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Umapathy VR, Natarajan PM, Swamikannu B. Molecular and Therapeutic Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Oral Cancer-A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:2402. [PMID: 38792263 PMCID: PMC11123887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is among the most common malignancies in the world. Despite advances in therapy, the worst-case scenario for OC remains metastasis, with a 50% survival rate. Therefore, it is critical to comprehend the pathophysiology of the condition and to create diagnostic and treatment plans for OC. The development of high-throughput genome sequencing has revealed that over 90% of the human genome encodes non-coding transcripts, or transcripts that do not code for any proteins. This paper describes the function of these different kinds of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in OC as well as their intriguing therapeutic potential. The onset and development of OC, as well as treatment resistance, are linked to dysregulated ncRNA expression. These ncRNAs' potentially significant roles in diagnosis and prognosis have been suggested by their differing expression in blood or saliva. We have outlined every promising feature of ncRNAs in the treatment of OC in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Rekha Umapathy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600107, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhu Manickam Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences and Research Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bhuminathan Swamikannu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, BIHER, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India;
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Ansari U, Chen V, Sedighi R, Syed B, Muttalib Z, Ansari K, Ansari F, Nadora D, Razick D, Lui F. Role of the UNC13 family in human diseases: A literature review. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:388-400. [PMID: 38188011 PMCID: PMC10767061 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This literature review explores the pivotal roles of the Uncoordinated-13 (UNC13) protein family, encompassing UNC13A, UNC13B, UNC13C, and UNC13D, in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. These proteins, which are evolutionarily conserved and crucial for synaptic vesicle priming and exocytosis, have been implicated in a range of disorders, spanning from neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) to immune-related conditions such as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). The involvement of UNC13A in neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity is linked to ALS and FTD, with genetic variations affecting disease progression. UNC13B, which is closely related to UNC13A, plays a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), epilepsy, and schizophrenia. UNC13C is implicated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and has a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). UNC13D has an essential role in immune cell function, making it a key player in FHL. This review highlights the distinct molecular functions of each UNC13 family member and their implications in disease contexts, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies and avenues for future research. Understanding these proteins' roles offers new insights into the management and treatment of neurological and immunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid Ansari
- California Northstate University College of Medicine, USA
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Kumar VB, Lee CH, Su TC, Lin CC, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Yeh CM, Kiefer R, Lin SH. Prognostic and Clinical Implications of UNC13C expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1235-1239. [PMID: 37575271 PMCID: PMC10416712 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of UNC13C (Unc-13 Homolog C) has been observed during the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the expression pattern and clinical relevance of UNC13C in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study is to examine UNC13C expression in HCC and explore its role in clinicopathological factor or prognosis in HCC. Two hundred and sixty-five patients diagnosed with HCC were included in the present study. The expression of UNC13C in HCC tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry analysis. The relationship between UNC13C protein and clinicopathological characteristics in HCC was investigated. Moreover, the high expression of UNC13C was significantly correlated with T stage, AJCC stage and overall survival rates. Cox regression analysis identified UNC13C as an independent prognostic indicator for HCC patients. UNC13C might be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC. Further studies with larger sample sets are needed to understand the clinical implications of UNC13C in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Lee
- Department of Pathology, E- Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applies Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk-71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Rudolf Kiefer
- Conducting Polymers in Composites and Applications Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University. Taichung, Taiwan
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Dey S, Biswas B, Manoj Appadan A, Shah J, Pal JK, Basu S, Sur S. Non-Coding RNAs in Oral Cancer: Emerging Roles and Clinical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3752. [PMID: 37568568 PMCID: PMC10417002 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is among the most prevalent cancers in the world. Certain geographical areas are disproportionately affected by OC cases due to the regional differences in dietary habits, tobacco and alcohol consumption. However, conventional therapeutic methods do not yield satisfying treatment outcomes. Thus, there is an urgent need to understand the disease process and to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for OC. In this review, we discuss the role of various types of ncRNAs in OC, and their promising clinical implications as prognostic or diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. MicroRNA (miRNA), long ncRNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) are the major ncRNA types whose involvement in OC are emerging. Dysregulated expression of ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are linked with the initiation, progression, as well as therapy resistance of OC via modulation in a series of cellular pathways through epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational modifications. Differential expressions of miRNAs and lncRNAs in blood, saliva or extracellular vesicles have indicated potential diagnostic and prognostic importance. In this review, we have summarized all the promising aspects of ncRNAs in the management of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Soumya Basu
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (DPU), Pimpri 411033, India; (S.D.)
| | - Subhayan Sur
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (DPU), Pimpri 411033, India; (S.D.)
