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Li J, Gao L, Wang A, Qian H, Zhu J, Ji S, Chen J, Liu Z, Ji C. Forkhead box L2 is a target of miR-133b and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9826-9842. [PMID: 36846934 PMCID: PMC10166978 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) has been recognized as a transcription factor in the progression of many malignancies, but its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This research clarified on the role of FOXL2 and the specific molecular mechanism in NSCLC. METHODS RNA and protein levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting assays. Cell proliferation was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and clonogenic assays. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to detect cell invasion and migration. Cell cycle alterations were assessed by flow cytometry. The relationship between FOXL2 and miR-133b was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assays. In vivo metastasis was monitored in the tail vein-injected mice. RESULTS FOXL2 was upregulated in NSCLC cells and tissues. Downregulation of FOXL2 restrained cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and arrested the cell cycle of NSCLC cells. Moreover, FOXL2 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of NSCLC cells by inducing the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway. miR-133b directly targeted the 3'-UTR of FOXL2 and negatively regulated FOXL2 expression. Knockdown of FOXL2 blocked metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS miR-133b downregulates FOXL2 by targeting the 3'-UTR of FOXL2, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, EMT and metastasis induced by the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in NSCLC. FOXL2 may be a potential molecular target for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjie Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shundong Ji
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeyi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Llano E, Todeschini AL, Felipe-Medina N, Corte-Torres MD, Condezo YB, Sanchez-Martin M, López-Tamargo S, Astudillo A, Puente XS, Pendas AM, Veitia RA. The Oncogenic FOXL2 C134W Mutation Is a Key Driver of Granulosa Cell Tumors. Cancer Res 2023; 83:239-250. [PMID: 36409821 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCT) are the most common type of malignant ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Most AGCTs carry the somatic variant c.402C>G (p.C134W) affecting the transcription factor FOXL2. Germline dominant variants in FOXL2 are responsible for blepharophimosis syndrome, which is characterized by underdevelopment of the eyelid. In this work, we generated a mouse model harboring the C134W variant of FOXL2 to evaluate in vivo the poorly understood oncogenic role of FOXL2. The mutation was dominant regarding eyelid hypoplasia, reminiscent of blepharophimosis syndrome. Interestingly, Foxl2+/C134W female mice had reduced fertility and developed AGCTs through a progression from abnormal ovaries with aberrant granulosa cells to ovaries with stromal hyperplasia and atypia and on to tumors in adut mice. The genes dysregulated in mouse AGCTs exhibited the hallmarks of cancer and were consistent with a gain-of-function of the mutated allele affecting TGFβ signaling. A comparison of these data with previous results on human AGCTs indicated similar deregulated pathways. Finally, a mutational analysis of mouse AGCT transcriptomic data suggested the absence of additional driver mutations apart from FOXL2-C134W. These results provide a clear in vivo example in which a single mutational hit triggers tumor development associated with profound transcriptomic alterations. SIGNIFICANCE A newly generated mouse model carrying a FOXL2 mutation characteristic of adult-type granulosa cell tumors shows that FOXL2 C134W shifts the transcriptome towards a signature of granulosa cell cancer and drives tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Llano
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biologıía Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Natalia Felipe-Medina
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biologıía Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María D Corte-Torres
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias, Hospital Universitario del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yazmine B Condezo
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biologıía Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Sara López-Tamargo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Asturias, Hospital Universitario del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Xose S Puente
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto M Pendas
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biologıía Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France.,Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, Paris, France
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Arjoune A, Sirard MA. The genomic response of human granulosa cells (KGN) to melatonin and specific agonists/antagonists to the melatonin receptors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17539. [PMID: 36266374 PMCID: PMC9584952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a known modulator of follicle development; it acts through several molecular cascades via binding to its two specific receptors MT1 and MT2. Even though it is believed that melatonin can modulate granulosa cell (GC) functions, there is still limited knowledge of how it can act in human GC through MT1 and MT2 and which one is more implicated in the effects of melatonin on the metabolic processes in the dominant follicle. To better characterize the roles of these receptors on the effects of melatonin on follicular development, human granulosa-like tumor cells (KGN) were treated with specific melatonin receptor agonists and antagonists, and gene expression was analyzed with RNA-seq technology. Following appropriate normalization and the application of a fold change cut-off of 1.5 (FC 1.5, p ≤ 0.05) for each treatment, lists of the principal differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are generated. Analysis of major upstream regulators suggested that the MT1 receptor may be involved in the melatonin antiproliferative effect by reprogramming the metabolism of human GC by activating the PKB signaling pathway. Our data suggest that melatonin may act complementary through both MT1 and MT2 receptors to modulate human GC steroidogenesis, proliferation, and differentiation. However, MT2 receptors may be the ones implicated in transducing the effects of melatonin on the prevention of GC luteinization and follicle atresia at the antral follicular stage through stimulating the PKA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Arjoune
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre de recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Département des Sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada ,grid.419508.10000 0001 2295 3249Department of Animal Production, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre de recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de L’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Département des Sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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Ni N, Fang X, Mullens DA, Cai JJ, Ivanov I, Bartholin L, Li Q. Transcriptomic Profiling of Gene Expression Associated with Granulosa Cell Tumor Development in a Mouse Model. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2184. [PMID: 35565312 PMCID: PMC9105549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are rare sex cord-stromal tumors, accounting for ~5% ovarian tumors. The etiology of GCTs remains poorly defined. Genetically engineered mouse models are potentially valuable for understanding the pathogenesis of GCTs. Mice harboring constitutively active TGFβ signaling (TGFBR1-CA) develop ovarian GCTs that phenocopy several hormonal and molecular characteristics of human GCTs. To determine molecular alterations in the ovary upon TGFβ signaling activation, we performed transcriptomic profiling of gene expression associated with GCT development using ovaries from 1-month-old TGFBR1-CA mice and age-matched controls. RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis coupled with the validation of select target genes revealed dysregulations of multiple cellular events and signaling molecules/pathways. The differentially expressed genes are enriched not only for known GCT-related pathways and tumorigenic events but also for signaling events potentially mediated by neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, relaxin signaling, insulin signaling, and complements in TGFBR1-CA ovaries. Additionally, a comparative analysis of our data in mice with genes dysregulated in human GCTs or granulosa cells overexpressing a mutant FOXL2, the genetic hallmark of adult GCTs, identified some common genes altered in both conditions. In summary, this study has revealed the molecular signature of ovarian GCTs in a mouse model that harbors the constitutive activation of TGFBR1. The findings may be further exploited to understand the pathogenesis of a class of poorly defined ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ni
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (N.N.); (X.F.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (N.N.); (X.F.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Destiny A. Mullens
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (D.A.M.); (I.I.)
| | - James J. Cai
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (N.N.); (X.F.); (J.J.C.)
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (D.A.M.); (I.I.)
| | - Laurent Bartholin
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France;
- Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Qinglei Li
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (N.N.); (X.F.); (J.J.C.)
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Abd El hafez A. Nuclear Localization of SMAD3 as an Independent Predictor of Recurrence in Ovarian Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY AND CANCER RESEARCH 2021; 7:38-44. [DOI: 10.30699/jogcr.7.1.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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