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Zhang M, Niu J, Xu M, Wei E, Liu P, Sheng G. Interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and lysosomal storage: challenges in genetic metabolic muscle diseases with a focus on infantile onset Pompe disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1367108. [PMID: 38450370 PMCID: PMC10916335 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1367108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pompe disease (PD) is a rare, progressive autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder that directly impacts mitochondrial function, leading to structural abnormalities and potentially culminating in heart failure or cardiogenic shock. The clinical course and molecular mechanisms of the disease remain incompletely understood. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis to examine the clinical manifestations, genetic traits, and the relationship between PD and mitochondrial function in a pediatric patient. This comprehensive evaluation included the use of ultrasound echocardiograms, computed tomography (CT) scans, electrocardiograms, mutagenesis analysis, and structural analysis to gain insights into the patient's condition and the underlying mechanisms of PD. For structural analysis and visualization, the structure of protein data bank ID 5KZX of human GAA was used, and VMD software was used for visualization and analysis. Results The study revealed that a 5-month-old male infant was admitted due to fever, with physical examination finding abnormal cardiopulmonary function and hepatomegaly. Laboratory tests and echocardiography confirmed heart failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Despite a week of treatment, which normalized body temperature and reduced pulmonary inflammation, cardiac abnormalities did not show significant improvement. Further genetic testing identified a homozygous mutation c.2662G>T (p.E888) in the GAA gene, leading to a diagnosis of Infantile-Onset Pompe Disease (IOPD). Conclusions Although enzyme replacement therapy can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with PD, enhancing mitochondrial function may represent a new therapeutic strategy for treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guangyao Sheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Labella B, Cotti Piccinelli S, Risi B, Caria F, Damioli S, Bertella E, Poli L, Padovani A, Filosto M. A Comprehensive Update on Late-Onset Pompe Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1279. [PMID: 37759679 PMCID: PMC10526932 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GAA gene that lead to a deficiency in the acid alpha-glucosidase enzyme. Two clinical presentations are usually considered, named infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) and late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD), which differ in age of onset, organ involvement, and severity of disease. Assessment of acid alpha-glucosidase activity on a dried blood spot is the first-line screening test, which needs to be confirmed by genetic analysis in case of suspected deficiency. LOPD is a multi-system disease, thus requiring a multidisciplinary approach for efficacious management. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which was introduced over 15 years ago, changes the natural progression of the disease. However, it has limitations, including a reduction in efficacy over time and heterogeneous therapeutic responses among patients. Novel therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, are currently under study. We provide a comprehensive review of diagnostic advances in LOPD and a critical discussion about the advantages and limitations of current and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Labella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (B.L.); (S.C.P.); (A.P.)
- Unit of Neurology, ASST Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Stefano Cotti Piccinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (B.L.); (S.C.P.); (A.P.)
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Barbara Risi
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Filomena Caria
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Simona Damioli
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Enrica Bertella
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Loris Poli
- Unit of Neurology, ASST Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (B.L.); (S.C.P.); (A.P.)
- Unit of Neurology, ASST Spedali Civili, 25100 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Filosto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy; (B.L.); (S.C.P.); (A.P.)
