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Scafetta G, D'Alessandria C, Bartolazzi A. Galectin-3 and cancer immunotherapy: a glycobiological rationale to overcome tumor immune escape. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:41. [PMID: 38317202 PMCID: PMC10845537 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has radically changed the landscape of therapeutic opportunities in oncology, but much still needs to be understood from a mechanistic point of view. There is space for further improving tumors' response to ICIs, as supported by a strong biological rationale. For this achievement a detailed analysis of tumor cell phenotype with functional dissection of the molecular interactions occurring in the TME is required. Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic tumor relevant molecule, which deserves particular attention in immuno-oncology. Due to its ability to finely modulate immune response in vivo, Galectin-3 is a potential target molecule to be considered for overcoming tumor immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Scafetta
- Pathology Research Laboratory St, Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Nuclear Medicine Department, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Pathology Research Laboratory St, Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy.
- Pathology Research Laboratory Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Hospital, S-17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Arduino I, Di Fonte R, Tiboni M, Porcelli L, Serratì S, Fondaj D, Rafaschieri T, Cutrignelli A, Guida G, Casettari L, Azzariti A, Lopedota AA, Denora N, Iacobazzi RM. Microfluidic development and biological evaluation of targeted therapy-loaded biomimetic nano system to improve the metastatic melanoma treatment. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123697. [PMID: 38081557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing current therapies is among next steps in metastatic melanoma (MM) treatment landscape. The innovation of this study is the design of production process by microfluidics of cell membrane (CM)-modified nanoparticles (NPs), as an emerging biomimetic platform that allows for reduced immune clearance, long blood circulation time and improved specific tumor targeting. To achieve melanoma selectivity, direct membrane fusion between synthetic liposomes and CMs extracted from MM cell line was performed by microfluidic sonication approach, then the hybrid liposomes were loaded with cobimetinib (Cob) or lenvatinib (Lenva) targeting agents and challenged against MM cell lines and liver cancer cell line to evaluate homotypic targeting and antitumor efficacy. Characterization studies demonstrated the effective fusion of CM with liposome and the high encapsulation efficiency of both drugs, showing the proficiency of microfluidic-based production. By studying the targeting of melanoma cells by hybrid liposomes versus liposomes, we found that both NPs entered cells through endocytosis, whereas the former showed higher selectivity for MM cells from which CM was extracted, with 8-fold higher cellular uptake than liposomes. Hybrid liposome formulation of Cob and Lenva reduced melanoma cells viability to a greater extent than liposomes and free drug and, notably, showed negligible toxicity as demonstrated by bona fide haemolysis test. The CM-modified NPs presented here have the potential to broaden the choice of therapeutic options in MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Arduino
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Tiboni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Simona Serratì
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Dafina Fondaj
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Cutrignelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Guida
- Department of Traslational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), School of Medicine, University of Bari "A. Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Iacobazzi
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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