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Salimi M, Eskandari F, Khodagholi F, Abdollahifar MA, Hedayati M, Zardooz H, Keyhanmanesh R. Perinatal stress exposure induced oxidative stress, metabolism disorder, and reduced GLUT-2 in adult offspring of rats. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:625-640. [PMID: 35843978 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Growing evidence has demonstrated that adversity in early life, especially in the prenatal and postnatal period, may change the programming of numerous body systems and cause the incidence of various disorders in later life. Accordingly, this experimental animal study aimed to investigate the effect of stress exposure during perinatal (prenatal and/or postnatal) on the induction of oxidative stress in the pancreas and its effect on glucose metabolism in adult rat offspring. METHODS In this experimental study based on maternal exposure to variable stress throughout the perinatal period, the pups were divided into eight groups, as follows: control group (C); prepregnancy, pregnancy, lactation stress group (PPPLS); prepregnancy stress group (PPS); pregnancy stress group (PS); lactation stress group (LS); prepregnancy, pregnancy stress group (PPPS); pregnancy, lactation stress group (PLS); and prepregnancy, lactation stress group (PPLS). Following an overnight fast on postnatal day (PND) 64, plasma glucose, insulin, leptin levels, and lipid profiles were evaluated in the offspring groups. GLUT-2 protein levels, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, and number of beta-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans as well as the weights of intra-abdominal fat and adrenal glands were assessed. Levels of plasma corticosterone were determined in the different groups of mothers and offspring. RESULTS The levels of plasma corticosterone, insulin, and HOMA-B index increased, whereas glucose level and QUICKI index were reduced in the perinatal stress groups compared to C group (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). Plasma triglyceride, LDL, and cholesterol level rose significantly, but HDL level decreased in the perinatal stress groups compared to C group (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). Perinatal stress raised MDA concentrations and reduced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in plasma and pancreas compared to C group (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). GLUT-2 protein levels and number of beta-cells in the stress groups declined compared to C group (p < 0.001 to p < 0.05). Intra-abdominal fat weight decreased in the PPS, PS, and LS groups compared to C group (p < 0.001 to p < 0.01), but adrenal gland weight remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Our results showed that long-term exposure to elevated levels of corticosterone during critical development induces metabolic syndrome in adult male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Salimi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Eskandari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Perinatal exposure to isocaloric diet with moderate-fat promotes pancreatic islets insulin hypersecretion and susceptibility to islets exhaustion in response to fructose intake in adult male rat offspring. Life Sci 2022; 307:120873. [PMID: 35952730 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Perinatal maternal hypercaloric diets increase the susceptibility to metabolic disorders in the offspring. We hypothesized that maternal intake of an isocaloric moderate-fat diet (mMFD) would disturb the glucose homeostasis and favor the β-cell failure in response to fructose overload in adult male offspring. METHODS Female Wistar rats received an isocaloric diet (3.9 kcal/g) containing 29 % (mMFD) or 9 % as fat (mSTD) prior mating and throughout gestation and lactation. After weaning, male offspring received standard chow and fructose-drinking water (15 %) between 120 and 150 days old. KEY FINDINGS mMFD offspring had higher body weight, visceral adiposity and, fasting glycemia, with normal insulinemia. Fructose increased glycemia at 15 min from oral glucose administration, but only mMFD had returned to basal glucose levels at 120 min. Fructose increased HOMA-IR index regardless diet, but only mMFD exhibited hyperinsulinemia and a higher HOMA-β index. mMFD pancreatic islets showed increased area and insulin immunostaining density, suggesting β-cell hypertrophy. Fructose induced the expected compensatory hypertrophy in mSTD islets, while the opposite occurred in mMFD islets, associated with reduced insulin immunostaining, suggesting lower insulin storage. Pancreatic islets isolated from mMFD offspring exhibited higher glucose-stimulated insulin release at physiological concentrations. However, at higher glucose concentrations, the islets from fructose-treated mMFD reduced dramatically their insulin release, suggesting exhaustion. SIGNIFICANCE Isocaloric mMFD induced adaptive mechanism in the offspring allowing insulin hypersecretion, but under metabolic challenge with fructose, β-cell compensation shifts to exhaustion, favoring dysfunction. Therefore, a maternal MFD may contribute to developing diabetes under fructose overload in the adult offspring.
