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Soo SY, Lee SM, Tew IM, Mohd Dom TN, Yahya NA. Development and validation of a questionnaire on perceived prosthodontic treatment needs in Malaysian adults. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 132:145-153. [PMID: 37468369 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM A discrepancy between dentists' assessments and patients' expectations during prosthodontic treatment is inevitable. Incorporating dental patients' concerns about their prosthodontic treatment needs is essential during treatment planning, yet studies assessing these needs in adult dental patients are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a novel instrument, termed the questionnaire on perceived prosthodontic treatment needs (PPTN), that assesses perceived prosthodontic treatment needs in adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PPTN was developed following a literature review, consultation with healthcare workers, and patient interviews. It included 15 questions and a self-rated need for prosthodontic treatment, categorized on a Likert scale. A cross-sectional descriptive study was completed on 193 dental patients seeking or receiving prosthodontic treatment. RESULTS Three perceived prosthodontic treatment need factors were identified (psychosocial impact, esthetic concern, and function) by using exploratory factor analysis. A higher PPTN score indicated greater perceived prosthodontic treatment needs. The identified factors represent 67.8% of the variance with eigenvalues of >1. The PPTN had a high degree of internal consistency and reliability, as the final questionnaire received a Cronbach alpha of 0.75 and an intraclass coefficient of 0.75 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.68 to 0.80 (F(192, 576)=3.94, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The newly developed questionnaire was valid and will help understand patients' perceived treatment needs and benefit further prosthodontic research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suet Yeo Soo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siw May Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - In Meei Tew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tuti Ningseh Mohd Dom
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asyikin Yahya
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pandarathodiyil AK, Mani SA, Veerabhadrappa SK, Danaee M, Zamzuri ATB. Cross-cultural validation of Malay version of perceived professionalism among dental patients. BDJ Open 2024; 10:46. [PMID: 38844761 PMCID: PMC11156876 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professionalism is a dynamic construct that requires constant revision based on contemporary practices and attitudes. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt an already validated English questionnaire assessing patient perceptions of professionalism among dentists, into the Malay language. METHODS An original 24-item questionnaire was cross-cultural adapted in the Malaysian context through two phases. Phase I included content and face validity from experts' evaluation which was followed by translation into the Malay language. Phase II involved psychometric assessment including construct validity and reliability analysis. RESULTS Expert evaluation indicated that all items demonstrated excellent content validity for the characteristics of relevance (CVI = 0.75-1.00 Kappa = 0.72-1.00) and clarity (CVI = 0.75-1.00 and Kappa= 0.72-1.00). A total of 300 dental patients completed the questionnaire. EFA was done on the first dataset and the second dataset was subjected to CFA which showed composite reliability (CR) ranging between 0.741 and 0.897 indicating acceptable reliability among items. The final questionnaire had 20 items with 3 domains; Patient expectation of a dental care provider, Ethics and Dentist's professional responsibilities, Patient communication and confidentiality. CONCLUSION This study has successfully validated the questionnaire for patient perception of professionalism in the Malaysian context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shani Ann Mani
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Termizi Bin Zamzuri
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9 Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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J. M, Peter E, R.M. B, Benson PE, George SA. Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Condition-Specific Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire for the Malayalam-speaking Population—A Psychometric Scale Validation Study. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ORTHODONTIC SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/03015742231155377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to develop a regional version of the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ-Malayalam) for the Malayalam-speaking Indian population. Methods The English version of MIQ was translated into Malayalam through a rigorous translation process, followed by cross-cultural adaptation. Young people aged below 18 years who were just about to start orthodontic treatment were invited to complete the Malayalam version of MIQ along with the available native version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). The MIQ-Malayalam was readministered after 14 days to assess test-retest reliability. Treatment need was assessed normatively using the Dental Health Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-DHC) and subjectively using Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-AC). Results A total of 210 subjects completed the questionnaires (males = 47.2%; females = 52.8%; age = 12-17 years, mean = 15 years and 3 months; standard deviation = 1.9) and 50 completed repeat questionnaires. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.952; Intra-class Correlation Coefficient = 0.93). Exploratory factor analysis derived 4 factors with exclusion of 1 item. There were significant differences ( P < .05) in MIQ scores between IOTN-DHC subgroups, ensuring discriminant validity. There was a high correlation between total MIQ and total PIDAQ scores (rho = 0.884), while low between total MIQ and IOTN-AC scores (rho = 0.203). Conclusion The Malayalam version of MIQ was found to be valid and reliable and can serve as a useful condition-specific measure of oral health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha J.
