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Zhang Y, Li Z, Hong W, Hsu S, Wang B, Zeng Z, Du S. STING-Dependent Sensing of Self-DNA Driving Pyroptosis Contributes to Radiation-Induced Lung Injury. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:928-941. [PMID: 37230431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) is indispensable for managing thoracic carcinomas. However, its application is limited by radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic RT. Nonetheless, the exact molecular mechanisms of RILI remain poorly understood. METHODS AND MATERIALS To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, various knockout mouse strains were subjected to 16 Gy whole-thoracic RT. RILI was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histology, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and computed tomography examination. To perform further mechanistic studies on the signaling cascade during the RILI process, pulldown, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, and rescue assays were conducted. RESULTS We found that the cGAS-STING pathway was significantly upregulated after irradiation exposure in both the mouse models and clinical lung tissues. Knocking down either cGAS or STING led to attenuated inflammation and fibrosis in mouse lung tissues. NLRP3 is hardwired to the upstream DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway to trigger of the inflammasome and amplification of the inflammatory response. STING deficiency suppressed the expressions of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis-pertinent components containing IL-1β, IL-18, GSDMD-N, and cleaved caspase-1. Mechanistically, interferon regulatory factor 3, the essential transcription factor downstream of cGAS-STING, promoted the pyroptosis by transcriptionally activating NLRP3. Moreover, we found that RT triggered the release of self-dsDNA in the bronchoalveolar space, which is essential for the activation of cGAS-STING and the downstream NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Of note, Pulmozyme, an old drug for the management of cystic fibrosis, was revealed to have the potential to mitigate RILI by degrading extracellular dsDNA and then inhibiting the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results delineated the crucial function of cGAS-STING as a key mediator of RILI and described a mechanism of pyroptosis linking cGAS-STING activation with the amplification of initial RILI. These findings indicate that the dsDNA-cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis might be potentially amenable to therapeutic targeting for RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongjuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital and Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujung Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaochong Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shisuo Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Steinmetz-Späh J, Jakobsson PJ. The anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties of mPGES-1 inhibition offer promising therapeutic potential. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1115-1123. [PMID: 38015194 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2285785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is produced by cyclooxygenases (COX-1/2) and the microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1). PGE2 is pro-inflammatory in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. While Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) targeting COX can effectively reduce inflammation, their use is limited by gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects resulting from the blockade of all prostanoids. To overcome this limitation, selective inhibition of mPGES-1 is being explored as an alternative therapeutic strategy to inhibit PGE2 production while sparing or even upregulating other prostaglandins. However, the exact timing and location of PGH2 conversion to PGD2, PGI2, TXB2 or PGF2α, and whether it hinders or supports the therapeutic effect of mPGES-1 inhibition, is not fully understood. AREAS COVERED The article briefly describes prostanoid history and metabolism with a strong focus on the vascular effects of prostanoids. Recent advances in mPGES-1 inhibitor development and results from pre-clinical and clinical studies are presented. Prostanoid shunting after mPGES-1 inhibition is highlighted and particularly discussed in the context of cardiovascular diseases. EXPERT OPINION The newest research demonstrates that inhibition of mPGES-1 is a potent anti-inflammatory treatment strategy and beneficial and safer regarding cardiovascular side effects compared to NSAIDs. Inhibitors of mPGES-1 hold great potential to advance to the clinic and there are ongoing phase-II trials in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinmetz-Späh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Stewart MJ, Weaver LM, Ding K, Kyomuhangi A, Loftin CD, Zheng F, Zhan CG. Analgesic effects of a highly selective mPGES-1 inhibitor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3326. [PMID: 36849491 PMCID: PMC9971260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing opioid use and overdose crisis in the US is closely related to the abuse of pain medications. Particularly for postoperative pain (POP), ~ 310 million major surgeries are performed globally per year. Most patients undergoing surgical procedures experience acute POP, and ~ 75% of those with POP report the severity as moderate, severe, or extreme. Opioid analgesics are the mainstay for POP management. It is highly desirable to develop a truly effective and safe non-opioid analgesic to treat POP and other forms of pain. Notably, microsomal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthase-1 (mPGES-1) was once proposed as a potentially promising target for a next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs based on studies in mPGES-1 knockouts. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have ever been reported to explore whether mPGES-1 is also a potential target for POP treatment. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that a highly selective mPGES-1 inhibitor can effectively relieve POP as well as other forms of pain through blocking the PGE2 overproduction. All the data have consistently demonstrated that mPGES-1 is a truly promising target for treatment of POP as well as other forms of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline J. Stewart
