1
|
Yuan F, Cai X, Wang Y, Du C, Cong Z, Zeng X, Tang C, Ma C. Comprehensive analysis of m 6A subtype classification for immune microenvironment of pituitary adenomas. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110784. [PMID: 37607464 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation and tumor immune microenvironment (IME) have an essential role in tumor development. However, their relationships in pituitary adenomas (PAs) remains unclear. METHODS PA datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) were used. We utilized hierarchical clustering algorithms based on the m6A regulator gene set to identify m6A subtypes. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were applied to explore the compositions of stromal and immune cells. A nomogram model was constructed for the prediction of m6A subtypes in PAs. Immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence staining were used to analyze the expression level of m6A regulator YTHDF2 in relation to M2 macrophages and immune checkpoints in PAs. RESULTS We concluded the IME landscape of m6A subtype classification and characterized two emerging m6A subtypes. Different IME between these two m6A subtypes were identified. Simultaneously, a polygenic nomogram model was constructed for predicting m6A subtype classification, with excellent predictive performance (training set, AUC = 0.984; validation set, AUC = 0.986). YTHDF2 was highly expressed in PAs and accompanied by upregulated M2 macrophages and expression of PD-L1. CONCLUSIONS We proposed two novel m6A subtypes in PAs for the first time and constructed a reliable and clinically accessible nomogram model for them. Meanwhile, YTHDF2 was first identified as a promising biomarker for immunotherapy and potential molecular target in PAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangming Cai
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Chaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixiang Cong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinrui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Jinling Hospital of Southern Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumari S, Kumar S, Muthuswamy S. RNA N6-methyladenosine modification in regulating cancer stem cells and tumor immune microenvironment and its implication for cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1621-1633. [PMID: 35796777 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Therapy resistance is a well-known phenomenon in cancer treatment. It can be intrinsic or acquired, accountable for frequent tumor relapse and death worldwide. The interplay between cancer cells and their neighboring environment can activate complex signaling mechanisms influencing epigenetic changes and maintain cancer cell survival leading to the malignant phenotype. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and constitute the primary source of drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Studies have shown that cancer cells exhibit dysregulated RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) "writers," "erasers," and "readers" levels after acquiring drug resistance. The present review provides novel insight into the role of m6A modifiers involved in CSC generation, cancer cell proliferation, and therapy resistance. m6A RNA modifications in the cross-talk between CSC and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) have also been highlighted. Further, we have discussed the therapeutic potential of targeting m6A machinery for cancer diagnosis and the development of new therapies for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra Kumari
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou X, Li C, Chen T, Li W, Wang X, Yang Q. Targeting RNA N6-methyladenosine to synergize with immune checkpoint therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:36. [PMID: 36810108 PMCID: PMC9942356 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint therapy, has revolutionized therapeutic options by reactivating the host immune system. However, the efficacy varies, and only a small portion of patients develop sustained antitumor responses. Hence, illustrating novel strategies that improve the clinical outcome of immune checkpoint therapy is urgently needed. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been proved to be an efficient and dynamic posttranscriptional modification process. It is involved in numerous RNA processing, such as splicing, trafficking, translation and degradation. Compelling evidence emphasizes the paramount role of m6A modification in the regulation of immune response. These findings may provide a foundation for the rational combination of targeting m6A modification and immune checkpoints in cancer treatment. In the present review, we summarize the current landscape of m6A modification in RNA biology, and highlight the latest findings on the complex mechanisms by which m6A modification governs immune checkpoint molecules. Furthermore, given the critical role of m6A modification in antitumor immunity, we discuss the clinical significance of targeting m6A modification to improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy for cancer control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China ,grid.476866.dDepartment of Breast Surgery, Binzhou People’s Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road No. 107, Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Department of Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Xi Road No. 107, Shandong, Jinan, China. .,Research Institute of Breast Cancer, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Fan Y, Tang M, Li H, Zhang Y, Mi J, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wang Z, Su F. PLXDC1 Can Be a Biomarker for Poor Prognosis and Immune Evasion in Gastric Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5439-5455. [PMID: 36147688 PMCID: PMC9488617 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s383191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research has revealed that Plexin domain containing 1 (PLXDC1) is correlated with the prognosis of a variety of tumors, but its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of gastric cancer has not been reported. Methods In this study, we analyzed PLXDC1 expression in gastric cancer using the Oncomine and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and immunohistochemical staining experiments, and performed prognostic assessment with data from the TCGA and Kaplan–Meier Plotter databases. The immunomodulatory role of PLXDC1 in the gastric cancer TME was analyzed by signaling pathway enrichment, immune cell correlation analysis, immunomodulator risk model construction and immunohistochemical staining experiments of immune cells. Results The results indicated that PLXDC1 was overexpressed in gastric cancer and that its overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that PLXDC1 could be an independent biomarker of the risk of gastric cancer. Signaling pathway enrichment revealed that high PLXDC1 expression was involved in signaling pathways related to immune activation and stromal activation, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) assessment indicated that high PLXDC1 expression was associated with a significantly higher risk of immune evasion than low PLXDC1 expression. A Cox risk model based on PLXDC1-associated immunomodulators also presented poor prognosis, and immune evasion was significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of CD8/CD3/CD4+ T cells in the high and low PLXDC1 expression groups also observed immune cell distribution characteristics of immune evasion. Conclusion This study analyzed PLXDC1 from multiple biological perspectives and revealed that PLXDC1 can be a biomarker for poor prognosis and immune evasion in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfei Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Mi