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Annoor Dental College & Hospital, Muvattupuzha, Kerala, India
| | - Elbe Peter
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Baiju R.M.
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Philip Edward Benson
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Suja Ani George
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Wan Hassan WN, Makhbul MZM, Othman SA, Yusof ZYM. Validation of the Simplified Malaysian Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for the Sociodental Approach to Estimate the Orthodontic Treatment Need. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148665. [PMID: 35886519 PMCID: PMC9324681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) This study aimed to generate a simplified form of the Malaysian psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ[M]) and validate its use in the sociodental approach for estimating orthodontic treatment need. (2) Two eight-item forms were derived: an impact simplified PIDAQ[M] (ISP8), comprising the most impactful items as rated by 35 participants, and a regression simplified PIDAQ[M] (RSP8), derived from regression analysis of 590 participants’ data from the PIDAQ[M] validation study. Their psychometric performances were assessed for internal consistency, validity (criterion and construct), reproducibility (reliability and agreement), and responsiveness to change. The sociodental estimates were based on 204 orthodontic patients’ data who were assessed for normative need, impact-related need, and propensity-related need. McNemar analysis compared the sociodental estimates when both simplified PIDAQ[M] forms and the original PIDAQ[M] were used to measure impact-related need. (3) Both simplified PIDAQ[M] forms were valid, reproducible, and responsive. The sociodental estimates when using the ISP8 (38.2%) were similar to when the PIDAQ[M] (35.8%) was used (p > 0.05) but overestimated by 3.4% (p < 0.05) when the RSP8 (39.2%) was used as the assessment tool. (4) The simplified PIDAQ[M] can replace the original PIDAQ[M] in the sociodental approach to estimate the orthodontic treatment needs of the Malaysian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohd Zambri Mohamed Makhbul
- Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Pudu Sentral, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;
| | - Siti Adibah Othman
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health & Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
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Minimal Important Difference of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire Following Orthodontic Treatment: A Cohort Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9040506. [PMID: 35455550 PMCID: PMC9033080 DOI: 10.3390/children9040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
(1) This study aimed to do a longitudinal validation of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire (PIDAQ) and determine its minimal important difference (MID) following orthodontic treatment; (2) 42 adolescents (11 to 18 years old) were recruited for treatment with fixed appliances and the participants answered the Malaysian PIDAQ prior to treatment (T0), mid-treatment (T1), and post-treatment (T2), plus a global health transition scale at T1 and T2. Data analyses included repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample t-tests. Test–retest was administered 2 to 6 weeks from T0; (3) The final sample comprised 37 subjects (response rate = 88.1%). The 95% limits of agreement were −10.3 to 8.5 points. In the anchor-based approach, those who experienced the smallest changes by reporting their dental aesthetics as “a little improved” had an insignificant PIDAQ score change of −5.3 at T1. At T2, the PIDAQ scores of those in this category were reduced significantly (mean change = −26.2; effect size (ES) = 1.0; p = 0.34). In the distribution-based approach, standardized PIDAQ scores were significantly reduced, with medium (0.7) to large (1.5) ES at T1 and T2, respectively; (4) The PIDAQ can detect orthodontic-related changes in patients’ psychosocial well-being. The post-treatment MID is 26 scale points with large ES.
