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Cumplido N, Arratia G, Desvignes T, Muñoz-Sánchez S, Postlethwait JH, Allende ML. Hox genes control homocercal caudal fin development and evolution. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj5991. [PMID: 38241378 PMCID: PMC10798566 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj5991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Ancient bony fishes had heterocercal tails, like modern sharks and sturgeons, with asymmetric caudal fins and a vertebral column extending into an elongated upper lobe. Teleost fishes, in contrast, developed a homocercal tail characterized by two separate equal-sized fin lobes and the body axis not extending into the caudal fin. A similar heterocercal-to-homocercal transition occurs during teleost ontogeny, although the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms for either transition remain unresolved. Here, we investigated the role of hox13 genes in caudal fin formation as these genes control posterior identity in animals. Analysis of expression profiles of zebrafish hox13 paralogs and phenotypes of CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants showed that double hoxb13a and hoxc13a mutants fail to form a caudal fin. Furthermore, single mutants display heterocercal-like morphologies not seen since Mesozoic fossil teleosteomorphs. Relaxation of functional constraints after the teleost genome duplication may have allowed hox13 duplicates to neo- or subfunctionalize, ultimately contributing to the evolution of a homocercal tail in teleost fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Cumplido
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gloria Arratia
- University of Kansas, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Thomas Desvignes
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Salomé Muñoz-Sánchez
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Miguel L. Allende
- Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Beriotto AC, Vissio PG, Gisbert E, Fernández I, Álvarez González CA, Di Yorio MP, Sallemi JE, Pérez Sirkin DI. From zero to ossified: Larval skeletal ontogeny of the Neotropical Cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus. J Morphol 2023; 284:e21641. [PMID: 37708507 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The identification of skeletal elements, the analysis of their developmental sequence, and the time of their appearance during larval development are essential to broaden the knowledge of each fish species and to recognize skeletal abnormalities that may affect further fish performance. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a general description of the development of the entire skeleton highlighting its variability in Cichlasoma dimerus. Larvae of C. dimersus were stained with alcian blue and alizarin red from hatching to 25 days posthatching. Skeletogenesis began with the endoskeletal disk and some cartilage structures from the caudal fin and the splachnocranium, while the first bony structure observed was the cleithrum. When larvae reached the free-swimming and exogenous feeding stage, mostly bones from the jaws, the branchial arches, and the opercle series evidenced some degree of ossification, suggesting that the ossification sequence of C. dimerus adjusts to physiological demands such as feeding and ventilation. The caudal region was the most variable regarding meristic counts and evidenced higher incidence of bone deformities. In conclusion, this work provides an overview of C. dimerus skeletogenesis and lays the groundwork for further studies on diverse topics, like developmental plasticity, rearing conditions, or phylogenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina C Beriotto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula G Vissio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enric Gisbert
- IRTA, Centre de la Ràpita, Aquaculture Program, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, España
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Vigo, España
| | - Carlos A Álvarez González
- Laboratorio de Acuicultura Tropical, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México
| | - María P Di Yorio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta E Sallemi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela I Pérez Sirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fischbach V, Moritz T, Thieme P. Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus). ZOOL ANZ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Thieme P, Schnell NK, Parkinson K, Moritz T. Morphological characters in light of new molecular phylogenies: the caudal-fin skeleton of Ovalentaria. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211605. [PMID: 35242353 PMCID: PMC8753169 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Ovalentaria is a taxon of teleosts that has been proposed based on molecular analyses only. Previously widely separated families are assembled in this taxon. For the first time, the Ovalentaria are analysed using a comparative morphological approach. The caudal-fin skeleton of 355 species covering all 48 ovalentarian families are examined in cleared and stained specimens, µCT datasets and X-ray images as well as from the literature. A total of 38 morphological characters are evaluated and used for ancestral character state reconstructions and phylogenetic analyses. Results provide hypotheses for a scenario of the evolution of the caudal-fin skeleton and its ground plan in Ovalentaria. An evolutionary trend towards the reduction of skeletal elements in the caudal fin is observed. Connections between the evolution of the caudal-fin skeleton and modes of locomotion found in ovalentarian taxa are discussed. Phylogenetic analyses based on the caudal-fin morphology provide topologies for intra-ovalentarian relationships that largely agree with molecular hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Thieme
- Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439 Stralsund, Germany
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Ebertstrasse 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nalani K. Schnell
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Station Marine de Concarneau, Place de la Croix, 29900 Concarneau, France
| | - Kerryn Parkinson
- Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Timo Moritz
- Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439 Stralsund, Germany
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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