- NeMO-Brescia Clinical Center for Neuromuscular Diseases, 25064 Brescia, Italy; (B.R.); (F.C.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
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Tore D, Faletti R, Gaetani C, Bozzo E, Biondo A, Carisio A, Menchini F, Miccolis M, Papa FP, Trovato M, Fonio P, Gatti M. Cardiac magnetic resonance of hypertrophic heart phenotype: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17336. [PMID: 37441401 PMCID: PMC10333467 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic heart phenotype is characterized by an abnormal left ventricular (LV) thickening. A hypertrophic phenotype can develop as adaptive response in many different conditions such as aortic stenosis, hypertension, athletic training, infiltrative heart muscle diseases, storage disorders and metabolic disorders. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most frequent primary cardiomyopathy (CMP) and a genetical cause of cardiac hypertrophy. It requires the exclusion of any other cause of LV hypertrophy. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a comprehensive imaging technique that allows a detailed evaluation of myocardial diseases. It provides reproducible measurements and myocardial tissue characterization. In clinical practice CMR is increasingly used to confirm the presence of ventricular hypertrophy, to detect the underlying cause of the phenotype and more recently as an efficient prognostic tool. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of the applications of CMR in the setting of hypertrophic heart phenotype and its role in the diagnostic workflow of such condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Tore
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Faletti
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Clara Gaetani
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Bozzo
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondo
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Carisio
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Menchini
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Miccolis
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Pio Papa
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Trovato
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Fonio
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Gatti
- Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Beyond Sarcomeric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: How to Diagnose and Manage Phenocopies. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:1567-1585. [PMID: 36053410 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We describe the most common phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, their pathogenesis, and clinical presentation highlighting similarities and differences. We also suggest a step-by-step diagnostic work-up that can guide in differential diagnosis and management. RECENT FINDINGS In the last years, a wider application of genetic testing and the advances in cardiac imaging have significantly changed the diagnostic approach to HCM phenocopies. Different prognosis and management, with an increasing availability of disease-specific therapies, make differential diagnosis mandatory. The HCM phenotype can be the cardiac manifestation of different inherited and acquired disorders presenting different etiology, prognosis, and treatment. Differential diagnosis requires a cardiomyopathic mindset allowing to recognize red flags throughout the diagnostic work-up starting from clinical and family history and ending with advanced imaging and genetic testing. Different prognosis and management, with an increasing availability of disease-specific therapies make differential diagnosis mandatory.
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Christidi A, Mavrogeni SI. Rare Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases with Cardiovascular Involvement: Insights from Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance - A Review. Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:339-353. [PMID: 35526533 DOI: 10.1055/a-1846-4878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The identification of rare diseases with cardiovascular involvement poses significant diagnostic challenges due to the rarity of the diseases, but also due to the lack of knowledge and expertise. Most of them remain underrecognized and undiagnosed, leading to clinical mismanagement and affecting the patients' prognosis, as these diseases are per definition life-threatening or chronic debilitating. This article reviews the cardiovascular involvement of the most well-known rare metabolic and endocrine diseases and their diagnostic approach through the lens of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and its prognostic role, highlighting its fundamental value compared to other imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Christidi
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Euromedica General Clinic, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sophie I Mavrogeni
- Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece, Exercise Physiology and Sport Medicine Clinic, Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair in Adolescent Health Care, Athens, Greece
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6
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Cardiac Complications of Neuromuscular Disorders. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-71317-7.00003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ranganath PG, Tower-Rader A. Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies. Curr Cardiol Rep 2021; 23:87. [PMID: 34081227 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diagnosis of infiltrative cardiomyopathies can be challenging despite differences in clinical manifestations due to overlapping cardiac manifestations. We review the salient findings by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging that aids in diagnosis, as well the potential implications for prognosis and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has added substantially to our understanding of various infiltrative cardiomyopathies, and the addition of late gadolinium enhancement imaging and parametric mapping has yielded additional insights regarding potential diagnoses, prognosis, and therapy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging should be employed in the setting of suspected hypertrophic or infiltrative cardiomyopathies to aid in diagnosis. In the setting of cardiac amyloidosis and Fabry disease, there is data to suggest that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is useful for risk stratification as well as for monitoring response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albree Tower-Rader
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 5B, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Phenotypic implications of pathogenic variant types in Pompe disease. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:1089-1099. [PMID: 33972680 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-021-00935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Newborn screening and therapies for Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II, acid maltase deficiency) will continue to expand in the future. It is thus important to determine whether enzyme activity or type of pathogenic genetic variant in GAA can best predict phenotypic severity, particularly the presence of infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) versus late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD). We performed a retrospective analysis of 23 participants with genetically-confirmed cases of Pompe disease. The following data were collected: clinical details including presence or absence of cardiomyopathy, enzyme activity levels, and features of GAA variants including exon versus intron location and splice site versus non-splice site. Several combinations of GAA variant types for individual participants had significant associations with disease subtype, cardiomyopathy, age at diagnosis, gross motor function scale (GMFS), and stability of body weight. The presence of at least one splice site variant (c.546 G > C/p.T182 = , c.1076-22 T > G, c.2646 + 2 T > A, and the classic c.-32-13T > G variant) was associated with LOPD, while the presence of non-splice site variants on both alleles was associated with IOPD. Enzyme activity levels in isolation were not sufficient to predict disease subtype or other major clinical features. To extend the findings of prior studies, we found that multiple types of splice site variants beyond the classic c.-32-13T > G variant are often associated with a milder phenotype. Enzyme activity levels continue to have utility for supporting the diagnosis when the genetic variants are ambiguous. It is important for newly diagnosed patients with Pompe disease to have complete genetic, cardiac, and neurological evaluations.
