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Zhang G, Liu X, Hu Y, Luo Q, Ruan L, Xie H, Zeng Y. Development and comparison of machine-learning models for predicting prolonged postoperative length of stay in lung cancer patients following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2024; 11:100493. [PMID: 38808011 PMCID: PMC11130994 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2024.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to develop models for predicting prolonged postoperative length of stay (PPOLOS) in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) by utilizing machine-learning techniques. These models aim to offer valuable insights for clinical decision-making. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed a dataset of lung cancer patients who underwent VATS, identifying 25 numerical features and 45 textual features. Three classification machine-learning models were developed: XGBoost, random forest, and neural network. The performance of these models was evaluated based on accuracy (ACC) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, whereas the importance of variables was assessed using the feature importance parameter from the random forest model. Results Of the 6767 lung cancer patients, 1481 patients (21.9%) experienced a postoperative length of stay of > 4 days. The majority were male (4111, 60.8%), married (6246, 92.3%), and diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (4145, 61.3%). The Random Forest classifier exhibited superior prediction performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.792 and ACC of 0.804. The calibration plot revealed that all three classifiers were in close alignment with the ideal calibration line, indicating high calibration reliability. The five most critical features identified were the following: surgical duration (0.116), age (0.066), creatinine (0.062), hemoglobin (0.058), and total protein (0.054). Conclusions This study developed and evaluated three machine-learning models for predicting PPOLOS in lung cancer patients undergoing VATS. The findings revealed that the Random Forest model is most accurately predicting the PPOLOS. Findings of this study enable the identification of crucial determinants and the formulation of targeted interventions to shorten the length of stay among lung cancer patients after VATS, which contribute to optimize the allocation of healthcare resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Zhang
- Respiratory Intervention Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanhui Liu
- Department of Industrial Design, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuning Hu
- School of Computing Sciences, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchi Luo
- School of Computing Sciences, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Ruan
- Respiratory Intervention Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Xie
- School of Computing Sciences, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Zeng
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
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Soilly AL, Aho Glélé LS, Bernard A, Abou Hanna H, Filaire M, Magdaleinat P, Marty-Ané C, Tronc F, Grima R, Baste JM, Thomas PA, Richard De Latour B, Pforr A, Pagès PB. Medico-economic impact of thoracoscopy versus thoracotomy in lung cancer: multicentre randomised controlled trial (Lungsco01). BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1004. [PMID: 37723516 PMCID: PMC10507914 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lungsco01 is the first study assessing the real benefits and the medico-economic impact of video-thoracoscopy versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer in the French context. METHODS Two hundred and fifty nine adult patients from 10 French centres were randomised in this prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial, between July 29, 2016, and November 24, 2020. Survival from surgical intervention to day 30 and later was compared with the log-rank test. Total quality-adjusted-life-years (QALYs) were calculated using the EQ-5D-3L®. For medico-economic analyses at 30 days and at 3 months after surgery, resources consumed were valorised (€ 2018) from a hospital perspective. First, since mortality was infrequent and not different between the two arms, cost-minimisation analyses were performed considering only the cost differential. Second, based on complete cases on QALYs, cost-utility analyses were performed taking into account cost and QALY differential. Acceptability curves and the 95% confidence intervals for the incremental ratios were then obtained using the non-parametric bootstrap method (10,000 replications). Sensitivity analyses were performed using multiple imputations with the chained equation method. RESULTS The average cumulative costs of thoracotomy were lower than those of video-thoracoscopy at 30 days (€9,730 (SD = 3,597) vs. €11,290 (SD = 4,729)) and at 3 months (€9,863 (SD = 3,508) vs. €11,912 (SD = 5,159)). In the cost-utility analyses, the incremental cost-utility ratio was €19,162 per additional QALY gained at 30 days (€36,733 at 3 months). The acceptability curve revealed a 64% probability of efficiency at 30 days for video-thoracoscopy, at a widely-accepted willingness-to-pay threshold of €25,000 (34% at 3 months). Ratios increased after multiple imputations, implying a higher cost for video-thoracoscopy for an additional QALY gain (ratios: €26,015 at 30 days, €42,779 at 3 months). CONCLUSIONS Given our results, the economic efficiency of video-thoracoscopy at 30 days remains fragile at a willingness-to-pay threshold of €25,000/QALY. The economic efficiency is not established beyond that time horizon. The acceptability curves given will allow decision-makers to judge the probability of efficiency of this technology at other willingness-to-pay thresholds. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02502318.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Soilly
- Direction of Clinical Research and Innovation, Clinical Research Unit-Methodological Support Network, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | | | - Alain Bernard
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Halim Abou Hanna
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Marc Filaire
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Endocrine Surgery, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Charles Marty-Ané
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - François Tronc
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, HCL, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Bron, France
| | - Renaud Grima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, HCL, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Bron, France
| | | | - Pascal-Alexandre Thomas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, North University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University & APHM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Arnaud Pforr
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Avignon, Avignon, CH, France