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Age and Gender Are Associated with the Component of Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire in Young People: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9040496. [PMID: 35455540 PMCID: PMC9029103 DOI: 10.3390/children9040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
(1) The aim of the study was to investigate the association between age, gender, and the component of psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics (PIDAQ) in Malaysian young people. (2) Cross-sectional data on the PIDAQ (comprised of dental self-confidence, social impact, psychological impact, and aesthetic concern variables) of Malaysian youth (n = 1425) recruited through multi-stage sampling were analyzed for mediation and moderated mediation analyses using the PROCESS macro on SPSS software. (3) Participants (mean age 16.0 ± 2.8) represented 54.8% of girls and 45.2% of boys. In the mediation model, psychological impact and aesthetic concern completely mediated the effects of social impact on dental self-confidence. In the moderated mediation model, social impact directly influenced dental self-confidence amongst participants at one standard deviation below the sample mean age and among boys. However, psychological impact completely mediated the influence of social impact on dental self-confidence amongst participants at the sample mean age and at one standard deviation above the sample mean ages, and among girls. Neither age nor gender moderated the effect of aesthetic concern on dental self-confidence. (4) Age and gender moderated the influence of social impact and psychological impact on dental self-confidence.
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Short Versions of the Arabic Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for Yemeni Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Derivation and Validation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030341. [PMID: 35327712 PMCID: PMC8947303 DOI: 10.3390/children9030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To shorten the 24-item Arabic Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ(A)) for adolescents in Yemen. Material and methods: Two shortening methods derived six-item and nine-item versions: the item impact method selected items with the highest impact scores as rated by 30 participants in each subscale; and the regression method was applied using data of 385 participants from the PIDAQ(A) validity study, with the total PIDAQ(A) score as the dependent variable, and its individual items as the independent variables. The four derived versions were assessed for validity and reliability. Results: The means of the six-item and nine-item short versions of both methods were close. Cronbach’s alpha values extended from 0.90 to 0.92 (intra-class correlations = 0.85−0.88). In criterion validity, strong significant correlations were detected between scores of all short versions and the 24-item PIDAQ(A) score (0.96−0.98; p < 0.001). Construct validity displayed significant associations among all short versions and self-perceived dental appearance rank and self-perceived need for orthodontic braces rank (p < 0.05). Mean scores of all short versions were significantly different between adolescents with severe malocclusion and those with slight malocclusion in discriminant validity tests. In conclusion, all PIDAQ(A) short versions are valid and reliable.
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Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire for Yemeni Adolescents. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060448. [PMID: 34070552 PMCID: PMC8229478 DOI: 10.3390/children8060448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Objectives: This paper aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into an Arabic language version (PIDAQ(A)) for measuring the oral health related quality of life related to dental aesthetics among 12-17-year-old Yemeni adolescents. (2) Material and methods: The study comprised three parts, which were linguistic validation and qualitative interview, comprehensibility assessment, and psychometric validations. Psychometric properties were examined for validity (exploratory factor analysis (EFA), partial confirmatory factor analysis (PCFA), construct, criterion, and discriminant validity) and reliability (internal consistency and reproducibility). (3) Results: The PIDAQ(A) contained a new item. EFA extracted three factors (item factor loading 0.375 to 0.918) comprising dental self-confidence, aesthetic concern, and psychosocial impact subscales. PCFA showed good fit statistics (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.928, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.071). In addition, invariance across age groups was tested. Cronbach's α values ranged from 0.90 to 0.93 (intraclass correlations = 0.89-0.96). A criterion validity test showed that the PIDAQ(A) had a significant association with oral impacts on daily performance scores. A construct validity test showed significant associations between PIDAQ(A) subscales and self-perceived dental appearance and self-perceived need for orthodontic braces (p < 0.05). Discriminant validity presented significant differences in the mean PIDAQ(A) scores between subjects having severe malocclusion and those with slight malocclusion. No floor or ceiling effects were detected.
