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Qin S, Wei G, Lin Q, Tang D, Li C, Tan Z, Yao L, Huang L, Wei F, Liang Y. Analysis of the Spatholobus suberectus full-length transcriptome identified an R2R3-MYB transcription factor-encoding gene SsMYB158 that regulates flavonoid biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108929. [PMID: 39002304 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (Leguminosae) has been used for medicinal purposes for a long period. Flavonoids are the major bioactive components of S. suberectus. However, there is still limited knowledge of the exact method via which transcription factors (TFs) regulate flavonoid biosynthesis. The full-length transcriptome of S. suberectus was analyzed using SMRT sequencing; 61,548 transcripts were identified, including 12,311 new gene loci, 53,336 novel transcripts, 44,636 simple sequence repeats, 36,414 complete coding sequences, 871 long non-coding RNAs and 6781 TFs. The SsMYB158 TF, which is associated with flavonoid biosynthesis, belongs to the R2R3-MYB class and is localized subcellularly to the nucleus. The overexpression of SsMYB158 in Nicotiana benthamiana and the transient overexpression of SsMYB158 in S. suberectus resulted in a substantial enhancement in both flavonoids and catechin levels. In addition, there was a remarkable upregulation in the expression of essential enzyme-coding genes associated with the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Our study revealed SsMYB158 as a critical regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis in S. suberectus and laying the foundation for its molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.
| | - Guili Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Quan Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Danfeng Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Cui Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Zhien Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Lixiang Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.
| | - Ying Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China; National Engineering Research Center for Southwest Endangered Medicinal Materials Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China.
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Ye Q, Wang H, Lin Z, Xie Q, Wang W, Chen Q. Identification of MYB Transcription Factor, a Regulator Related to Hydrolysable Tannin Synthesis in Canarium album L., and Functional Analysis of CaMYBR04. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1837. [PMID: 38999677 PMCID: PMC11244293 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Hydrolysed tannins (HTs) are polyphenols, which are related to the astringency, flavour, colour, stability, medicinal value and other characteristics of many fruits and vegetables. The biosynthetic mechanism of the majority of HTs remains unknown, and many biosynthetic pathways of HTs are speculative conclusions that have not been confirmed. The fruit of Canarium album L. (Chinese olive), which is notable for its pharmacological and edible properties, is rich in HTs. The fruit has a distinctive bitter and astringent taste when initially consumed, which mellows to a sweet sensation upon chewing. HTs serve as the primary material basis for the formation of the Chinese olive fruit's astringent quality and pharmacological effects. In this study, the fruit of C. album Changying was utilised as the research material. The objective of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of Chinese olive fruit and the application and development of its medicinal value. In addition, the study aimed to identify and screen related MYB transcription factors involved in the synthesis of HTs in the fruit and to clarify the mechanism of MYBs in the process of synthesis and regulation of HTs in Chinese olive fruit. The principal findings were as follows. A total of 83 differentially expressed Chinese olive MYB transcription factors (CaMYBs) were identified, including 54 1R-MYBs (MYB-related), 25 2R-MYBs (R2R3-MYBs), 3 3R-MYBs, and 1 4R-MYB. Through trend analysis and correlation analysis, it was found that CaMYBR04 (Isoform0032534) exhibited a significantly higher expression (FPKM) than the other CaMYBs. The full-length cDNA sequence of CaMYBR04 was cloned and transformed into strawberry. The results demonstrated that CaMYBR04 significantly enhanced the fruit's hydrolysable tannin content. Consequently, this study elucidated the function of CaMYBR04, a regulator of the Chinese olive fruit hydrolysable tannin synthesis pathway, and established a theoretical foundation for the synthesis and regulation of fruit HTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Ye
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huiquan Wang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
| | - Zhehui Lin
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Vocational College of Agriculture, Fuzhou 350303, China; (Q.Y.)