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van Kooten HA, Roelen CHA, Brusse E, van der Beek NAME, Michels M, van der Ploeg AT, Wagenmakers MAEM, van Doorn PA. Cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe disease: A systematic review. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:79-90. [PMID: 33386209 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pompe disease is a rare inherited metabolic and neuromuscular disorder, presenting as a spectrum, with the classic infantile form on one end and the more slowly progressive non-classic form on the other end. While being a hallmark in classic infantile Pompe disease, cardiac involvement in non-classic Pompe disease seems rare. Vascular abnormalities, such as aneurysms and arterial dolichoectasia, likely caused by glycogen accumulation in arterial walls, have been reported in non-classic Pompe patients. With this first systematic review on cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe disease, we aim to gain insight in the prevalence and etiology of cardiovascular disease in these patients. Forty-eight studies (eight case-control studies, 15 cohort studies and 25 case reports/series) were included. Fourteen studies reported cardiac findings, 25 studies described vascular findings, and nine studies reported both cardiac and vascular findings. Severe cardiac involvement in non-classic Pompe disease patients has rarely been reported, particularly in adult-onset patients carrying the common IVS1 mutation. There are indications that intracranial dolichoectasia and aneurysms are more prevalent in non-classic Pompe patients compared to the general population. To further investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in non-classic Pompe patients, larger case-control studies that also study established cardiovascular risk factors should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A van Kooten
- Department of Neurology, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C H A Roelen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Brusse
- Department of Neurology, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N A M E van der Beek
- Department of Neurology, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A T van der Ploeg
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M A E M Wagenmakers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P A van Doorn
- Department of Neurology, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Shah NM, Sharma L, Ganeshamoorthy S, Kaltsakas G. Respiratory failure and sleep-disordered breathing in late-onset Pompe disease: a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:S235-S247. [PMID: 33214927 PMCID: PMC7642632 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-cus-2020-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare autosomal recessive glycogen storage disease that results in accumulation of glycogen in muscle cells causing muscular weakness. It causes a progressive proximal myopathy, accompanied by respiratory muscle weakness, which can lead to ventilatory failure. In untreated LOPD, the most common cause of death is respiratory failure. Patients suffering from respiratory compromise may present with symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) before overt signs of respiratory failure. Diaphragm weakness leads to nocturnal hypoventilation, which can result in sleep disruption. Both subjective and objective sleep quality can be impaired with associated excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Health-related quality of life worsens as sleep disturbance increases. The mainstay of treatment for SDB and respiratory failure in LOPD is non-invasive ventilation (NIV), which aims to ensure adequate ventilation, particularly during sleep, and prevent acute hypercapnic failure. These patients are at risk of acute deterioration due to lower respiratory tract infections; effective secretion clearance and vaccination against common pathogens is an important facet of care. Whilst disease-modifying enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) delays progression of locomotor dysfunction and prolongs life, its effect on respiratory function and SDB remains unclear. There are no data demonstrating the impact of ERT on sleep quality or SDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Mukesh Shah
- Lane Fox Respiratory Service, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Lane Fox Clinical Respiratory Physiology Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Lakshya Sharma
- Lane Fox Respiratory Service, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Santhosh Ganeshamoorthy
- Lane Fox Respiratory Service, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Georgios Kaltsakas
- Lane Fox Respiratory Service, St. Thomas’ Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Lane Fox Clinical Respiratory Physiology Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences (CHAPS), King’s College London, London, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common presentation encountered in clinical practice with a diverse range of potential aetiologies. Differentiation of pathological from physiological hypertrophy can be challenging but is crucial for further management and prognostication. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with advanced myocardial tissue characterisation is a powerful tool that may help to differentiate these aetiologies in the assessment of LVH. RECENT FINDINGS The use of CMR for detailed morphological assessment of LVH is well described. More recently, advanced CMR techniques (late gadolinium enhancement, parametric mapping, diffusion tensor imaging, and myocardial strain) have been used. These techniques are highly promising in helping to differentiate key aetiologies of LVH and provide valuable prognostic information. Recent advancements in CMR tissue characterisation, such as parametric mapping, in combination with detailed morphological assessment and late gadolinium enhancement, provide a powerful resource that may help assess and differentiate important causes of LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Burrage