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA ,grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Lauren M. Weaver
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA ,grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Kai Ding
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Annet Kyomuhangi
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA ,grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Charles D. Loftin
- grid.266539.d0000 0004 1936 8438Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
| | - Fang Zheng
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Mikhail DS, El-Nassan HB, Mahmoud ST, Fahim SH. Nonacidic thiophene-based derivatives as potential analgesic and design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and metabolic stability study. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1739-1757. [PMID: 36074734 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs represent one of the most popularly used classes of drugs. However, their long-term administration is associated with various side effects including gastrointestinal ulceration. One of the major reasons of NSAIDs ulcerogenicity is direct damage of the epithelial lining cells by the acidic moieties present in many drugs. Another drawback for this acidic group is its rapid metabolism and clearance through Phase II conjugation. Three series of thiophene and thienopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as nonacidic anti-inflammatory agents. In vivo testing of their analgesic activity indicated that compounds 2b and 7a-d showed higher PI values than that of the positive control drugs, indomethacin and celecoxib. The latter compounds 2b and 7a-d were subjected to further anti-inflammatory activity testing where they showed comparable percentage edema inhibition to that of indomethacin and celecoxib. Compounds 2b, 7a, 7c, and 7d inhibited PGE2 synthesis by 61.10%-74.54% (71.47% for indomethacin, and 80.11% for celecoxib). The same compounds inhibited the expression of rat mPGES-1 and cPGES3 by 74%-83% (77% for indomethacin, and 82% for celecoxib) and 48%-70% (62% for indomethacin, and 70% for celecoxib), respectively. The stability of the most active compound 2b in Nonenzymatic gastrointestinal fluids and in human plasma was tested. Additionally, studying the metabolic stability of compound 2b in S9 rat liver fraction showed that it displayed a slow in vitro clearance with half-life time 1.5-fold longer than indomethacin. The metabolites of 2b were predicted via UPLC-MS/MS. In silico ADMET profiling study was also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demiana S Mikhail
- Department, of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala B El-Nassan
- Department, of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally T Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar H Fahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mamashli M, Nasseri S, Mohammadi Y, Ayati S, Zarban A. Anti-inflammatory effects of N-Acetylcysteine and Elaeagnus angustifolia extract on acute lung injury induced by λ-carrageenan in rat. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1759-1768. [PMID: 35723848 PMCID: PMC9207887 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a chemical compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and acts as a free radical scavenger. Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) is a plant native to the western part of Iran, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study been taken evaluated the protective effect afforded by EA and NAC extracts on carrageenan-induced acute lung injury in Wistar rats. In this study, 42 rats were randomly assigned into seven groups. NAC and EA extracts were orally administered once/day for 21 continuous days. Pulmonary damage was induced by intratracheal injection of 100 μl of 2% λ-Carrageenan on day 21. Twenty-four hours post-surgery, the rats were euthanized and the samples were collected. Pretreatment with NAC and EA extracts reduced the total and differential cell accumulation as well as IL-6, and TNF-α cytokines. Antioxidant indicators demonstrate that in the groups receiving NAC and EA extract, MDA decreased while thiol and antioxidant capacity elevated. Treatment with NAC and EA significantly reduced Carrageenan-induced pathological pulmonary tissue injury. NAC and EA extract has protective effects on acute carrageenan-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mamashli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghafari Street, Birjand, 9717853577, South Khorasan, Iran
| | - Saeed Nasseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Yaser Mohammadi
- Qaen School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sahar Ayati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Asghar Zarban
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghafari Street, Birjand, 9717853577, South Khorasan, Iran.