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Application of mRNA Technology in Cancer Therapeutics. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081262. [PMID: 36016150 PMCID: PMC9415393 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA-based therapeutics pose as promising treatment strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Improvements in materials and technology of delivery systems have helped to overcome major obstacles in generating a sufficient immune response required to fight a specific type of cancer. Several in vivo models and early clinical studies have suggested that various mRNA treatment platforms can induce cancer-specific cytolytic activity, leading to numerous clinical trials to determine the optimal method of combinations and sequencing with already established agents in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, further research is required to optimize RNA stabilization, delivery platforms, and improve clinical efficacy by interacting with the tumor microenvironment to induce a long-term antitumor response. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the available evidence on the recent advances and efforts to overcome existing challenges of mRNA-based treatment strategies, and how these efforts play key roles in offering perceptive insights into future considerations for clinical application.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pavlidis ET, Sapalidis KG, Pavlidis TE. Modern aspects of the management of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: a narrative review. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2022; 63:491-502. [PMID: 36588487 PMCID: PMC9926151 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.63.3.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) account for approximately 35% of all cystic tumors in the pancreas and represent the largest subgroup. They are characterized by mucin production and intraductal papillary epithelium growth. IPMNs range from benign to malignant lesions. Biomarkers combined with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18FDG-PET) is the best diagnostic tool. The risk of malignant transformation for main-duct IPMNs is between 34-68% and for low-risk branch-duct (BD)-IPMNs it is 1.1%. Monitoring is crucial for determining the optimal time of surgical excision. Novel artificial intelligence combining clinical, tumor biomarkers, imaging and molecular genomics plays a determinant role in the evaluation of such lesions. The first diagnostic tool is multidetector helical computed tomography (MDHCT) or up-to-date magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI detects malignancy by enhancing mural nodules ≥3 mm. Novel endosonographic interventional techniques have been added to the diagnostic armamentarium. Pancreatoscopy is feasible and effective but challenging for evaluating the diagnosis, invasiveness, and extent of IPMNs. Its findings may change the surgical approach. Pancreatic juice and duodenal fluid have been used recently for molecular biological analysis. The genes most frequently altered include Kirsten rat sarcoma viral proto-oncogene (KRAS), tumor protein p53 (TP53), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4), and guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating (GNAS). Despite the advances in diagnostic modalities, assessment of this premalignant lesion of pancreatic cancer, with its poor prognosis, is a challenging task. Pancreatectomy is the indicated approach for malignant or high-risk IPMNs with potent malignancy. Conservative management or enucleation for preserving the pancreas of low-risk BD-IPMNs is recommended, but long-term follow-up for recurrence is necessary. The management of IPMNs must be individualized based on preoperative high-risk stigmata and worrisome features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios T Pavlidis
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 2nd Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sa R, Liang R, Qiu X, He Z, Liu Z, Chen L. Targeting IGF2BP2 Promotes Differentiation of Radioiodine Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer via Destabilizing RUNX2 mRNA. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051268. [PMID: 35267576 PMCID: PMC8909796 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Differentiation therapy is one of the most promising treatment approaches for radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer (RR-PTC). In this study, we found that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 promoted dedifferentiation of PTC via integrating to 3′-untranslated regions of runt-related transcription factor 2, which bound to the promoter region of sodium/iodide symporter, downregulating its expression. Abstract N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators play an important role in multiple biological and pathological processes of radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid cancer (RR-PTC). However, the function of m6A regulators in differentiation of RR-PTC remains unclear. In this study, online data, clinical samples, and RR-PTC cell lines (K1 and TPC1) were used to identify the m6A regulators that contributed to the differentiation of RR-PTC. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) was found to be associated with thyroid-specific genes in online data analyses, and metastatic PTCs with high expression of IGF2BP2 were prone to be 131I-nonavid in clinical analyses. Furthermore, targeting IGF2BP2 increased 125I uptake in RR-PTC cell lines and enhanced the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression. Mechanistically, IGF2BP2 bound to the m6A modification site of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) 3′-UTR and enhanced the RUNX2 mRNA stability. Moreover, RUNX2 could bind to the promoter region of NIS to block the differentiation of RR-PTC. Together, these results demonstrated that IGF2BP2 represents a diagnostic marker for RR-PTC, suggesting a novel differentiation therapeutic strategy of targeting IGF2BP2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ri Sa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600# Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (R.S.); (X.Q.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1# Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Xian Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600# Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (R.S.); (X.Q.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ziyan He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600# Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (R.S.); (X.Q.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600# Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-189-3017-2295 (Z.L.); +86-216-436-9181(L.C.)
| | - Libo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, 600# Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China; (R.S.); (X.Q.); (Z.H.)
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (L.C.); Tel.: +86-189-3017-2295 (Z.L.); +86-216-436-9181(L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fan Y, Zhou Y, Lou M, Li X, Zhu X, Yuan K. m6A Regulator-Mediated Methylation Modification Patterns and Characterisation of Tumour Microenvironment Infiltration in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1969-1989. [PMID: 35356071 PMCID: PMC8958726 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s356841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Lou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Heart and Lung Disease Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kai Yuan, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 29 Xinglong Lane, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13915890721, Email
| |
Collapse
|