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Dixit S, Kumar A, Srinivasan K. A Current Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models in Oral Cancer Diagnosis: Recent Technologies, Open Challenges, and Future Research Directions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071353. [PMID: 37046571 PMCID: PMC10093759 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a problematic global health issue with an extremely high fatality rate throughout the world. The application of various machine learning techniques that have appeared in the field of cancer diagnosis in recent years has provided meaningful insights into efficient and precise treatment decision-making. Due to rapid advancements in sequencing technologies, the detection of cancer based on gene expression data has improved over the years. Different types of cancer affect different parts of the body in different ways. Cancer that affects the mouth, lip, and upper throat is known as oral cancer, which is the sixth most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. India, Bangladesh, China, the United States, and Pakistan are the top five countries with the highest rates of oral cavity disease and lip cancer. The major causes of oral cancer are excessive use of tobacco and cigarette smoking. Many people’s lives can be saved if oral cancer (OC) can be detected early. Early identification and diagnosis could assist doctors in providing better patient care and effective treatment. OC screening may advance with the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. AI can provide assistance to the oncology sector by accurately analyzing a large dataset from several imaging modalities. This review deals with the implementation of AI during the early stages of cancer for the proper detection and treatment of OC. Furthermore, performance evaluations of several DL and ML models have been carried out to show that the DL model can overcome the difficult challenges associated with early cancerous lesions in the mouth. For this review, we have followed the rules recommended for the extension of scoping reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA-ScR). Examining the reference lists for the chosen articles helped us gather more details on the subject. Additionally, we discussed AI’s drawbacks and its potential use in research on oral cancer. There are methods for reducing risk factors, such as reducing the use of tobacco and alcohol, as well as immunization against HPV infection to avoid oral cancer, or to lessen the burden of the disease. Additionally, officious methods for preventing oral diseases include training programs for doctors and patients as well as facilitating early diagnosis via screening high-risk populations for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriniket Dixit
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Anant Kumar
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Kathiravan Srinivasan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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2
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Sun Y, Liu H, Lv Y, Chen F, Hu Y, Yang K, Zheng X, Zhang J. Recurring Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Involving Vertebra and Pleura: A Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:203-212. [PMID: 35578546 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221098082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is vary in behavior from indolent tumor to cases with frequent recurrence and rare metastasis. In this manuscript, we report a case of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma of right lower mandible with cervical lymph node metastasis in a 50-year-old female. The tumor recurred and metastasized to vertebra and pleura after adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy, and the patient died of the disease 29 months after diagnosis. Pathologically, the tumor was composed of epithelial nests dominated by clear cells with ameloblastoma-like pattern and biphasic pattern. The tumor cells showed strong positive for AE1/AE3, KRT19, KRT5/6, P63, focal positive for KRT7, and weak positive for MUC1. Molecularly, EWSR1::ATF1 gene fusion was identified. To our knowledge, this report describes the first case of metastasis of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma involving regional lymph nodes and distant pleural and vertebral areas, demonstrating an aggressive clinical course of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Hanzhong Liu
- 47900Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan Central Hospital, Xiaogan, China, 432000
| | - Yinan Lv
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Fu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Yaying Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Ke Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
| | - Jiali Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079.,Oral Histopathology Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430079
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Xie R, Wang W, Thomas AM, Li S, Qin H. Maxillary clear cell odontogenic carcinoma with EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene mimicking sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma: A case report and literature review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154257. [PMID: 36470043 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Both clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) and sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma (SOC) are rare odontogenic malignancies. Here, we report a case of maxillary CCOC whose clinical and histologic features resembled those of SOC. Radiologically, the tumor presented as an ill-defined, expansile radiolucency with local bone destruction. Histologically, the tumor was comprised of thin cords or strands of odontogenic epithelium permeating through a sclerosed fibrous stroma with occasional clear cell foci. It damaged the cortical plates and invaded the adjacent soft tissue. Immunohistochemical expression of Pancytokeratin, Cytokeratin 19, p63, Cytokeratin 5/6, and Cytokeratin 14, as well as focal expression of Cytokeratin 7, demonstrated the epithelial nature of the tumor. Alcian Blue Periodic acid Schiff staining revealed a lack of intracellular mucin. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed Ewing sarcoma RNA binding protein 1 and activating transcription factor 1 gene translocation, further confirming the diagnosis of CCOC. Lastly, we contextualized the genetic analysis of our case to that of CCOC in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Xie
