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Schwake C, Hyon M, Chishti AH. Signal peptide peptidase: A potential therapeutic target for parasitic and viral infections. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:261-273. [PMID: 35235480 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2047932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) is a GxGD-type intramembrane-cleaving aspartyl protease responsible for clearing accumulating signal peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum. SPP is conserved among all kingdoms and is essential for maintaining cell homeostasis. Inhibition of SPP with selective inhibitors and the structurally similar HIV protease inhibitors results in signal peptide accumulation and subsequent cell death. Identification of SPP homologues in major human parasitic infections has opened a new therapeutic opportunity. Moreover, the essentiality of mammalian SPP-mediated viral protein processing during infection is emerging. AREAS COVERED This review introduces the discovery and biological function of human SPP enzymes and identify parasitic homologues as pharmacological targets of both SPP and HIV protease inhibitors. Later, the role of mammalian SPP during viral infection and how disruption of host SPP can be employed as a novel antiviral therapy are examined and discussed. EXPERT OPINION Parasitic and viral infections cause severe health and economic burden, exacerbated by the lack of new therapeutics in the pipeline. SPP has been shown to be essential for malaria parasite growth and encouraging evidence in other parasites demonstrates broad essentiality of these proteases as therapeutic targets. As drug resistant parasite and viruses emerge, SPP inhibition will provide a new generation of compounds to counter the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Schwake
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Hyon
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Athar H Chishti
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Rishiq A, Islam O, Golomb E, Gilon D, Smith Y, Savchenko I, Eliaz R, Foo RS, Razin E, Tshori S. The Role Played by Transcription Factor E3 in Modulating Cardiac Hypertrophy. Int Heart J 2021; 62:1358-1368. [PMID: 34744144 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor E3 (TFE3), which is a key regulator of cellular adaptation, is expressed in most tissues, including the heart, and is reportedly overexpressed during cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, TFE3's role in cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. To understand TFE3's physiological importance in cardiac hypertrophy, pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in both wild-type (WT) and TFE3 knockout mice (TFE3-/-). Eleven weeks after TAC induction, cardiac hypertrophy was observed in both WT and TFE3-/- mice. However, significant reductions in ejection fraction and fractional shortening were observed in WT mice compared to TFE3-/- mice. To understand the mechanism, we found that myosin heavy chain (Myh7), which increases during hemodynamic overload, was lower in TFE3-/- TAC mice than in WT TAC mice, whereas extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation, which confers cardioprotection, was lower in the left ventricles of WT mice than in TFE3-/- mice. We also found high expressions of TFE3, histone, and MYH7 and low expression of pERK in the normal human heart compared to the hypertensive heart. In the H9c2 cell line, we found that ERK inhibition caused TFE3 nuclear localization. In addition, we found that MYH7 was associated with TFE3, and during TFE3 knockdown, MYH7 and histone were downregulated. Therefore, we showed that TFE3 expression was increased in the mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and tissues from human hypertensive hearts, whereas pERK was decreased reversibly, which suggested that TFE3 is involved in cardiac hypertrophy through TFE3-histone-MYH7-pERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rishiq
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | - Omedul Islam
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Eliahu Golomb
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center
| | - Dan Gilon
- Heart Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Yoav Smith
- Unit of Genomic Data Analysis, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | | | - Ran Eliaz
- Heart Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Roger Sy Foo
- Cardiovascular Research institute, Center of Translational Medicine
| | - Ehud Razin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Sagi Tshori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Kaplan Medical Center
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Fan J, Zhang M, Liu C, Zhu M, Zhang Z, Wu K, Li Z, Li W, Fan S, Ju C, Yi L, Ding H, Zhao M, Chen J. The Network of Interactions Between Classical Swine Fever Virus Nonstructural Protein p7 and Host Proteins. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:597893. [PMID: 33329485 PMCID: PMC7733924 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.597893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease causing severe economic losses to the swine industry. As viroporins of viruses modulate the cellular ion balance and then take over the cellular machinery, blocking the activity of viroporin or developing viroporin-defective attenuated vaccines offers new approaches to treat or prevent viral infection. Non-structural protein p7 of CSF virus (CSFV) is a viroporin, which was highly involved in CSFV virulence. Deciphering the interaction between p7 and host proteins will aid our understanding of the mechanism of p7-cellular protein interaction affecting CSFV replication. In the present study, seven host cellular proteins including microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 (MAPRE1), voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), proteasome maturation protein (POMP), protein inhibitor of activated STAT 1 (PIAS1), gametogenetin binding protein 2 (GGNBP2), COP9 signalosome subunit 2 (COPS2), and contactin 1 (CNTN1) were identified as the potential interactive cellular proteins of CSFV p7 by using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening. Plus, the interaction of CSFV p7 with MAPRE1 and VDAC1 was further evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation and GST-pulldown assay. Besides, the p7-cellular protein interaction network was constructed based on these seven host cellular proteins and the STRING database. Enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG indicated that many host proteins in the p7-cellular protein interaction network were mainly related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT pathway. Overall, this study identified potential interactive cellular proteins of CSFV p7, constructed the p7-cellular protein interaction network, and predicted the potential pathways involved in the interaction between CSFV p7 and host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindai Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Ju
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Chen Y, Fan S, Zhao M, Wu K, Zhu E, Ma S, He W, Deng S, Xu H, Zhang J, Ding H, Yi L, Zhao M, Chen J. MG132 Attenuates the Replication of Classical Swine Fever Virus in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:852. [PMID: 32582037 PMCID: PMC7283581 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome, in charge of intracellular protein degradation, plays significant roles in the modulation of various cellular activities as well as in the interplay between virus and host. However, studies about the relationship between 26S proteasome and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is limited up to now. MG132 is a proteasome inhibitor and has been extensively used in studies about replication of many viruses. Herein, we investigated the role of MG132 in CSFV replication and results showed that MG132 significantly decreased virus titers and viral RNA copies in CSFV-infected PK-15 cells. Further studies demonstrated that MG132 upregulated the expression of several interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), in CSFV-infected cells. Since the activation of ISGs is controlled by the JAK-STAT signal pathway, we next examined the effect of MG132 on the expression and localization of key molecular STAT1 in the infected cells using Western blot and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. Results showed that CSFV infection and viral NS4A protein decreased the protein level of STAT1, and MG132 promoted the accumulation of STAT1 in the nucleus of cells adjacent to the CSFV-infected cells. Besides, MG132 did not affect the expressions of IFN-α, STAT1, Mx1, OAS1, and PKR genes in cells without CSFV. In conclusion, we identify that MG132 significantly inhibits CSFV replication in vitro, in which the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and the subsequent upregulation of expressions of ISGs might play significant roles, providing a potential preventive method for CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengpo Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erpeng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengming Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wencheng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaofeng Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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