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Liu X, Li X, Li C, Lu M, Xu L, Yan R, Song X, Li X. Toxoplasma gondii eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:101. [PMID: 38276673 PMCID: PMC10819733 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can elicit a robust immune response during infection. Macrophage cells have been shown to play an important role in the immune response against T. gondii. In our previous study, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) gene of T. gondii was found to influence the invasion and replication of tachyzoites. In this study, the recombinant protein of T. gondii eIF-5A (rTgeIF-5A) was incubated with murine macrophages, and the regulatory effect of TgeIF-5A on macrophages was characterized. Immunofluorescence assay showed that TgeIF-5A was able to bind to macrophages and partially be internalized. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) level and chemotaxis of macrophages stimulated with TgeIF-5A were reduced. However, the phagocytosis and apoptosis of macrophages were amplified by TgeIF-5A. Meanwhile, the cell viability experiment indicated that TgeIF-5A can promote the viability of macrophages, and in the secretion assays, TgeIF-5A can induce the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) from macrophages. These findings demonstrate that eIF-5A of T. gondii can modulate the immune response of murine macrophages in vitro, which may provide a reference for further research on developing T. gondii vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China;
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Chunjing Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Mingmin Lu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Lixin Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Ruofeng Yan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiaokai Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xiangrui Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.L.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (L.X.); (R.Y.); (X.S.)
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Seoane R, Lama-Díaz T, Romero AM, El Motiam A, Martínez-Férriz A, Vidal S, Bouzaher YH, Blanquer M, Tolosa RM, Castillo Mewa J, Rodríguez MS, García-Sastre A, Xirodimas D, Sutherland JD, Barrio R, Alepuz P, Blanco MG, Farràs R, Rivas C. SUMOylation modulates eIF5A activities in both yeast and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:15. [PMID: 38229033 PMCID: PMC10790418 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eukaryotic translation initiation protein eIF5A is a highly conserved and essential factor that plays a critical role in different physiological and pathological processes including stress response and cancer. Different proteomic studies suggest that eIF5A may be a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) substrate, but whether eIF5A is indeed SUMOylated and how relevant is this modification for eIF5A activities are still unknown. METHODS SUMOylation was evaluated using in vitro SUMOylation assays, Histidine-tagged proteins purification from His6-SUMO2 transfected cells, and isolation of endogenously SUMOylated proteins using SUMO-binding entities (SUBES). Mutants were engineered by site-directed mutagenesis. Protein stability was measured by a cycloheximide chase assay. Protein localization was determined using immunofluorescence and cellular fractionation assays. The ability of eIF5A1 constructs to complement the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains harboring thermosensitive mutants of a yeast EIF5A homolog gene (HYP2) was analyzed. The polysome profile and the formation of stress granules in cells expressing Pab1-GFP (a stress granule marker) by immunofluorescence were determined in yeast cells subjected to heat shock. Cell growth and migration of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma PANC-1 cells overexpressing different eIF5A1 constructs were evaluated using crystal violet staining and transwell inserts, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Software, using unpaired Student's t-test, or one-way or two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS We found that eIF5A is modified by SUMO2 in vitro, in transfected cells and under endogenous conditions, revealing its physiological relevance. We identified several SUMO sites in eIF5A and found that SUMOylation modulates both the stability and the localization of eIF5A in mammalian cells. Interestingly, the SUMOylation of eIF5A responds to specific stresses, indicating that it is a regulated process. SUMOylation of eIF5A is conserved in yeast, the eIF5A SUMOylation mutants are unable to completely suppress the defects of HYP2 mutants, and SUMOylation of eIF5A is important for both stress granules formation and disassembly of polysomes induced by heat-shock. Moreover, mutation of the SUMOylation sites in eIF5A abolishes its promigratory and proproliferative activities in PANC-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS SUMO2 conjugation to eIF5A is a stress-induced response implicated in the adaptation of yeast cells to heat-shock stress and required to promote the growth and migration of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Seoane
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tomás Lama-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Bioloxía Molecular, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonia María Romero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), C/ Américo Vespucio 24, Edificio Cabimer, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Ahmed El Motiam
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | | | - Santiago Vidal
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanis H Bouzaher
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Blanquer
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rocío M Tolosa
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Castillo Mewa
- Research Department in Genomics and Proteomics, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, 0816-02593, Panamá, Republic of Panama
| | - Manuel S Rodríguez
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination LCC-UPR 8241-CNRS, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris Xirodimas
- Montpellier Cell Biology Research Center (CRBM), CNRS-UMR 5237 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - James D Sutherland
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Paula Alepuz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto Bio TecMed, Universitat de València, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel G Blanco
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Bioloxía Molecular, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Rivas
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular (CIMUS), IDIS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avda Barcelona, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Yang Z, Yuan H, He H, Qi S, Zhu X, Hu X, Jin M, Zhang XX, Yuan ZG. Unlocking the role of EIF5A: A potential diagnostic marker regulating the cell cycle and showing negative correlation with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111227. [PMID: 37977067 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite EIF5A upregulation related to tumor progression in LUAD (lung adenocarcinoma), the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In addition, there are few comprehensive analyses of EIF5A in LUAD. METHODS We investigated the EIF5A expression level in LUAD patients using data from the TCGA and GEO databases. We employed qRT-PCR and western blot to verify EIF5A expression in cell lines, while immunohistochemistry was utilized for clinical sample analysis. We analyzed EIF5A expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells using the TISCH database and assessed its association with immune infiltration in LUAD using the "ESTIMATE" R package. Bioinformatics approaches were developed to discover the EIF5A-related genes and explore EIF5A potential mechanisms in LUAD. Proliferation ability was verified through CCK-8, clone formation, and EdU assays, while flow cytometry assessed apoptosis and cell cycle. Western blot was used to detect the expression of pathway-related proteins. RESULTS EIF5A was significantly upregulated in LUAD. Moreover, we constructed a MAZ-hsa-miR-424-3p-EIF5A transcriptional network. We explored the potential mechanism of EIF5A in LUAD and further investigated the cAMP signaling pathway and the cell cycle. Finally, we proved that EIF5A silencing induced G1/S Cell Cycle arrest, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited proliferation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION EIF5A serves as a prognostic biomarker with a negative correlation to immune infiltrates in LUAD. It regulated the cell cycle in LUAD by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Hao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Houjing He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Shuting Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China
| | - Xiu-Xiang Zhang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China.
| | - Zi-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, PR China.
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