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Aline M Thomas
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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4
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Verdeja R, Stauffer E, Lombardi T. Unusual Presentation of Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12041019. [PMID: 35454067 PMCID: PMC9024627 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare, aggressive epithelial neoplasm of the jaw first described in 1985 by Hansen and classified as an odontogenic malignant tumor in the 2005 WHO classification. To date, only 117 cases have been reported in the literature written in English. In this paper, we report the atypical presentation of a pericoronal localized tumor in the right mandibular wisdom tooth discovered during a routine radiologic examination. The patient, a 44-year-old healthy female, was referred by her general dental practitioner for examination of temporomandibular dysfunction and recurrent myofascial pain. Anamnesis and clinical examination did not suggest tumoral disease. The osteolytic lesion was removed, and histological examination revealed a clear cell odontogenic tumor (CCOT) of the right posterior lower jaw. Segmental lower jaw resection was performed, and a free iliac crest bone transplant was fixed with mandibular reconstruction plate. No cervical neck dissection was needed. A five-year follow-up examination shows excellent local and systemic recovery and no sign of tumor recurrence. The patient still suffers from bruxism and myofascial related pain, which are treated conservatively with a Michigan splint and physiotherapy. Based on this additional case, we review the literature and discuss the challenging diagnostic aspects, the unusual clinical presentation, and the treatment of CCOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Verdeja
- Department of Surgery, Service of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-26-321-20-87
| | - Edouard Stauffer
- Private Pathology Institute (Promed), 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Tommaso Lombardi
- Unit Oral Medicine and Maxillo-Facial Pathology, Department of Surgery, Service of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
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Labrador AJP, Marin NRG, Valdez LHM, Valentina MP, Sanchez KBT, Ibazetta KAR, Johan B, Cesar AV, Wright JM. Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma a Systematic Review. Head Neck Pathol 2021; 16:838-848. [PMID: 34618301 PMCID: PMC9424403 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell Odontogenic Carcinoma (CCOC) is an uncommon malignant odontogenic tumor (MOT). It is the fifth most common MOT. A systematic review is presented of reported cases, case series and retrospective studies of CCOC, to determine trends in presentation, diagnostic features, treatment, and patient outcome. Searches of detailed databases were carried out to identify papers reporting CCOC. The variables were demographics, patient symptoms, tumor location, histopathological findings, immunohistochemical studies, treatment, follow-up, and recurrence. 117 cases were identified; CCOC was most frequently seen in mature females 65% (n = 76). The total average age was 55.4 with a range from 17 to 89 years, for females 56.4 and males 53.6 years. The mean size was 3.41 cm. The most common location was in the mandibular body 36.2% (n = 42), followed by the anterior mandible 23.3% (n = 27). The most common clinical presentation was a swelling 80.4% (n = 74), and the main symptom was pain 41.3% (n = 31), followed by painless lesion 24% (n = 18). The most common Immunohistochemistry positive expression was CK19, EMA, and CEA, and for special staining periodic acid Shiff (PAS); 97% of cases were treated surgically. The average follow-up was 30.3 months, and recurrence was reported in 52.4% of the cases. Conclusion: CCOC shows a strong predilection for the body and anterior mandible, and females are more frequently affected. CCOCs can be painful and the principle clinical sign is swelling, CCOCs can metastasize, and the prognosis is fair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martinez P. Valentina
- grid.442123.20000 0001 1940 3465Universidad de Cuenca Facultad de Odontologia, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Abad Villacrez Cesar
- grid.441720.40000 0001 0573 4474Universidad Señor de SIPAN Dental School, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - John M. Wright
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302, Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246 USA
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6
