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Zha Z, Luo S, Wei L, Li F, Li Y, Cao Y. Investigation of oral toxicity of WS 2 nanosheets to mouse intestine: Pathological injury, trace element balance, lipid profile changes, and autophagy. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39344173 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The success of graphene oxides has gained extensive research interests in developing novel 2D nanomaterials (NMs). WS2 nanosheets (NSs) are novel transition metal-based 2D NMs, but their toxicity is unclear. In this study, we investigated the oral toxicity of WS2 NSs to mouse intestines. Male mice were administrated with vehicles, 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg NSs via intragastric route, once a day, for 5 days. The results indicate that the NSs did not induce pathological or ultrastructural changes in intestines. There were minimal changes of trace elements that the exposure did not induce W accumulation, and only Co levels were dose-dependently increased. Lipid droplets were observed in all groups of mice, but lipidomics data indicate that WS2 NSs only significantly decreased four lipid species, all belonging to phosphatidylcholine (PC). The levels of proteins regulating autophagic lipolysis, namely, LC3, lysosomal associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) and perilipin 2 (PLIN2), were increased, but it was only statistically significantly different for LC3. The results of this study suggest that repeated intragastric exposure to WS2 NSs only induced minimal influences on pathological injury, trace element balance, autophagy, and lipid profiles in mouse intestines, indicating relatively high biocompatibility of WS2 NSs to mouse intestine via oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Zha
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Sihuan Luo
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lianghuan Wei
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feixing Li
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Youwen Li
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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2
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Khan J, Kim ND, Bromhead C, Truman P, Kruger MC, Mallard BL. Hepatotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38740968 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The food additive E171 (titanium dioxide, TiO2), is widely used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It is a fine white powder, with at least one third of its particles sized in the nanoparticulate (˂100 nm range, TiO2 NPs). The use of E171 is controversial as its relevant risk assessment has never been satisfactorily accomplished. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown dose-dependent toxicity in various organs including the liver. TiO2 NPs have been shown to induce inflammation, cell death and structural and functional changes within the liver. The toxicity of TiO2 NPs in experimental models varies between organs and according to their physiochemical characteristics and parameters such as dosage and route of administration. Among these factors, ingestion is the most significant exposure route, and the liver is a key target organ. The aim of this review is to highlight the reported adverse effects of orally administered TiO2 NPs on the liver and to discuss the controversial state of its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangrez Khan
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas D Kim
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Collette Bromhead
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Penelope Truman
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Marlena C Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Beth L Mallard
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
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3
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Das SK, Sen K, Ghosh B, Ghosh N, Sinha K, Sil PC. Molecular mechanism of nanomaterials induced liver injury: A review. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:566-600. [PMID: 38689743 PMCID: PMC11056894 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i4.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique physicochemical properties inherent to nanoscale materials have unveiled numerous potential applications, spanning beyond the pharmaceutical and medical sectors into various consumer industries like food and cosmetics. Consequently, humans encounter nanomaterials through diverse exposure routes, giving rise to potential health considerations. Noteworthy among these materials are silica and specific metallic nanoparticles, extensively utilized in consumer products, which have garnered substantial attention due to their propensity to accumulate and induce adverse effects in the liver. This review paper aims to provide an exhaustive examination of the molecular mechanisms underpinning nanomaterial-induced hepatotoxicity, drawing insights from both in vitro and in vivo studies. Primarily, the most frequently observed manifestations of toxicity following the exposure of cells or animal models to various nanomaterials involve the initiation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, we delve into the existing in vitro models employed for evaluating the hepatotoxic effects of nanomaterials, emphasizing the persistent endeavors to advance and bolster the reliability of these models for nanotoxicology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Kumar Das
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India
| | - Koushik Sen
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India
| | - Biswatosh Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Bidhannagar College, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Nabanita Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata 700013, India
| | - Krishnendu Sinha
- Department of Zoology, Jhargram Raj College, Jhargram 721507, India.