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Zhang YY, Yao YD, Luo JF, Liu ZQ, Huang YM, Wu FC, Sun QH, Liu JX, Zhou H. Microsomal prostaglandin E 2 synthase-1 and its inhibitors: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105977. [PMID: 34798265 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is closely linked to the abnormal phospholipid metabolism chain of cyclooxygenase-2/microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1/prostaglandin E2 (COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2). In clinical practice, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as upstream COX-2 enzyme activity inhibitors are widely used to block COX-2 cascade to relieve inflammatory response. However, NSAIDs could also cause cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects due to its inhibition on other prostaglandins generation. To avoid this, targeting downstream mPGES-1 instead of upstream COX is preferable to selectively block overexpressed PGE2 in inflammatory diseases. Some mPGES-1 inhibitor candidates including synthetic compounds, natural products and existing anti-inflammatory drugs have been proved to be effective in in vitro experiments. After 20 years of in-depth research on mPGES-1 and its inhibitors, ISC 27864 have completed phase II clinical trial. In this review, we intend to summarize mPGES-1 inhibitors focused on their inhibitory specificity with perspectives for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Yun-Da Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Jin-Fang Luo
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province 550025, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Ming Huang
- Hunan Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Company Group Ltd, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Fei-Chi Wu
- Hunan Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Company Group Ltd, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Qin-Hua Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province 418000, PR China.
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310053, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China; Zhuhai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 519000, PR China.
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Steinmetz-Späh J, Arefin S, Larsson K, Jahan J, Mudrovcic N, Wennberg L, Stenvinkel P, Korotkova M, Kublickiene K, Jakobsson PJ. Effects of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibition on resistance artery tone in patients with end stage kidney disease. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1433-1449. [PMID: 34766335 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of the microsomal prostaglandin (PG) E2 synthase (mPGES-1) introduces a promising anti-inflammatory treatment approach by specifically reducing PGE2 . The microvasculature is a central target organ for early manifestations of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, a better understanding of the prostaglandin system and characterising the effects of mPGES-1 inhibition in this vascular bed are of interest. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of mPGES-1 inhibition on constriction and relaxation of resistance arteries (Ø100-400μm) from patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and controls (Non-ESKD) were studied using wire-myography in combination with immunological and mass-spectrometry based analyses. KEY RESULTS Inhibition of mPGES-1 in arteries from ESKD patients and Non-ESKD controls significantly reduced adrenergic vasoconstriction, which was not affected by the COX-2 inhibitors NS-398 and Etoricoxib or the COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor Indomethacin, tested in Non-ESKD controls. Correspondingly, a significant increase of acetylcholine-induced dilatation was observed for mPGES-1 inhibition only. In IL-1β treated arteries, inhibition of mPGES-1 significantly reduced PGE2 levels while PGI2 levels remained unchanged. In contrast, COX-2 inhibition blocked the formation of both prostaglandins. Blockage of PGI2 signaling with an IP receptor antagonist did not restore the reduced constriction, neither did blocking of PGE2 -EP4 or signaling through PPARγ. A biphasic effect was observed for PGE2 , inducing dilatation at nmol and constriction at μmol concentrations. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of mPGES-1, COX-1, PGIS, weak expression for COX-2 as well as receptor expression for PGE2 (EP1-4), thromboxane (TP) and PGI2 (IP) in ESKD and Non-ESKD. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates vasodilating effects following mPGES-1 inhibition in human microvasculature and suggests that several pathways besides shunting to PGI2 may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinmetz-Späh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samsul Arefin
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Larsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jabin Jahan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neja Mudrovcic
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wennberg
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Korotkova
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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