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Marinho EB, Alves APNN, Pereira-Filho FJF, Ferreira-Junior AEC, Mota MRL, Sousa FB. Rare clear cell odontogenic carcinoma associated with impacted tooth in a young patient: case report and literature review. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:491-503. [PMID: 34542774 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-01006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor. It is characterized by showing, on histopathological examination, clusters of vacuolated and clear tumor cells with epithelial differentiation surrounded by fibrocollagenous stroma and fibroblasts. The present study presents a rare clinical case of mandibular CCOC associated with an impacted tooth in a 26-year-old woman surgically treated with mandibulectomy and reconstruction with iliac crest bone graft. The patient has been followed up for 22 months without signs of recurrence. A search for case report/case series was carried out in the PUBMED database, as well as in the references of relevant previously published literature reviews. Ninety-six publications were identified, totaling 136 distinct cases reported. Female sex was the most affected (63.1%) with 63.3% of cases occurring in patients in the fifth, sixth, or seventh decades of life. The mandible was more affected than the maxilla (74.2%). Association of CCOC with impacted teeth was found in 2.4% of cases, thus rendering it a rare occurrence. The present case report corroborates the results of the survey regarding sex and anatomical location of the tumor; however, it contradicts the findings regarding age predilection. The case described is the fourth known occurrence of tooth impaction associated with the tumor and the first in a female. In conclusion, CCOC should be considered, as well as other malignancies, as a possible diagnosis of maxillary or mandibular intraosseous lesions even in unusual circumstances such as in association with impacted teeth and in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmo Bernardo Marinho
- Departament of Dental Clinic, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. .,Dental Specialties Center, CEO Municipal de Caucaia, Caucaia, Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabricio Bitu Sousa
- Departament of Dental Clinic, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Christus University Center - UNICHRISTUS, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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7
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Tailor BV, Allen H, Miller K. A Radiolucency Associated With an Impacted Mandibular Canine Tooth in an Adult Man. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 146:1075-1076. [PMID: 32940626 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavesh Vijay Tailor
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hailey Allen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Karin Miller
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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8
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Guastaldi FPS, Faquin WC, Gootkind F, Hashemi S, August M, Iafrate AJ, Rivera MN, Kaban LB, Jaquinet A, Troulis MJ. Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: a rare jaw tumor. A summary of 107 reported cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:1405-1410. [PMID: 31227275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to summarize the currently published cases of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC). The PubMed and Springer databases were used to collect available reports, searching for 'clear cell odontogenic carcinoma', 'CCOC', or 'clear cell ameloblastoma'. The search resulted in 75 reports detailing 107 cases between 1985 and 2018. Clinically the tumor manifests as a swelling in the posterior mandible (n=46), anterior mandible (n=33), and maxilla (n=28). Radiological analysis of 85 cases typically showed a poorly defined expansive radiolucency (n=83). Of the 70 patients with symptoms reported, 44 specified a swelling, 11 tooth mobility, seven gingival/periodontal issues, five numbness, and three decreased jaw opening. One patient presented with a neck mass. The duration of symptoms prior to seeking care was specified for 52 patients: 2 months to 1 year for 34 patients, 1-2 years for seven, 2-4 years for two, 4-7 years for six, and 7-12 years for three. The incidence of recurrence appeared to be 38 of the 88 cases where recurrence was reported. CCOC can be distinguished from other oral cancers by its distinctive histology and immunohistochemical characteristics and less aggressive behavior. Currently, treatment should be early and aggressive resection with clear surgical margins and long-term follow-up. The overall goal is to collect a cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P S Guastaldi
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W C Faquin
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F Gootkind
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Hashemi
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M August
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A J Iafrate
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M N Rivera
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L B Kaban
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - M J Troulis
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Park JC, Kim SW, Baek YJ, Lee HG, Ryu MH, Hwang DS, Kim UK. Misdiagnosis of ameloblastoma in a patient with clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: a case report. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 45:116-120. [PMID: 31106140 PMCID: PMC6502756 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2019.45.2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC), a rare tumor in the head and neck region, displays comparable properties with other tumors clinically and pathologically. In consequence, an incorrect diagnosis may be established. A 51-year-old male patient who was admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Pusan National University Dental Hospital was initially diagnosed with ameloblastoma via incisional biopsy. However, the excised mass of the patient was observed to manifest histopathological characteristics of ameloblastic carcinoma. The lesion was ultimately diagnosed as clear cell odontogenic carcinoma by the Department of Oral Pathology of Pusan National Dental University. Therefore, segmental mandibulectomy and bilateral neck dissection were performed, followed by reconstruction with fibula free flap and reconstruction plate. Concomitant chemotherapy radiotherapy was not necessary. The patient has been followed up, and no recurrence has occurred 6 months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Cheol Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seong-Won Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Baek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Mi-Heon Ryu