| | - Parames C Sil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Calcutta 700054, India
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Zhang W, Sun J, Liu F, Li S, Wang X, Su L, Liu G. Alleviative Effect of Lactoferrin Interventions Against the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:624-642. [PMID: 37191759 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the alleviative effect of lactoferrin interventions against the hepatotoxicity induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs). Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups with 5 rats in each group. The first and second groups were intragastrically administered normal saline and TiO2-NPs (100 mg/kg body weight) as the negative control (NC) and TiO2-NP groups. The third, fourth, and fifth groups were intragastrically administered lactoferrin at concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight in addition to TiO2-NPs (100 mg/kg body weight). The sixth group was intragastrically administered Fuzheng Huayu (FZHY) capsules at a concentration of 4.6 g/kg body weight in addition to TiO2-NPs (100 mg/kg body weight) as the positive control group. After treatment for 4 weeks, the concentrations of lactoferrin were optimized based on the liver index and function results. Subsequently, the alleviative effects of lactoferrin interventions against TiO2-NP-induced hepatotoxicity in rat liver tissues, including the effects on histological damage, oxidative stress-related damage, inflammation, fibrosis, DNA damage, apoptosis, and gene expression, were investigated using histopathological, biochemical, and transcriptomic assays. The results showed that 200 mg/kg lactoferrin interventions for 4 weeks not only ameliorated the liver dysfunction and histopathological damage caused by TiO2-NP exposure but also inhibited the oxidative stress-related damage, inflammation, fibrosis, DNA damage, and apoptosis in the liver tissues of TiO2-NP-exposed rats. The transcriptomic results confirmed that the alleviative effect of lactoferrin interventions against the TiO2-NP exposure-induced hepatotoxicity was related to the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiaxin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shubin Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xianjue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Liya Su
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Abdelkader Y, Perez-Davalos L, LeDuc R, Zahedi RP, Labouta HI. Omics approaches for the assessment of biological responses to nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:114992. [PMID: 37414362 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has enabled the development of innovative therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) can influence gene expression, protein synthesis, cell cycle, metabolism, and other subcellular processes. While conventional methods have limitations in characterizing responses to NPs, omics approaches can analyze complete sets of molecular entities that change upon exposure to NPs. This review discusses key omics approaches, namely transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and multi-omics, applied to the assessment of biological responses to NPs. Fundamental concepts and analytical methods used for each approach are presented, as well as good practices for omics experiments. Bioinformatics tools are essential to analyze, interpret and visualize large omics data, and to correlate observations in different molecular layers. The authors envision that conducting interdisciplinary multi-omics analyses in future nanomedicine studies will reveal integrated cell responses to NPs at different omics levels, and the incorporation of omics into the evaluation of targeted delivery, efficacy, and safety will improve the development of nanomedicine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Abdelkader
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Luis Perez-Davalos
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Richard LeDuc
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 513 - 715 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Rene P Zahedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, 715 McDermot Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, 799 JBRC, 715 McDermot Av., Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada; CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, 675 McDermot Av., Manitoba R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Hagar I Labouta
- Unity Health Toronto - St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 209 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; College of Pharmacy, Apotex Centre, University of Manitoba, 750 McDermot Av. W, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0T5, Canada; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1 Khartoum Square, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt, 21521.
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Ma Y, Yu N, Lu H, Shi J, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Jia G. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles: revealing the mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity and effects in the gut microbiota. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2051-2067. [PMID: 37344693 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies in recent years have questioned the safety of oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). TiO2 NPs are not only likely to accumulate in the gastrointestinal tract, but they are also found to penetrate the body circulation and reach distant organs. The liver, which is considered to be a target organ for nanoparticles, is of particular concern. TiO2 NPs accumulate in the liver and cause oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in pathological damage. The impact of TiO2 NPs on liver aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was studied using a meta-analysis. According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs are eliminated mostly through feces, and their lengthy residence in the gut exposes them to microbiota. The gut microbiota is also dysbiotic due to titanium dioxide's antibacterial capabilities. This further leads to changes in the amount of microbiota metabolites, which can reach the liver with blood circulation and trigger hepatotoxicity through the gut-liver axis. This review examines the gut-liver axis to assess the effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis on the liver to provide suggestions for assessing the gut-hepatotoxicity of TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Nairui Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaye Lu
- Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control and Prevent, 172 Jiangsu Rd, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