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Vanessa M Ferreira
- University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Level 0, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To examine recent developments relating to cardiac involvement in the adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and those inherited muscle diseases which may present in adulthood and mimic IIM. RECENT FINDINGS Cardiac involvement is a common feature of IIM and inherited muscle diseases. Frequency according to disease subtype varies, with serotype having particular influence in IIM, and genotype in the inherited muscle diseases. Innovative techniques for examining cardiac function have been investigated further, including speckle-tracking echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance tomography. The present work has highlighted a likely underestimate of the burden of cardiac disease to date. The complex relationship between IIM, atherosclerosis, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors has been further elucidated. Consensus recommendations for managing patients with inherited muscle diseases and prominent cardiac involvement have been recently published. In addition to supportive care, disease modifying treatments are increasingly becoming available for inherited muscle diseases which may also improve cardiac outcomes. SUMMARY Cardiac involvement is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We suggest having a low threshold for considering the possibility of cardiac involvement in all patients with muscle disease.
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Giuliani L, Di Toro A, Urtis M, Smirnova A, Concardi M, Favalli V, Serio A, Grasso M, Arbustini E. Hereditary muscle diseases and the heart: the cardiologist’s perspective. Eur Heart J Suppl 2020; 22:E13-E19. [PMID: 32523431 PMCID: PMC7270924 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Giuliani
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Toro
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Urtis
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alexandra Smirnova
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Concardi
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Serio
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizia Grasso
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eloisa Arbustini
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Arbustini E, Di Toro A, Giuliani L, Favalli V, Narula N, Grasso M. Cardiac Phenotypes in Hereditary Muscle Disorders: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:2485-2506. [PMID: 30442292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary muscular diseases commonly involve the heart. Cardiac manifestations encompass a spectrum of phenotypes, including both cardiomyopathies and rhythm disorders. Common biomarkers suggesting cardiomuscular diseases include increased circulating creatine kinase and/or lactic acid levels or disease-specific metabolic indicators. Cardiac and extra-cardiac traits, imaging tests, family studies, and genetic testing provide precise diagnoses. Cardiac phenotypes are mainly dilated and hypokinetic in dystrophinopathies, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophies, and limb girdle muscular dystrophies; hypertrophic in Friedreich ataxia, mitochondrial diseases, glycogen storage diseases, and fatty acid oxidation disorders; and restrictive in myofibrillar myopathies. Left ventricular noncompaction is variably associated with the different myopathies. Conduction defects and arrhythmias constitute a major phenotype in myotonic dystrophies and skeletal muscle channelopathies. Although the actual cardiac management is rarely based on the cause, the cardiac phenotypes need precise characterization because they are often the only or the predominant manifestations and the prognostic determinants of many hereditary muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Arbustini
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Di Toro
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giuliani
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Nupoor Narula
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maurizia Grasso
- Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Foundation, University Hospital Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Sardanelli F, Schiaffino S, Zanardo M, Secchi F, Cannaò PM, Ambrogi F, Di Leo G. Point estimate and reference normality interval of MRI-derived myocardial extracellular volume in healthy subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2019; 29:6620-6633. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Manning WJ. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 2017. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:89. [PMID: 30593280 PMCID: PMC6309095 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There were 106 articles published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) in 2017, including 92 original research papers, 3 reviews, 9 technical notes, and 1 Position paper, 1 erratum and 1 correction. The volume was similar to 2016 despite an increase in manuscript submissions to 405 and thus reflects a slight decrease in the acceptance rate to 26.7%. The quality of the submissions continues to be high. The 2017 JCMR Impact Factor (which is published in June 2018) was minimally lower at 5.46 (vs. 5.71 for 2016; as published in June 2017), which is the second highest impact factor ever recorded for JCMR. The 2017 impact factor means that an average, each JCMR paper that were published in 2015 and 2016 was cited 5.46 times in 2017.In accordance with Open-Access publishing of Biomed Central, the JCMR articles are published on-line in continuus fashion and in the chronologic order of acceptance, with no collating of the articles into sections or special thematic issues. For this reason, over the years, the Editors have felt that it is useful to annually summarize the publications into broad areas of interest or theme, so that readers can view areas of interest in a single article in relation to each other and other contemporary JCMR articles. In this publication, the manuscripts are presented in broad themes and set in context with related literature and previously published JCMR papers to guide continuity of thought within the journal. In addition, I have elected to use this format to convey information regarding the editorial process to the readership.I hope that you find the open-access system increases wider reading and citation of your papers, and that you will continue to send your very best, high quality manuscripts to JCMR for consideration. I thank our very dedicated Associate Editors, Guest Editors, and Reviewers for their efforts to ensure that the review process occurs in a timely and responsible manner and that the JCMR continues to be recognized as the forefront journal of our field. And finally, I thank you for entrusting me with the editorship of the JCMR as I begin my 3rd year as your editor-in-chief. It has been a tremendous learning experience for me and the opportunity to review manuscripts that reflect the best in our field remains a great joy and highlight of my week!
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren J Manning
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Finsterer J. Dilative arteriopathy in Pompe disease may not only affect the cerebral arteries. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2018; 17:1. [PMID: 30175046 PMCID: PMC6116777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Veterinary University of Vienna, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria
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Prognostic value of T1 mapping and extracellular volume fraction in cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart Fail Rev 2018; 23:723-731. [DOI: 10.1007/s10741-018-9718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Manning WJ. Review of Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) 2015-2016 and transition of the JCMR office to Boston. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017; 19:108. [PMID: 29284487 PMCID: PMC5747150 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-017-0423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (JCMR) is the official publication of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR). In 2016, the JCMR published 93 manuscripts, including 80 research papers, 6 reviews, 5 technical notes, 1 protocol, and 1 case report. The number of manuscripts published was similar to 2015 though with a 12% increase in manuscript submissions to an all-time high of 369. This reflects a decrease in the overall acceptance rate to <25% (excluding solicited reviews). The quality of submissions to JCMR continues to be high. The 2016 JCMR Impact Factor (which is published in June 2016 by Thomson Reuters) was steady at 5.601 (vs. 5.71 for 2015; as published in June 2016), which is the second highest impact factor ever recorded for JCMR. The 2016 impact factor means that the JCMR papers that were published in 2014 and 2015 were on-average cited 5.71 times in 2016.In accordance with Open-Access publishing of Biomed Central, the JCMR articles are published on-line in the order that they are accepted with no collating of the articles into sections or special thematic issues. For this reason, over the years, the Editors have felt that it is useful to annually summarize the publications into broad areas of interest or themes, so that readers can view areas of interest in a single article in relation to each other and other recent JCMR articles. The papers are presented in broad themes with previously published JCMR papers to guide continuity of thought in the journal. In addition, I have elected to open this publication with information for the readership regarding the transition of the JCMR editorial office to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston and the editorial process.Though there is an author publication charge (APC) associated with open-access to cover the publisher's expenses, this format provides a much wider distribution/availability of the author's work and greater manuscript citation. For SCMR members, there is a substantial discount in the APC. I hope that you will continue to send your high quality manuscripts to JCMR for consideration. Importantly, I also ask that you consider referencing recent JCMR publications in your submissions to the JCMR and elsewhere as these contribute to our impact factor. I also thank our dedicated Associate Editors, Guest Editors, and reviewers for their many efforts to ensure that the review process occurs in a timely and responsible manner and that the JCMR continues to be recognized as the leading publication in our field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren J Manning