| | - Qian Xie
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingxi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Azizi-Dargahlou S, Pouresmaeil M. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Plant Transformation: A Review. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1563-1580. [PMID: 37340198 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation is the most dominant technique for the transformation of plants. It is used to transform monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. A. tumefaciens apply for stable and transient transformation, random and targeted integration of foreign genes, as well as genome editing of plants. The Advantages of this method include cheapness, uncomplicated operation, high reproducibility, a low copy number of integrated transgenes, and the possibility of transferring larger DNA fragments. Engineered endonucleases such as CRISPR/Cas9 systems, TALENs, and ZFNs can be delivered with this method. Nowadays, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is used for the Knock in, Knock down, and Knock out of genes. The transformation effectiveness of this method is not always desirable. Researchers applied various strategies to improve the effectiveness of this method. Here, a general overview of the characteristics and mechanism of gene transfer with Agrobacterium is presented. Advantages, updated data on the factors involved in optimizing this method, and other useful materials that lead to maximum exploitation as well as overcoming obstacles of this method are discussed. Moreover, the application of this method in the generation of genetically edited plants is stated. This review can help researchers to establish a rapid and highly effective Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for any plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahin Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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Singh JKD, Mazumdar P, Othman RY, Harikrishna JA. Adding value to banana farming: Antibody production in post-harvest leaves. J Biotechnol 2024; 387:69-78. [PMID: 38582406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Banana, a globally popular fruit, is widely cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical regions. After fruit harvest, remaining banana plant materials are low-value byproducts, mostly composted or used as fibre or for food packaging. As an aim to potentially increase farmer income, this study explored underutilised banana biomass as a novel plant tissue for production of a high-value product. Protein scFvTG130 used in this study, is an anti-toxoplasma single chain variable fragment antibody that can be used in diagnostics and neutralising the Toxoplasma gondii pathogen. Using detached banana leaves, we investigated the factors influencing the efficacy of a transient expression system using reporter genes and recombinant protein, scFvTG130. Transient expression was optimal at 2 days after detached banana leaves were vacuum infiltrated at 0.08 MPa vacuum pressure for a duration of 3 min with 0.01% (v/v) Tween20 using Agrobacterium strain GV3101 harbouring disarmed virus-based vector pIR-GFPscFvTG130. The highest concentration of anti-toxoplasma scFvTG130 antibody obtained using detached banana leaves was 22.8 µg/g fresh leaf tissue. This first study using detached banana leaf tissue for the transient expression of a recombinant protein, successfully demonstrated anti-toxoplasma scFvTG130 antibody expression, supporting the potential application for other related proteins using an underutilised detached banana leaf tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasdeep Kaur Darsan Singh
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Purabi Mazumdar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rofina Yasmin Othman
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Institute of Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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Wu J, Zhang J, Hao X, Lv K, Xie Y, Xu W. Establishment of an efficient callus transient transformation system for Vitis vinifera cv. 'Chardonnay'. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:351-366. [PMID: 37906315 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Grape (Vitis L.), a highly valued fruit crop, poses significant challenges in genetic transformation and functional characterization of genes. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of a rapid and effective method for grape transformation and gene function identification. Here, we introduce a streamlined Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation system for grape calli. Optimal conditions were established with a leaf-derived callus induction medium; chiefly B5 medium supplemented with 0.05 mg/L NAA, 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D, and 2.0 mg/L KT; and a callus proliferation medium (B5 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 2.0 mg/L 6-BA), respectively. Notably, GUS enzyme activity peaked (352.96 ± 33.95 mol 4-MU/mg/min) by sonication with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 and 100 μM AS for 4 min, followed by vacuum infection for 5 min, and co-culture at 25 °C in the dark for 1 day using callus as explants at an optical density (OD600) of 0.8. VaCIPK18 gene was transiently transformed into calli, and transcripts of the gene (endogenous and exogenous) were detected at higher levels than in non-transformed calli (endogenous). Moreover, after 10 days of treatment at 4 °C or -4 °C, the callus net weight of transformed callus was significantly higher than that of the untransformed callus, indicating that the VaCIPK18-overexpressing grape callus could improve cold tolerance. Overall, we establish a simple but effective transient transformation approach for grape callus, which could serve as a useful tool for the rapid assessment of gene function in this important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Wu