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Wu Y, Cao X, Du H, Guo X, Han Y, McClements DJ, Decker E, Xing B, Xiao H. Adverse effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on beneficial gut bacteria and host health based on untargeted metabolomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115921. [PMID: 37068726 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a common additive in foods, medicines, and personal care products. In recent years, nano-scale particles in TiO2 additives have been an increasing concern due to their potential adverse effects on human health, especially gut health. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, 30 nm) on beneficial gut bacteria and host response from a metabolomics perspective. In the in vitro study, four bacterial strains, including Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus gasseri, Bifidobacterium animalis, and Bifidobacterium longum were subjected to the treatment of TiO2 NPs. The growth kinetics, cell viability, cell membrane permeability, and metabolomics response were determined. TiO2 NPs at the concentration of 200 μg/mL showed inhibitory effects on the growth of all four strains. The confocal microscope results indicated that the growth inhibitory effects could be associated with cell membrane damage caused by TiO2 NPs to the bacterial strains. Metabolomics analysis showed that TiO2 NPs caused alterations in multiple metabolic pathways of gut bacteria, such as tryptophan and arginine metabolism, which were demonstrated to play crucial roles in regulating gut and host health. In the in vivo study, mice were fed with TiO2 NPs (0.1 wt% in diet) for 8 weeks. Mouse urine was collected for metabolomics analysis and the tryptophan metabolism pathway was also significantly affected in TiO2 NPs-fed mice. Moreover, four neuroprotective metabolites were significantly reduced in both in vitro bacteria and in vivo urine samples. Overall, this study provides insights into the potential adverse effects of TiO2 NPs on gut bacteria and the metabolic responses of both bacteria and host. Further research is needed to understand the causality between gut bacteria composition and the metabolism pathway, which is critical to monitor the gut-microbiome mediated metabolome changes in toxicological assessment of food components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Xiaoqiong Cao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Yanhui Han
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | | | - Eric Decker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.
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Zhai Q. Answer to "Comments" on "The combined effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cypermethrin on male reproductive toxicity in rats" by Armen Nersesyan et al., https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23796-x. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:74457-74458. [PMID: 37222892 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Zhai
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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Bruno L, Evariste L, Houdeau E. Dysregulation along the gut microbiota-immune system axis after oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A possible environmental factor promoting obesity-related metabolic disorders. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121795. [PMID: 37187281 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Food additives are one major hallmark of ultra-processed food in the Western-diet, a food habit often associated with metabolic disorders. Among these additives, the whitener and opacifying agent titanium dioxide (TiO2) raises public health issues due to the ability of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) to cross biological barriers and accumulate in different systemic organs like spleen, liver and pancreas. However before their systemic passage, the biocidal properties of TiO2 NPs may alter the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, which play a crucial role for the development and maintenance of immune functions. Once absorbed, TiO2 NPs may further interact with immune intestinal cells involved in gut microbiota regulation. Since obesity-related metabolic diseases such as diabetes are associated with alterations in the microbiota-immune system axis, this raises questions about the possible involvement of long-term exposure to food-grade TiO2 in the development or worsening of these diseases. The current purpose is to review the dysregulations along the gut microbiota-immune system axis after oral TiO2 exposure compared to those reported in obese or diabetic patients, and to highlight potential mechanisms by which foodborne TiO2 NPs may increase the susceptibility to develop obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamas Bruno
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of Intestinal Barrier, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lauris Evariste
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of Intestinal Barrier, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Team Endocrinology and Toxicology of Intestinal Barrier, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Mansoor A, Khurshid Z, Khan MT, Mansoor E, Butt FA, Jamal A, Palma PJ. Medical and Dental Applications of Titania Nanoparticles: An Overview. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203670. [PMID: 36296859 PMCID: PMC9611494 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are successfully employed in human food, drugs, cosmetics, advanced medicine, and dentistry because of their non-cytotoxic, non-allergic, and bio-compatible nature when used in direct close contact with the human body. These NPs are the most versatile oxides as a result of their acceptable chemical stability, lower cost, strong oxidation properties, high refractive index, and enhanced aesthetics. These NPs are fabricated by conventional (physical and chemical) methods and the latest biological methods (biological, green, and biological derivatives), with their advantages and disadvantages in this epoch. The significance of TiO2 NPs as a medical material includes drug delivery release, cancer therapy, orthopedic implants, biosensors, instruments, and devices, whereas their significance as a dental biomaterial involves dentifrices, oral antibacterial disinfectants, whitening agents, and adhesives. In addition, TiO2 NPs play an important role in orthodontics (wires and brackets), endodontics (sealers and obturating materials), maxillofacial surgeries (implants and bone plates), prosthodontics (veneers, crowns, bridges, and acrylic resin dentures), and restorative dentistry (GIC and composites).
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Mansoor
- Department of Dental Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44080, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Talal Khan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan 60650, Pakistan;
| | - Emaan Mansoor
- Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Faaz Ahmad Butt
- Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
| | - Asif Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Paulo J. Palma
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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