- From the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Editorial Office and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Imaging of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: a Practical Utility for Differential Diagnosis and Assessment of Disease Severity. Curr Cardiol Rep 2017. [PMID: 28639223 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-017-0875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is often encountered in clinical practice, and it is a risk factor for cardiac mortality and morbidity. Determination of the etiology and disease severity is important for the management of patients with LVH. The aim of this review is to show the remarkable progress in cardiac imaging and its importance in clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS This review focuses on clinical features and characteristic cardiac imaging in LVH caused by various diseases including hypertension, aortic valve stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and secondary cardiomyopathies. The usefulness of echocardiography as a tool of general versatility including hemodynamic evaluation and the usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of cardiac morphology and myocardial tissue characteristics of relevance for LVH are described. Imaging modalities now have central roles in the differentiation and prognostic assessment of LVH.
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Schoser B, Bilder DA, Dimmock D, Gupta D, James ES, Prasad S. The humanistic burden of Pompe disease: are there still unmet needs? A systematic review. BMC Neurol 2017; 17:202. [PMID: 29166883 PMCID: PMC5700516 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-0983-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humanistic burden considers the impact of an illness on a patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), activities of daily living (ADL), caregiver health, and caregiver QoL. Humanistic burden also considers treatment satisfaction and adherence to treatment regimens. Pompe disease is an autosomal recessive, progressive, multisystemic neuromuscular disease. Approval of enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) markedly improved prognosis for patients, but considerable morbidity and a substantial humanistic burden remain. This article characterizes the humanistic burden of Pompe disease through a systematic literature review. METHODS A systematic search of MEDLINE® and Embase® with back-referencing and supplementary literature searches was performed to retrieve data from interventional and non-interventional studies on the humanistic burden of Pompe disease. Publications were screened according to predefined criteria, extracted, and assessed for quality. Extracted data were narratively synthesized. RESULTS No publications on the humanistic burden of infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD) were identified. As such, of 17 publications included here, all are in patients with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD). Thirteen publications were initiated after approval of ERT, two were initiated before, and two overlapped the approval of ERT. The review shows that LOPD patients have a significantly lower HRQoL than the general population, even if treated with ERT. On transitioning to ERT, treatment was associated with improvement in the physical component score of the SF-36 and fatigue, although the SF-36 mental component score remained stable. Physical HRQoL remained below population norms after 4 years of ERT. Significantly more ERT-treated patients reported pain than controls, and bodily pain worsened in later years following ERT initiation. Treatment-naïve LOPD patients had significantly poorer ADL functioning compared with the general population, although ERT stabilized deteriorating functioning impairment. ERT studies showed caregivers provide 17.7 h/week informal care on average. Fifty percent, 40% and <20% of caregivers reported mental health, physical health, and financial/relational problems, respectively. In ERT-naïve patients, wheelchair use and home ventilatory support was associated with lower physical HRQoL and ADL functioning. In ERT-treated patients, key factors predicting worse HRQoL and ADL functioning were higher respiratory distress, poorer sleep quality, greater pain, and more fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Pompe disease has a substantial humanistic burden, with strong inter-relationships among and between humanistic burden parameters and clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Ziemssenstr, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Deborah A. Bilder
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - David Dimmock
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123 USA
| | - Digant Gupta
- Bridge Medical Consulting Ltd, Gainsborough House, 2 Sheen Road, Richmond, London, TW9 1AE UK
| | - Emma S. James
- Audentes Therapeutics, 600 California Street, Floor 17, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA
| | - Suyash Prasad
- Audentes Therapeutics, 600 California Street, Floor 17, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA
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