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Zhao G, Wang Y, Fan Z, Xiong J, Ertas YN, Ashammakhi N, Wang J, Ma T. Nanomaterials in crossroad of autophagy control in human cancers: Amplification of cell death mechanisms. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216860. [PMID: 38583650 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is the result of genetic abnormalities that cause normal cells to grow into neoplastic cells. Cancer is characterized by several distinct features, such as uncontrolled cell growth, extensive spreading to other parts of the body, and the ability to resist treatment. The scientists have stressed the development of nanostructures as novel therapeutic options in suppressing cancer, in response to the emergence of resistance to standard medicines. One of the specific mechanisms with dysregulation during cancer is autophagy. Nanomaterials have the ability to specifically carry medications and genes, and they can also enhance the responsiveness of tumor cells to standard therapy while promoting drug sensitivity. The primary mechanism in this process relies on autophagosomes and their fusion with lysosomes to break down the components of the cytoplasm. While autophagy was initially described as a form of cellular demise, it has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in controlling metastasis, proliferation, and treatment resistance in human malignancies. The pharmacokinetic profile of autophagy modulators is poor, despite their development for use in cancer therapy. Consequently, nanoparticles have been developed for the purpose of delivering medications and autophagy modulators selectively and specifically to the cancer process. Furthermore, several categories of nanoparticles have demonstrated the ability to regulate autophagy, which plays a crucial role in defining the biological characteristics and response to therapy of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongcheng, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Zhongru Fan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 39039, Türkiye.
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
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Arimoto KI, Miyauchi S, Liu M, Zhang DE. Emerging role of immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1390263. [PMID: 38799433 PMCID: PMC11116615 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1390263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has emerged as a groundbreaking approach for effective cancer treatment. Despite its considerable potential, clinical studies have indicated that the current response rate to cancer immunotherapy is suboptimal, primarily attributed to low immunogenicity in certain types of malignant tumors. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) represents a form of regulated cell death (RCD) capable of enhancing tumor immunogenicity and activating tumor-specific innate and adaptive immune responses in immunocompetent hosts. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of ICD and its evolution is crucial for developing more effective cancer therapeutic strategies. This review focuses exclusively on both historical and recent discoveries related to ICD modes and their mechanistic insights, particularly within the context of cancer immunotherapy. Our recent findings are also highlighted, revealing a mode of ICD induction facilitated by atypical interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs), including polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2), during hyperactive type I IFN signaling. The review concludes by discussing the therapeutic potential of ICD, with special attention to its relevance in both preclinical and clinical settings within the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei-ichiro Arimoto
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sayuri Miyauchi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mengdan Liu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Wang G, Jiang X, Torabian P, Yang Z. Investigating autophagy and intricate cellular mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma: Emphasis on cell death mechanism crosstalk. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216744. [PMID: 38431037 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a formidable global health challenge due to its prevalence, marked by high mortality and morbidity rates. This cancer type exhibits a multifaceted etiology, prominently linked to viral infections, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and genomic mutations. The inherent heterogeneity of HCC, coupled with its proclivity for developing drug resistance, presents formidable obstacles to effective therapeutic interventions. Autophagy, a fundamental catabolic process, plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, responding to stressors such as nutrient deprivation. In the context of HCC, tumor cells exploit autophagy, either augmenting or impeding its activity, thereby influencing tumorigenesis. This comprehensive review underscores the dualistic role of autophagy in HCC, acting as both a pro-survival and pro-death mechanism, impacting the trajectory of tumorigenesis. The anti-carcinogenic potential of autophagy is evident in its ability to enhance apoptosis and ferroptosis in HCC cells. Pertinently, dysregulated autophagy fosters drug resistance in the carcinogenic context. Both genomic and epigenetic factors can regulate autophagy in HCC progression. Recognizing the paramount importance of autophagy in HCC progression, this review introduces pharmacological compounds capable of modulating autophagy-either inducing or inhibiting it, as promising avenues in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Interventional, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110020, PR China
| | - Pedram Torabian
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, PR China.
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Liu K, Chen H, Li Y, Wang B, Li Q, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang C, Ertas YN, Shi H. Autophagy flux in bladder cancer: Cell death crosstalk, drug and nanotherapeutics. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216867. [PMID: 38593919 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-digestion mechanism, has emerged as a promising target in the realm of cancer therapy, particularly in bladder cancer (BCa), a urological malignancy characterized by dysregulated biological processes contributing to its progression. This highly conserved catabolic mechanism exhibits aberrant activation in pathological events, prominently featured in human cancers. The nuanced role of autophagy in cancer has been unveiled as a double-edged sword, capable of functioning as both a pro-survival and pro-death mechanism in a context-dependent manner. In BCa, dysregulation of autophagy intertwines with cell death mechanisms, wherein pro-survival autophagy impedes apoptosis and ferroptosis, while pro-death autophagy diminishes tumor cell survival. The impact of autophagy on BCa progression is multifaceted, influencing metastasis rates and engaging with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism. Pharmacological modulation of autophagy emerges as a viable strategy to impede BCa progression and augment cell death. Notably, the introduction of nanoparticles for targeted autophagy regulation holds promise as an innovative approach in BCa suppression. This review underscores the intricate interplay of autophagy with cell death pathways and its therapeutic implications in the nuanced landscape of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Ce Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Hongyun Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
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Liu P, Wei Z, Ye X. Immunostimulatory effects of thermal ablation: Challenges and future prospects. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:531-539. [PMID: 38687922 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2484_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This literature explores the immunostimulatory effects of thermal ablation in the tumor microenvironment, elucidating the mechanisms such as immunogenic cell death, tumor-specific antigens, and damage-associated molecular patterns. Furthermore, it outlines critical issues associated with thermal ablation-induced immunostimulatory challenges and offers insights into future research avenues and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Yang Y, Wang S, Wang XX, Guo S, Wang H, Shi Q, Tian Y, Wang H, Zhao T, Zhang H, Zhang B, Gao T, Li C, Yi X, Guo W. Tumorous IRE1α facilitates CD8 +T cells-dependent anti-tumor immunity and improves immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:83. [PMID: 38291473 PMCID: PMC10826282 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells frequently suffer from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Previous studies have extensively elucidated the role of tumorous unfolded protein response in melanoma cells, whereas the effect on tumor immunology and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. METHODS Bioinformatics, biochemical assays and pre-clinical mice model were employed to demonstrate the role of tumorous inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) in anti-tumor immunity and the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We firstly found that IRE1α signaling activation was positively associated with the feature of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Then, pharmacological ER stress induction by HA15 exerted prominent anti-tumor effect in immunocompetent mice and was highly dependent on CD8+T cells, paralleled with the reshape of immune cells in tumor microenvironment via tumorous IRE1α-XBP1 signal. Subsequently, tumorous IRE1α facilitated the expression and secretion of multiple chemokines and cytokines via XBP1-NF-κB axis, leading to increased infiltration and anti-tumor capacity of CD8+T cells. Ultimately, pharmacological induction of tumorous ER stress by HA15 brought potentiated therapeutic effect along with anti-PD-1 antibody on melanoma in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Tumorous IRE1α facilitates CD8+T cells-dependent anti-tumor immunity and improves immunotherapy efficacy by regulating chemokines and cytokines via XBP1-NF-κB axis. The combination of ER stress inducer and anti-PD-1 antibody could be promising for increasing the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Xu Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hengxiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baolu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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