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Li D, Li X, Fan G, Bian G. Identification of the regulatory role of the circ_0004788/miR-515-5p/FGF2 network in nasopharyngeal carcinoma development. Head Neck 2022; 44:1631-1645. [PMID: 35460538 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CircularRNAs (circRNAs) played vital roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the impacts of circ_0004788 on the development of NPC have not been explored. METHODS Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) and colony formation assays were applied to determine cell proliferation. Wound healing, transwell invasion assay, tube formation assay, and flow cytometry were employed for the detection of cell migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, respectively. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to explore the biological role of circ_0004788 in NPC in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0004788 and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) were significantly elevated, and microRNA-515-5p (miR-515-5p) was dramatically decreased in NPC tissues and cells. The impacts of circ_0004788 knockdown on cell progression in NPC cells were reversed by miR-515-5p inhibitor, and FGF2 overexpression could block the suppressive effect of miR-515-5p on cell progression in NPC cells. CONCLUSION Circ_0004788 knockdown restrained the progression of NPC via the miR-515-5p/FGF2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanshi Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang, China
| | - Gai Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, China
| | - Guiqin Bian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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Zhang J, Peng Y, Jiang S, Li J. Hsa_circRNA_0001971 contributes to oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via miR‐186‐5p/Fibronectin type III domain containing 3B axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24245. [PMID: 35060189 PMCID: PMC8906042 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). circRNA_0001971 has been proved to accelerate the OSCC development. Here, we aim to identify the new molecular mechanism of hsa_circRNA_0001971 (circRNA_0001971) in OSCC. Methods The levels of circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B) in tissues and cells were verified by qRT‐PCR or Western blotting. The interaction between circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and FNDC3B was identified by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, and RIP assay. The effect of circRNA_0001971/miR‐186‐5p/FNDC3B axis on OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by cell functional experiments including CCK8, wound healing, and transwell assays. Results Our study displayed that circRNA_0001971 and FNDC3B were elevated in OSCC, whereas miR‐186‐5p was declined in OSCC. Silencing circRNA_0001971 attenuated the malignancy of OSCC cells by suppressing proliferation, migration, and invasion. In OSCC cells, circRNA_0001971 sponged miR‐186‐5p to enhance FNDC3B. Due to the interaction between circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and FNDC3B, FNDC3B overexpression relieved the negative function of silencing circRNA_0001971 in OSCC cells. Conclusion Overall, our study discovered that circRNA_0001971 was a tumor promoter in OSCC progression by targeting miR‐186‐5p/FNDC3B axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Shengjun Jiang
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Ji X, Sun W, Lv C, Huang J, Zhang H. Circular RNAs Regulate Glucose Metabolism in Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4005-4021. [PMID: 34239306 PMCID: PMC8259938 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s316597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were originally thought to result from RNA splicing errors. However, it has been shown that circRNAs can regulate cancer onset and progression in various ways. They can regulate cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, they modulate glucose metabolism in cancer cells through different mechanisms such as directly regulating glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporter (GLUT) or indirectly regulating signal transduction pathways. In this review, we elucidate on the role of circRNAs in regulating glucose metabolism in cancer cells, which partly explains the pathogenesis of malignant tumors, and provides new therapeutic targets or new diagnostic and prognostic markers for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhou Lv
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapeng Huang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
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Cao W, Shen Q, Lim MY. Editorial: "Non-Coding RNAs in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma". Front Oncol 2021; 11:785001. [PMID: 35004307 PMCID: PMC8732768 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.785001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Cao,
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ming Yann Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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