- Department of Oral Pathology, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dae-Seok Hwang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Uk-Kyu Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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10
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Todorovic E, Berthelet E, O’Connor R, Durham JS, Tran E, Martin M, Hayes MM, Ng TL. Sclerosing Odontogenic Carcinoma with Local Recurrence: Case Report and Review of Literature. Head Neck Pathol 2018; 13:371-377. [PMID: 30315432 PMCID: PMC6684691 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma is a rare locally destructive neoplasm with many histologic mimics. Here the diagnostic challenges are presented of a case of sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma with variable histologic features, including unusual and unexpected negative immunostaining for CK19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Todorovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC Canada ,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Eric Berthelet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Robert O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC Canada ,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - J. Scott Durham
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Eric Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Monty Martin
- Department of Radiology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Malcolm M. Hayes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Tony L. Ng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, 855 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC Canada ,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
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11
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Ferreira S, Faverani LP, Santos GMD, Martins EP, Garcia Júnior IR. Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma of the mandible: a treatment strategy. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20160645. [PMID: 29340482 PMCID: PMC5777409 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2016-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare odontogenic tumor of the jaws, histologically characterized by the presence of agglomerates of cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. The patient, a 62-year-old Caucasian woman, presented an intraosseous lesion in the mandibular symphysis. A clinical examination revealed a discrete volumetric increase with a hard consistency, palpable to extraoral and intraoral examinations. Imaging studies revealed an extensive radiolucent area, without defined limits, extending from the region of the right second premolar to the left canine. Incisional biopsy analysis indicated a diagnosis of CCOC. The treatment proposed was segmental resection of the mandible with a safety margin. After six months without recurrence, definitive mandibular reconstruction was performed using an iliac crest graft, followed by rehabilitation with implant-supported denture after five months. After three years of post-resection follow-up, the patient has shown no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. She continues to be under follow-up. To conclude, CCOC must be considered a malignant tumor with aggressive behavior. Previous studies have shown that resection with free margins is a treatment with a lower rate of recurrence. Nevertheless, long-term follow-up is necessary for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Ferreira
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Perez Faverani
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | - Gabriel Mulinari Dos Santos
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Idelmo Rangel Garcia Júnior
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil
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12
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Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma. A review. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2017; 118:363-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Ordioni U, Benat G, Hadj Saïd M, Gomez-Brouchet A, Chossegros C, Catherine JH. Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, diagnostic difficulties. A case report. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2017; 118:302-305. [PMID: 28502762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (COCC) is a rare tumor described by Hansen et al. in 1985. The clinical and radiological manifestations are multiple and the diagnosis is histological. OBSERVATION A 64-year-old patient consulted us for a right mandibular osteolytic lesion associated to a homolateral labial hypoesthesia. A biopsy was performed under local anesthesia. Histology was consistent with a metastatic lesion of clear kidney cell carcinoma, COCC, or odontogenic squamous tumor. Additional tests eliminated a metastatic lesion. A wide excision of the lesion by hemi-mandibulectomy associated with lymph node dissection and reconstruction by a fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap was performed. Presence of a fission of the EWSR1 gene on the histological examination of the surgical specimen made the diagnosis of COCC. DISCUSSION Our observation illustrates the difficulty of diagnosing COCC. The new contribution of the cytogenetic techniques such as FISH-type techniques makes possible the improvement of the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ordioni
- Department of oral surgery, odontology, Timone hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; Centre Massilien de la face, 24, avenue du Prado, 13006 Marseille, France.