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xinyi Hao
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Kai Lv
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yaping Xie
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Weirong Xu
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine, Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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Shi T, Bai Y, Wu X, Wang Y, Iqbal S, Tan W, Ni Z, Gao Z. PmAGAMOUS recruits polycomb protein PmLHP1 to regulate single-pistil morphogenesis in Japanese apricot. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:466-482. [PMID: 37204822 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) is a traditional fruit tree with a long history. Multiple pistils (MP) lead to the formation of multiple fruits, decreasing fruit quality and yield. In this study, the morphology of flowers was observed at 4 stages of pistil development: undifferentiated stage (S1), predifferentiation stage (S2), differentiation stage (S3), and late differentiation stage (S4). In S2 and S3, the expression of PmWUSCHEL (PmWUS) in the MP cultivar was significantly higher than that in the single-pistil (SP) cultivar, and the gene expression of its inhibitor, PmAGAMOUS (PmAG), also showed the same trend, indicating that other regulators participate in the regulation of PmWUS during this period. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR) showed that PmAG could bind to the promoter and the locus of PmWUS, and H3K27me3 repressive marks were also detected at these sites. The SP cultivar exhibited an elevated level of DNA methylation in the promoter region of PmWUS, which partially overlapped with the region of histone methylation. This suggests that the regulation of PmWUS involves both transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Also, the gene expression of Japanese apricot LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN (PmLHP1), an epigenetic regulator, in MP was significantly lower than that in SP in S2 to 3, contrary to the trend in expression of PmWUS. Our results showed that PmAG recruited sufficient PmLHP1 to maintain the level of H3K27me3 on PmWUS during the S2 of pistil development. This recruitment of PmLHP1 by PmAG inhibits the expression of PmWUS at the precise time, leading to the formation of 1 normal pistil primordium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Bai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Yike Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Horticultural Science Department, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/IFAS, Quincy, FL 32351, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaojun Ni
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Han F, Wang P, Chen X, Zhao H, Zhu Q, Song Y, Nie Y, Li Y, Guo M, Niu S. An ethylene-induced NAC transcription factor acts as a multiple abiotic stress responsor in conifer. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad130. [PMID: 37560016 PMCID: PMC10407601 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The proper response to various abiotic stresses is essential for plants' survival to overcome their sessile nature, especially for perennial trees with very long-life cycles. However, in conifers, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate multiple abiotic stress responses remain elusive. Here, the transcriptome response to various abiotic stresses like salt, cold, drought, heat shock and osmotic were systematically detected in Pinus tabuliformis (P. tabuliformis) seedlings. We found that four transcription factors were commonly induced by all tested stress treatments, while PtNAC3 and PtZFP30 were highly up-regulated and co-expressed. Unexpectedly, the exogenous hormone treatment assays and the content of the endogenous hormone indicates that the upregulation of PtNAC3 and PtZFP30 are mediated by ethylene. Time-course assay showed that the treatment by ethylene immediate precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), activated the expression of PtNAC3 and PtZFP30 within 8 hours. We further confirm that the PtNAC3 can directly bind to the PtZFP30 promoter region and form a cascade. Overexpression of PtNAC3 enhanced unified abiotic stress tolerance without growth penalty in transgenic Arabidopsis and promoted reproductive success under abiotic stress by shortening the lifespan, suggesting it has great potential as a biological tool applied to plant breeding for abiotic stress tolerance. This study provides novel insights into the hub nodes of the abiotic stresses response network as well as the environmental adaptation mechanism in conifers, and provides a potential biofortification tool to enhance plant unified abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxu Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianya Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yitong Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yumeng Nie
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meina Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shihui Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Xian B, Xi Z, Ren C, Yan J, Chen J, Pei J. The establishment of transient expression systems and their application for gene function analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis in Carthamus tinctorius L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:186. [PMID: 37032332 PMCID: PMC10084634 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an important economic crop and a traditional medicinal material rich in flavonoids, which can alleviate cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathologies. Thus, many candidate genes involved in safflower flavonoid biosynthesis have been cloned. However, owing to the lack of a homologous gene expression system, research on gene function is limited to model plants. Therefore, a gene function identification protocol for safflower must be established. RESULTS In the present study, using safflower callus as the experimental