenges, and limitations of VVS are briefly examined. Finally, we share a number of insights and perspectives regarding the future of VVS as a targeted drug delivery system at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ardelle Marquez
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Im Oh
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gna Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Li G, Wang B, Li L, Li X, Yan R, Liang J, Zhou X, Li L, Zhou Z. H-rGO-Pd NPs Nanozyme Enhanced Silver Deposition Strategy for Electrochemical Detection of Glypican-3. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052271. [PMID: 36903516 PMCID: PMC10004744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glypican-3 (GPC3), as an emerging biomarker, has been shown to be beneficial for the early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for GPC3 detection has been constructed based on the hemin-reduced graphene oxide-palladium nanoparticles (H-rGO-Pd NPs) nanozyme-enhanced silver deposition signal amplification strategy. When GPC3 specifically interacted with GPC3 antibody (GPC3Ab) and GPC3 aptamer (GPC3Apt), an "H-rGO-Pd NPs-GPC3Apt/GPC3/GPC3Ab" sandwich complex was formed with peroxidase-like properties which enhanced H2O2 to reduce the silver (Ag) ions in solution to metallic Ag, resulting in the deposition of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the surface of the biosensor. The amount of deposited Ag, which was derived from the amount of GPC3, was quantified by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Under ideal circumstances, the response value was linearly correlated with GPC3 concentration at 10.0-100.0 μg/mL with R2 of 0.9715. When the GPC3 concentration was in the range from 0.01 to 10.0 μg/mL, the response value was logarithmically linear with the GPC3 concentration with R2 of 0.9941. The limit of detection was 3.30 ng/mL at a signal-to-noise ratio of three and the sensitivity was 1.535 μAμM-1cm-2. Furthermore, the electrochemical biosensor detected the GPC3 level in actual serum samples with good recoveries (103.78-106.52%) and satisfactory relative standard deviations (RSDs) (1.89-8.81%), which confirmed the applicability of the sensor in practical applications. This study provides a new analytical method for measuring the level of GPC3 in the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guandu Road, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ling Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xinhao Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ruijie Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jintao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xinchun Zhou
- Guangdi Maoming Chemical Co., Ltd., Maoming High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Maoming 525000, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Liuxun Li
- Solid Tumour Target Discovery Laboratory, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhide Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Z.Z.)
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Kim SY, Lee JP, Shin WR, Oh IH, Ahn JY, Kim YH. Cardiac biomarkers and detection methods for myocardial infarction. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022; 18:443-455. [PMID: 36105117 PMCID: PMC9463516 DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background A significant heart attack known as a myocardial infarction (MI) occurs when the blood supply to the heart is suddenly interrupted, harming the heart muscles due to a lack of oxygen. The incidence of myocardial infarction is increasing worldwide. A relationship between COVID-19 and myocardial infarction due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic has also been revealed. Objective We propose a biomarker and a method that can be used for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, and an aptamer-based approach. Results For the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, an algorithm-based diagnosis method was developed using electrocardiogram data. A diagnosis method through biomarker detection was then developed. Conclusion Myocardial infarction is a disease that is difficult to diagnose based on the aspect of a single factor. For this reason, it is necessary to use a combination of various methods to diagnose myocardial infarction quickly and accurately. In addition, new materials such as aptamers must be grafted and integrated into new ways. Purpose of Review The incidence of myocardial infarction is increasing worldwide, and some studies are being conducted on the association between COVID-19 and myocardial infarction. The key to properly treating myocardial infarction is early detection, thus we aim to do this by offering both tools and techniques as well as the most recent diagnostic techniques. Recent Findings Myocardial infarction is diagnosed using an electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, which utilize cardiac signals. It is required to identify biomarkers of myocardial infarction and use biomarker-based ELISA, SPR, gold nanoparticle, and aptamer technologies in order to correctly diagnose myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shin Ansan University, 135 Sinansandaehak-Ro, Danwon-Gu, Ansan, 15435 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Pyo Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Woo-Ri Shin
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Oh
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644 South Korea
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644 South Korea
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