| | - G Benat
- Department of pathological anatomy and cytology, university cancer institute Toulouse Oncopole, 31059 Toulouse, France; Department of plastic and maxillofacial surgery, Pierre-Paul-Riquet hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - M Hadj Saïd
- Department of oral surgery, odontology, Timone hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; Department of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, Conception hospital, 13005 Marseille, France; UMR 7268 ADES, Aix-Marseille university/EFS/CNRS, faculty of medicine, 13344 Marseille, France
| | - A Gomez-Brouchet
- Department of pathological anatomy and cytology, university cancer institute Toulouse Oncopole, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - C Chossegros
- Department of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, Conception hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - J-H Catherine
- Department of oral surgery, odontology, Timone hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; UMR 7268 ADES, Aix-Marseille university/EFS/CNRS, faculty of medicine, 13344 Marseille, France
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14
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Kujiraoka S, Tsunematsu T, Sato Y, Yoshida M, Ishikawa A, Tohyama R, Tanaka M, Kobayashi Y, Kondo T, Ushio A, Otsuka K, Kurosawa M, Saito M, Yamada A, Arakaki R, Nagai H, Nikai H, Takeuchi K, Nagao T, Miyamoto Y, Ishimaru N, Kudo Y. Establishment and characterization of a clear cell odontogenic carcinoma cell line with EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene. Oral Oncol 2017; 69:46-55. [PMID: 28559020 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor (MOT) characterized by sheets and lobules of vacuolated and clear cells. To understand the biology of CCOC, we established a new cell line, CCOC-T, with EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene from a mandible tumor with distant metastasis and characterized this cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS To detect the EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene, we used three CCOC cases, including the present case, by RT-PCR and FISH analysis. We characterized established CCOC-T cells by checking cell growth, invasion and the expression of odontogenic factors and bone-related factors. Moreover, the gene expression profile of CCOC-T cells was examined by microarray analysis. RESULTS Histologically, the primary tumor was comprised of cords and nests containing clear and squamoid cells separated by fibrous septa. In addition, ameloblastomatous islands with palisaded peripheral cells were observed, indicating probable odontogenic origin. This tumor expressed the fusion gene EWSR1-ATF1, which underlies the etiology of hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) and potentially that of CCOC. We found a breakpoint in the EWSR1-ATF1 fusion to be the same as that reported in HCCC. Established CCOC-T cells grew extremely slowly, but the cells showed highly invasive activity. Moreover, CCOC-T cells expressed bone-related molecules, odontogenic factors, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related molecules. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the establishment of a CCOC cell line. CCOC-T cells serve as a useful in vitro model for understanding the pathogenesis and nature of MOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Kujiraoka
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sato
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshida
- Department of Human Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Rei Tohyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Dental Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kondo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Aya Ushio
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Otsuka
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mie Kurosawa
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masako Saito
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Yamada
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nagai
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Nikai
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kengo Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Human Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
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15
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Khoury ZH, Bugshan A, Lubek JE, Papadimitriou JC, Basile JR, Younis RH. Glycogen-Rich Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma Originating in the Oral Cavity. Head Neck Pathol 2017; 11:552-560. [PMID: 28342060 PMCID: PMC5677064 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-017-0812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell squamous cell carcinoma (CCSCC) is a rare histological subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that was originally described in the skin. Here, we report a case of a 66-year-old female patient who presented with a fungating ulcerative mass of the left lateral tongue extending anteriorly to the floor of the mouth, and posteriorly to the left retromolar fossa and the oropharynx. The patient had a history of SCC of the left posterior tongue that was treated with partial glossectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Representative biopsies were obtained from the floor of the mouth, tongue and retromolar fossa. The examined biopsies showed various degrees of dysplastic surface epithelium with transition into infiltrating epithelial tumor nests and cords with clear cytoplasm and malignant cellular features. Pancytokeratin, CK5/6, and p63 were all diffusely positive. S-100, Calponin, and smooth muscle actin (SMA) were negative. PAS stain was diffusely positive and diastase labile in the tumor clear cells. Sparse areas of mucicarmine positivity were noted. Based on these findings a final diagnosis of a glycogen-rich CCSCC was given. This case represents a very rare histological variant of oral SCC, which is significant for the histological differential diagnosis of clear cell tumors of the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid H. Khoury
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, 650 West Baltimore Street, 7th Floor North, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Amr Bugshan
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111 USA ,Department of Biomedical Dental Science, Dental College, Dammam University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joshua E. Lubek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - John C. Papadimitriou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - John R. Basile
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, 650 West Baltimore Street, 7th Floor North, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Rania H. Younis
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, 650 West Baltimore Street, 7th Floor North, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
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