material, Agrobacterium and biolistic transient expression systems were established. In the Agrobacterium transient expression system, the highest transformation rate was obtained at the original Agrobacterium concentration of OD600 0.4, infiltration concentration of OD600 0.6, infection for 20 min, co-culture for 3 days, and acetosyringone concentration of 100 μmol·L-1. In the biolistic transient expression system, the highest transformation efficiency was observed at helium pressure of 1,350 psi, vacuum degree of -0.8 bar, flight distance of 6.5 cm, one round of bombardment, plasmid concentration of 3 μg·shot-1, and gold particle concentration of 100 μg·shot-1. Further, these two transient expression systems were used for the functional analysis of CtCHS1 as an example. After overexpression, relative CtCHS1 expression increased, particularly in Agrobacterium-transformed calli. Additionally, the contents of some flavonoids were altered; for instance, naringenin and genistein levels were significantly increased in Agrobacterium-transformed calli, whereas luteolin, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, and apigenin derivative levels were significantly decreased in biolistic-transformed calli. CONCLUSION Using safflower callus as the experimental material, highly efficient Agrobacterium and biolistic transient expression systems were successfully established, and the utility of both systems for investigating gene function was demonstrated. The proposed safflower callus transient expression systems will be useful for further functional analyses of flavonoid biosynthetic genes in safflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziqing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaoxiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- The State Bank of Chinese Drug Germplasm Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
- The State Bank of Chinese Drug Germplasm Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
- The State Bank of Chinese Drug Germplasm Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
- The State Bank of Chinese Drug Germplasm Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Reasons and riddance of Agrobacterium tumefaciens overgrowth in plant transformation. Transgenic Res 2023; 32:33-52. [PMID: 36806963 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-023-00338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation has become routine work across the world to study gene function and the production of genetically modified plants. However, several issues hamper the transformation process in a profound way, both directly and indirectly. One of the major concerns is the overgrowth of Agrobacterium, which occasionally appears after the co-cultivation phase of the explant. This phenomenon is reported in several species and seems to spoil the whole transformation process. There are multiple approaches being employed to counter this unwanted growth of bacteria in a few plant species. In reality, once the overgrowth appears, it becomes nearly impossible to cure it. Hence, for the prevention of this phenomenon, numerous factors are regulated. These factors are: explant nature, A. tumefaciens strain, T-DNA vector, co-cultivation (time and condition), acetosyringone, washing medium, antibiotics (type, concentration, combination, incubation period), etc. In this article, we discuss these factors based on available reports. It can be of immense help in formulating viable strategies to control A. tumefaciens overgrowth.
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Ye S, Ding W, Bai W, Lu J, Zhou L, Ma X, Zhu Q. Application of a novel strong promoter from Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolate) in the CRISPR/Cas mediated genome editing of its protoplasts and transgenesis of rice and poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1179394. [PMID: 37152166 PMCID: PMC10157052 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1179394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel constitutive promoters are essential for plant biotechnology. Although in angiosperms, a number of promoters were applied in monocots or dicots genetic engineering, only a few promoters were used in gymnosperm. Here we identified two strong promoters (Cula11 and Cula08) from Chinese fir (C. lanceolate) by screening the transcriptomic data and preliminary promoter activity assays in tobacco. By using the newly established Chinese fir protoplast transient expression technology that enables in vivo molecular biology studies in its homologous system, we compared the activities of Cula11 and Cula08 with that of the commonly used promoters in genetic engineering of monocots or dicots, such as CaM35S, CmYLCV, and ZmUbi, and our results revealed that Cula11 and Cula08 promoters have stronger activities in Chinese fir protoplasts. Furthermore, the vector containing Cas gene driven by Cula11 promoter and sgRNA driven by the newly isolated CulaU6b polyIII promoters were introduced into Chinese fir protoplasts, and CRISPR/Cas mediated gene knock-out event was successfully achieved. More importantly, compared with the commonly used promoters in the genetic engineering in angiosperms, Cula11 promoter has much stronger activity than CaM35S promoter in transgenic poplar, and ZmUbi promoter in transgenic rice, respectively, indicating its potential application in poplar and rice genetic engineering. Overall, the novel putative constitutive gene promoters reported here will have great potential application in gymnosperm and angiosperm biotechnology, and the transient gene expression system established here will serve as a useful tool for the molecular and genetic analyses of Chinese fir genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Zhu
- *Correspondence: Xiangqing Ma, ; Qiang Zhu,