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Ortiz-Valladares M, Pedraza-Medina R, Pinto-González MF, Muñiz JG, Gonzalez-Perez O, Moy-López NA. Neurobiological approaches of high-fat diet intake in early development and their impact on mood disorders in adulthood: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 129:218-230. [PMID: 34324919 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The early stage of development is a vulnerable period for progeny neurodevelopment, altering cytogenetic and correct cerebral functionality. The exposure High-Fat Diet (HFD) is a factor that impacts the future mental health of individuals. This review analyzes possible mechanisms involved in the development of mood disorders in adulthood because of maternal HFD intake during gestation and lactation, considering previously reported findings in the last five years, both in humans and animal models. Maternal HFD could induce alterations in mood regulation, reported as increased stress response, anxiety-like behavior, and depressive-like behavior. These changes were mostly related to HPA axis dysregulations and neuroinflammatory responses. In conclusion, there could be a relationship between HFD consumption during the early stages of life and the development of psychopathologies during adulthood. These findings provide guidelines for the understanding of possible mechanisms involved in mood disorders, however, there is still a need for more human clinical studies that provide evidence to improve the understanding of maternal nutrition and future mental health outcomes in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Pedraza-Medina
- Medical Science Postgraduate Program, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Guzmán Muñiz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oscar Gonzalez-Perez
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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Developmental Programming and Glucolipotoxicity: Insights on Beta Cell Inflammation and Diabetes. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110444. [PMID: 33158303 PMCID: PMC7694373 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli or insults during critical developmental transitions induce alterations in progeny anatomy, physiology, and metabolism that may be transient, sometimes reversible, but often durable, which defines programming. Glucolipotoxicity is the combined, synergistic, deleterious effect of simultaneously elevated glucose (chronic hyperglycemia) and saturated fatty acids (derived from high-fat diet overconsumption and subsequent metabolism) that are harmful to organs, micro-organs, and cells. Glucolipotoxicity induces beta cell death, dysfunction, and failure through endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress and inflammation. In beta cells, the misfolding of pro/insulin proteins beyond the cellular threshold triggers the unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Consequentially there is incomplete and inadequate pro/insulin biosynthesis and impaired insulin secretion. Cellular stress triggers cellular inflammation, where immune cells migrate to, infiltrate, and amplify in beta cells, leading to beta cell inflammation. Endoplasmic reticulum stress reciprocally induces beta cell inflammation, whereas beta cell inflammation can self-activate and further exacerbate its inflammation. These metabolic sequelae reflect the vicious cycle of beta cell stress and inflammation in the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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Wei X, Yin Q, Zhao H, Jiang H, He J, Cai C, Cao Y, Yao J. Maternal nicotinamide supplementation during late gestation and early lactation alters hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism in kids. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ma B, Li P, An H, Song Z. Electroacupuncture Attenuates Liver Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Rats. Inflammation 2020; 43:2372-2378. [PMID: 32737656 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major health concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats induced by high-fat diet (HFD). A model of nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats induced by high fat was established. Rats in the control group were fed standard diet. The rats in model group and EA group were fed with HFD. From the fifth week, the rats in EA group were treated with EA ("FengLongXue," "YinLingQuanXue," "SanYinJiaoXue") for 2 weeks respectively. EA could significantly reduce serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum triglyceride (TG), serum cholesterol (TC), and serum cytokines, and improve liver histopathological changes in rats. EA also could regulate the levels of Sirt1/NF-κB pathway in rat liver. EA relieved liver injury in NAFLD rats, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Sirt1/NF-κB pathway in rats. This is the first report that electroacupuncture alleviates liver inflammatory reaction of nonalcoholic fatty liver by enhancing Sirt1 expression and inhibiting NLRP3/NF-kB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingquan Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Hengyuan An
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiming Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Wei XS, Zhao HH, He JJ, Yin QY, Cao YC, Cai CJ, Yao JH. Maternal nicotinamide supplementation during the perinatal period modifies the small intestine morphology and antioxidative status of offspring kids. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Maghami S, Zardooz H, Khodagholi F, Binayi F, Ranjbar Saber R, Hedayati M, Sahraei H, Ansari MA. Maternal separation blunted spatial memory formation independent of peripheral and hippocampal insulin content in young adult male rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204731. [PMID: 30332425 PMCID: PMC6192583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the effects of maternal separation as a chronic early life stress (ELS) on pancreatic islets insulin content and secretion, and their potential relationship with the hippocampus insulin content and spatial memory in young adulthood. Male rat offspring were divided into two groups: stress (STR) and non-stress (non-STR) groups. The animals of the STR group were separated from their mothers during postnatal days (PND) 1 to 21. During the weaning time, that is, PND-0 to PND-21, the body weight and length of the pups were measured. Blood samples were collected on PND-1, 21, 29 and 34 and during young adulthood (53±2 days) to determine plasma corticosterone and insulin levels. The young adult animals were also tested for spatial memory. One day after the memory test, the animals were decapitated and their pancreases were removed to measure the islets insulin content and secretion. Finally, the animals' hippocampi were isolated to determine their insulin content and insulin receptor protein amounts. During the period of weaning, the body weight and length of pups belonging to the STR group were significantly lower as compared to those in the non-STR group. Maternal separation did not change the plasma levels of insulin but increased plasma corticosterone levels from PND-21 to young adulthood and also reduced the islets insulin content but did not affect insulin secretion and the hippocampus insulin content and insulin receptor protein amount. Although, at the end of the memory tests, rats of the STR group reached the escape box at almost the same time and distance and with the same errors as rats of the non-STR group, the distance traveled to reach the escape box showed a steep reduction in the non-STR group as compared to the STR group after the first trial. Moreover, as compared to the STR group, the non-STR group showed an increasing trend for direct strategy to find the escape box. The islets insulin content and secretion, and the plasma insulin concentration were not significantly correlated with the hippocampus insulin content. From the results of the present study, it appears that the main behavioral effect of the maternal separation stress in the spatial memory task was to impair the strategy used by the animals to reach the escape box. This may indicate that maternal separation stress affects brain regions other than the hippocampus. Moreover, due to the reduction of the body weight and length of offspring belonging to the STR group, it should be further considered that both maternal separation and early life malnutrition are directly (and mechanistically) linked to cognitive alterations later in life in ways that are not dependent on peripheral and hippocampal insulin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Maghami
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Binayi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Ranjbar Saber
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Sahraei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ansari
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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