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Wan Hassan WN, Makhbul MZM, Yusof ZYM. Use of the sociodental approach in estimating orthodontic treatment needs in adolescent patients. J Orofac Orthop 2021; 83:244-254. [PMID: 33938957 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The sociodental model integrates clinical assessment, perceived impacts of malocclusion on quality of life, and behavioural propensity when prioritising orthodontic treatment. This study compares the effect of using different instruments to measure impact-related need on the assessment of orthodontic treatment need based on the sociodental framework. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 206 Malaysian adolescents (age: 11-18 years) were screened in orthodontic clinics to identify those with normative need, oral impacts due to malocclusion, and having high and medium-to-high behavioural propensities. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need classified normative need. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDA) questionnaire and the Condition-Specific Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (CS-OIDP) index measured oral impacts. Subjects' behavioural propensities for successful treatment outcome were based on the Basic Periodontal Examination and International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Data were analysed using the McNemar test. RESULTS The response rate was 99.0%. Estimates of normative need (89.7%) were significantly reduced under the sociodental model by 65.7% (p < 0.0001) when impact-related need was measured using PIDA, and by 41.7% (p < 0.0001) when measured using CS-OIDP. The difference between the results of the two instruments in proportions of identified need for orthodontic treatment was 24.0% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION For Malaysian adolescents, estimates of need for orthodontic treatment when assessed with the sociodental approach were substantially lower than normative clinical assessment and depended highly on the tools selected to assess the patient's impact-related need. Health policy makers should understand the implication of adopting one instrument or the other when estimating orthodontic treatment need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | | | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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Göranson E, Norevall LI, Bågesund M, Dimberg L. Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) for adolescents. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:241-247. [PMID: 33026890 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1823014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an instrument developed for assessment of orthodontic aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to translate and validate the Swedish version of PIDAQ for use in Swedish adolescents 12-19 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS The translation was made according to the process described in 'Guidelines for Establishing Cultural Equivalency of Instruments' by Ohrbach et al. Field testing was performed in a group of consecutive patients who were about to start orthodontic treatment (untreated group) and a group of consecutive patients who had recently finished orthodontic treatment (treated group). RESULTS During the translation procedure, a Swedish version of PIDAQ was formed. In the field testing, a total of 144 questionnaires, 72 from untreated patients (mean age 14.6 years) and 72 from treated patients (mean age 17.3 years) were collected. The exploratory factor analysis detected two factors, which differs from the factor structure in the original questionnaire. The mean total PIDAQ score was significantly higher (p < .001) in the untreated group, 40.6 (20.3), than in the treated group, 9.4 (10.5), implying a high discriminant validity. Reliability was excellent, with internal consistency Cronbach's alpha values varying from 0.94 to 0.97. CONCLUSION The Swedish version of PIDAQ demonstrates good validity and excellent reliability and is suitable for future research on the effect of malocclusion on OHRQoL in Swedish 12- to 19-year-olds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Göranson
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Norrköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars-Inge Norevall
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Linköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
| | - Mats Bågesund
- Center for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Norrköping, Public Dental Service Östergötland, Östergötland, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Dimberg
- Department of Orthodontics, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Monisha J, Peter E, Ani GS. Is Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) Valid for the Indian Population?-A Psychometric Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:207-215. [PMID: 34036084 PMCID: PMC8118045 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_443_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: A culturally adapted and validated Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) inventory helps to reliably compare patient perceptions among different populations. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) evaluates the impact of dental aesthetics on OHRQoL. This study aimed to develop a regional version of PIDAQ (PIDAQMal) for the Indian population and to assess differences in perceptions due to malocclusion in different population groups. Materials and Methods: PIDAQMal was derived through the translation process and pilot-tested to assess test–retest reliability. Psychometric properties were tested on 285 subjects (31.2% males, 68.8% females; age range 18–25 years). Normative treatment need was assessed using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)-Dental Health Component and subjective assessment using IOTN-Aesthetic Component (AC) and Perception of Occlusion Scale (POS). PIDAQMal mean domain scores were compared with those of the previously validated versions to assess difference in perceptions. Results: Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were good (Cronbach’s α = 0.83–0.88; Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.74–0.91). IOTN-AC and POS scores showed significant correlation with PIDAQMal scores ensuring convergent validity (P < 0.001). Discriminant validity was confirmed by statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) in PIDAQMal scores between subjects with no treatment need and moderate/definite need. Factor analysis derived four domains with one item showing cross-loading. Difference in mean domain scores among the previously validated versions of PIDAQ confirmed socio-cultural differences in perceptions due to malocclusion. Conclusion: PIDAQMal was found to be reliable and valid for the Indian subjects and can be used as a condition-specific OHRQoL measure. Socio-cultural differences in perceptions were brought to light using the translated scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Monisha
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Elbe Peter
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - G Suja Ani
- Department of Orthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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Tajudin ZM, Wan Hassan WN, Yusof ZYM, Makhbul MZM. Impacts of Self Perceived Malocclusion on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Young Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9030248. [PMID: 33804314 PMCID: PMC8001025 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-awareness of poorly arranged teeth can influence the quality of life. This study aimed to report the impacts of self-perceived malocclusion in young adults and the association between demographic characteristics and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). In this cross-sectional study, six-hundred-forty-three subjects from Selangor, Malaysia selected using a multistage sampling technique answered the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDA) questionnaire and self-rated their dental appearance using the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Data were analyzed using multifactorial ANOVA to identify the association between demographic characteristics and total PIDA score. Five-hundred-twenty-four subjects (81.5%) completed the questionnaires. Overall, 87.8% had impacts on their OHRQoL. Psychological impact was the most impacted domain (75.8%), followed by dental self-confidence (59.4%), social impact (48.9%) and aesthetic concern (22.1%). 16.8% reported significant impacts on all domains. Their mean PIDA score was 36.3 (SD 17.1). Prevalence, extent and severity of impacts were higher amongst those with self-perceived malocclusion. Gender, ethnicity, and self-perceived malocclusion status were associated with PIDA score (p < 0.05). Sub-urban and rural females had significantly higher PIDA scores than sub-urban and rural males. In conclusion, majority of Malaysian young adults especially those with self-perceived malocclusion were impacted by their dental aesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zawani Mohd Tajudin
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Wan Nurazreena Wan Hassan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-379674802
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
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Ganesh G, Tripathi T, Rai P. Effect of fixed mechanotherapy on psychosocial impact of malocclusion using PIDAQ in the Indian population - A follow up study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:92-98. [PMID: 33384919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of malocclusion in an individual not only distresses the oral form and function but also has a significant impact on the psychological and social well-being of an individual. Adoption of a patient centered approach during the correction of malocclusion serves to benefit both the individual and the orthodontic fraternity, as it aims to improve the function, aesthetics and subsequently, the overall quality of life. Materials and methods In this study, the psychosocial impact of malocclusion was evaluated on 93 patients using the IOTN (Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs) and the PIDAQ (Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire) indices. The questionnaires were paired accordingly and statistically analysed. Association of the age and gender with the psychosocial impact of malocclusion was also assessed. Results Mean total and the individual component scores of the PIDAQ were assessed pre and post treatment and a significant reduction in the scores was observed. The IOTN-AC (IOTN - Aesthetic Component) scores also improved drastically with treatment. However, no statistically significant association of age, education level or socioeconomic class with the psychosocial impact of malocclusion was observed. Conclusion The significant improvement in the mean PIDAQ and IOTN-AC scores obtained after completion of fixed orthodontic treatment, indicate the high initial psychosocial impact of malocclusion which significantly reduced with treatment, accenting the role of orthodontics in improving the overall psychological and social well-being of an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Ganesh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Tulika Tripathi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Priyank Rai
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
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