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Lai Y, Chen Q, Xiang C, Li G, Wei K. Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine on Stress Response and Postoperative Delirium of Older Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1275-1283. [PMID: 37554513 PMCID: PMC10405814 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s419835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the effects of intraoperative intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion on inflammatory factors and cognitive function in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. Patients and Methods Patients aged >65 years undergoing elective thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy were randomly grouped as dexmedetomidine group (group D), lidocaine group (group L), and control group (group C). The plasma cortisol, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were measured before anesthesia (T0) and immediately (T1), 24 h (T2), and 48 h postoperatively (T3). Postoperative delirium (POD) was assessed by 3D-CAM on days 2 and 7. Results The cortisol concentrations decreased for all groups at T1 from T0 although they were significantly higher at T2. Group L had significantly lower interleukin-6 concentrations at T1 and T2 than the other groups (P<0.05). The interleukin-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups, significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), and significantly lower for group L than for group D at T2 (P<0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups and significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), although they were not statistically significantly different for groups D and L. There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative incidence of POD between the three groups on days 2 and day 7. Conclusion Intraoperative continuous intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion reduced surgical stress and inflammatory responses. The inhibitory effect of lidocaine on surgical stress remained significant for up to 24 h postoperatively without affecting patient awakening. However, the administration of either drug failed to prevent postoperative POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanzhu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Tanase BC, Burlacu AI, Nistor CE, Horvat T, Oancea C, Marc M, Tudorache E, Mateescu T, Manolescu D. A Retrospective Analysis Comparing VATS Cost Discrepancies and Outcomes in Primary Lung Cancer vs. Second Primary Lung Cancer Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1745. [PMID: 37372863 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the outcomes and cost differences between primary lung cancer (PLC) and second primary lung cancer (SPLC) patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This was a retrospective analysis of 124 patients with lung cancer stages I, II, and III who underwent VATS between January 2018 and January 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on their cancer status that was matched by age and gender: the PLC group (n = 62) and the SPLC group (n = 62). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics between the 2 groups, except for the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), with a score above 3 in 62.9% of PLC patients and 80.6% among SPLC patients (p = 0.028). Regarding the surgical outcomes, the operative time for the VATS intervention was significantly higher in the SPLC group, with a median of 300 min, compared with 260 min in the PLC group (p = 0.001), varying by the cancer staging as well. The average duration of hospitalization was significantly longer before and after surgery among patients with SPLC (6.1 days after surgery), compared with 4.2 days after surgery in the PLC group (0.006). Regarding the cost analysis, the total hospitalization cost was significantly higher in the SPLC group (15,400 RON vs. 12,800 RON; p = 0.007). Lastly, there was a significant difference in the survival probability between the two patient groups (log-rank p-value = 0.038). The 2-year survival was 41.9% among PLC patients and only 24.2% among those with SPLC. At the 5-year follow-up, there were only 1.6% survivors in the SPLC group, compared with 11.3% in the PLC group (p-value = 0.028). In conclusion, this study found that VATS is a safe and effective surgical approach for both PLC and SPLC patients. However, SPLC patients have a higher VATS operating time and require more healthcare resources than PLC patients, resulting in higher hospitalization costs. These findings suggest that careful pre-operative evaluation and individualized surgical planning are necessary to optimize the outcomes and cost-effectiveness of VATS for lung cancer patients. Nevertheless, the 5-year survival remains very low and concerning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Cosmin Tanase
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Oncology Institute "Alexandru Trestioreanu" of Bucharest, Fundeni Street 252, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alin Ionut Burlacu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Oncology Institute "Alexandru Trestioreanu" of Bucharest, Fundeni Street 252, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Eduard Nistor
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Oncology Institute "Alexandru Trestioreanu" of Bucharest, Fundeni Street 252, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodor Horvat
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Oncology Institute "Alexandru Trestioreanu" of Bucharest, Fundeni Street 252, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Oancea
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Marc
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Emanuela Tudorache
- Center for Research and Innovation in Precision Medicine of Respiratory Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tudor Mateescu
- Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Manolescu
- Department of Radiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Kim D, Woo W, Shin JI, Lee S. The Uncomfortable Truth: Open Thoracotomy versus Minimally Invasive Surgery in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092630. [PMID: 37174096 PMCID: PMC10177030 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, lung surgery in thoracic cancer has evolved in two ways: saving more parenchyma and being minimally invasive. Saving parenchyma is a fundamental principle of surgery. However, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a matter of approach, so it has to do with advances in surgical techniques and tools. For example, MIS has become possible with the introduction of VATS (video-assisted thoracic surgery), and the development of tools has extended the indication of MIS. Especially, RATS (robot-assisted thoracic surgery) improved the quality of life for patients and the ergonomics of doctors. However, the dichotomous idea that the MIS is new and right but the open thoracotomy is old and useless may be inappropriate. In fact, MIS is exactly the same as a classic thoracotomy in that it removes the mass/parenchyma containing cancer and mediastinal lymph nodes. Therefore, in this study, we compare randomized-controlled trials about open thoracotomy and MIS to find out which surgical method is more helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohun Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Wongi Woo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Pérez-Rodríguez PA, Eraso-Villota MI, Cardona-Gallardo MA, Castrillón-Pineda AI, Torres-España NF, Fernández-Trujillo L, Sánchez-Ortiz ÁI, Velásquez-Galvis M. Lobectomías pulmonares en Colombia: una caracterización demográfica y clínico-patológica. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CIRUGÍA 2023. [DOI: 10.30944/20117582.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introducción. La lobectomía pulmonar es uno de los procedimientos más frecuentes en la cirugía torácica en Colombia y a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue proporcionar información sobre el comportamiento clínico de los individuos sometidos a este tipo de cirugías.
Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo en un Hospital Universitario de Cali, Colombia, que incluyó todos los pacientes sometidos a lobectomía pulmonar, por causas benignas o malignas, entre los años 2010 y 2020. La información se extrajo del registro institucional de cirugía de tórax, obteniendo datos demográficos, clínicos y patológicos.
Resultados. Se evaluaron los registros clínicos de 207 individuos. El 55,5 % eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue 58 años y el 41 % tuvieron antecedente de tabaquismo. En el 51,6 % de los casos se diagnosticaron neoplasias, de las cuales el 47,8 % eran primarias de pulmón, siendo el adenocarcinoma el subtipo más común. Las enfermedades benignas no tumorales representaron el 48,3 % de los casos y la causa más frecuente fueron las infecciones, dentro de las que se incluyeron 17 casos de tuberculosis pulmonar. La técnica más frecuente fue la cirugía toracoscópica video asistida (82,6 %). Presentaron un porcentaje de reintervención del 5,8 %, 10,6 % de complicaciones severas y una mortalidad hospitalaria del 4,3 %.
Conclusión. La población evaluada muestra una carga alta de comorbilidades y riesgo operatorio elevado; de forma consecuente, al compararla con otras series internacionales, se encontró un porcentaje mayor de complicaciones perioperatorias y mortalidad.
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Han X, Wei Z, Zhao Z, Yang X, Ye X. Cost and effectiveness of microwave ablation versus video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical resection for ground-glass nodule lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:962630. [PMID: 36276106 PMCID: PMC9581221 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.962630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To retrospectively evaluate the cost and effectiveness in consecutive patients with ground-glass nodules (GGNs) treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS; i.e., wedge resection or segmentectomy) or microwave ablation (MWA). Materials and methods From May 2017 to April 2019, 204 patients who met our study inclusion criteria were treated with VATS (n = 103) and MWA (n = 101). We calculated the rate of 3-year overall survival (OS), local progression-free survival (LPFS), and cancer−specific survival (CSS), as well as the cost during hospitalization and the length of hospital stay. Results The rates of 3-year OS, LPFS, and CSS were 100%, 98.9%, and 100%, respectively, in the VATS group and 100%, 100% (p = 0.423), and 100%, respectively, in the MWA group. The median cost of VATS vs. MWA was RMB 54,314.36 vs. RMB 21,464.98 (p < 0.001). The length of hospital stay in the VATS vs. MWA group was 10.0 vs. 6.0 d (p < 0.001). Conclusions MWA had similar rates of 3-year OS, LPFS, and CSS for patients with GGNs and a dramatically lower cost and shorter hospital stay compared with VATS. Based on efficacy and cost, MWA provides an alternative treatment option for patients with GGNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhigang Wei
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Xia Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Yang, ; ; Xin Ye,
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Yang, ; ; Xin Ye,
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Dong Y, Shen C, Wang Y, Zhou K, Li J, Chang S, Ma H, Che G. Safety and Feasibility of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Day Surgery and Inpatient Surgery in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Surg 2021; 8:779889. [PMID: 34869571 PMCID: PMC8635799 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.779889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate how safe and viable the use of video-assisted thoracoscopic day surgery (VATDS) is for individuals diagnosed with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Data obtained from the selected patients with NSCLC who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the same medical group were analyzed and a single-center, propensity-matched cohort study was performed. In total, 353 individuals were included after propensity score matching (PSM) with 136 individuals in the day surgery group (DSG) and 217 individuals in the inpatient surgery group (ISG). Results: The 24-h discharge rate in the DSG was 93.38% (127/136). With respect to the postoperative complications (PPCs), no difference between the two groups was found (DSG vs. ISG: 11.76 vs. 11.52%, p = 0.933). In the DSG, a shorter length of stay (LOS) after surgery (1.47 ± 1.09 vs. 2.72 ± 1.28 days, p < 0.001) and reduced drainage time (8.45 ± 3.35 vs. 24.11 ± 5.23 h, p < 0.001) were found, while the drainage volume per hour (mL/h) was not notably divergent between the relevant groups (p = 0.312). No difference was observed in the cost of equipment and materials between the two groups (p = 0.333). However, the average hospital cost and drug cost of the DSG were significantly lower than those of the ISG (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study indicated that the implementation of VATDS showed no difference in PPCs, but resulted in shorter in-hospital stays, shorter drainage times, and lower hospital costs than inpatient surgery. These results indicate the safety and feasibility of VATDS for a group of highly selected patients with early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxian Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jue Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongsheng Ma
- Day Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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