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Liu ZY, Ji JJ, Jiang F, Tian XR, Li JK, Gao JP. Establishment of a genetic transformation system for Codonopsis pilosula callus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2022; 39:251-257. [PMID: 36349228 PMCID: PMC9592944 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.0520a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Codonopsis pilosula, a traditional Chinese medicinal and edible plant, contains several bioactive components. However, the biosynthetic mechanism is unclear because of the difficulties associated with functional gene analysis. Therefore, it is important to establish an efficient genetic transformation system for gene function analysis. In this study, we established a highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated callus genetic transformation system for C. pilosula using stems as explants. After being pre-cultured for 3 days, the explants were infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 harboring pCAMBIA1381-35S::GUS at an OD600 value of 0.3 for 15 min, followed by co-cultivation on MS induction medium for 1 day and delayed cultivation on medium supplemented with 250 mg l-1 cefotaxime sodium for 12 days. The transformed calli were selected on screening medium supplemented with 250 mg l-1 cefotaxime sodium and 2.0 mg l-1 hygromycin and further confirmed by PCR amplification of the GUS gene and histochemical GUS assay. Based on the optimal protocol, the induction and transformation efficiency of calli reached a maximum of 91.07%. The establishment of a genetic transformation system for C. pilosula calli lays the foundation for the functional analysis of genes related to bioactive components through genetic engineering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Yu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xing-Rui Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Kuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 81, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
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Wijerathna-Yapa A, Ramtekey V, Ranawaka B, Basnet BR. Applications of In Vitro Tissue Culture Technologies in Breeding and Genetic Improvement of Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2273. [PMID: 36079653 PMCID: PMC9459818 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sources of new genetic variability have been limited to existing germplasm in the past. Wheat has been studied extensively for various agronomic traits located throughout the genome. The large size of the chromosomes and the ability of its polyploid genome to tolerate the addition or loss of chromosomes facilitated rapid progress in the early study of wheat genetics using cytogenetic techniques. At the same time, its large genome size has limited the progress in genetic characterization studies focused on diploid species, with a small genome and genetic engineering procedures already developed. Today, the genetic transformation and gene editing procedures offer attractive alternatives to conventional techniques for breeding wheat because they allow one or more of the genes to be introduced or altered into an elite cultivar without affecting its genetic background. Recently, significant advances have been made in regenerating various plant tissues, providing the essential basis for regenerating transgenic plants. In addition, Agrobacterium-mediated, biolistic, and in planta particle bombardment (iPB) gene delivery procedures have been developed for wheat transformation and advanced transgenic wheat development. As a result, several useful genes are now available that have been transferred or would be helpful to be transferred to wheat in addition to the current traditional effort to improve trait values, such as resistance to abiotic and biotic factors, grain quality, and plant architecture. Furthermore, the in planta genome editing method will significantly contribute to the social implementation of genome-edited crops to innovate the breeding pipeline and leverage unique climate adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Wijerathna-Yapa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vinita Ramtekey
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh 275103, India
| | - Buddhini Ranawaka
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Bhoja Raj Basnet
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batán 56237, Mexico
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Kaur M, Manchanda P, Kalia A, Ahmed FK, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Abd-Elsalam KA. Agroinfiltration Mediated Scalable Transient Gene Expression in Genome Edited Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10882. [PMID: 34639221 PMCID: PMC8509792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is one of the most commonly used genetic transformation method that involves transfer of foreign genes into target plants. Agroinfiltration, an Agrobacterium-based transient approach and the breakthrough discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 holds trending stature to perform targeted and efficient genome editing (GE). The predominant feature of agroinfiltration is the abolishment of Transfer-DNA (T-DNA) integration event to ensure fewer biosafety and regulatory issues besides showcasing the capability to perform transcription and translation efficiently, hence providing a large picture through pilot-scale experiment via transient approach. The direct delivery of recombinant agrobacteria through this approach carrying CRISPR/Cas cassette to knockout the expression of the target gene in the intercellular tissue spaces by physical or vacuum infiltration can simplify the targeted site modification. This review aims to provide information on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and implementation of agroinfiltration with GE to widen the horizon of targeted genome editing before a stable genome editing approach. This will ease the screening of numerous functions of genes in different plant species with wider applicability in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Pooja Manchanda
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Farah K. Ahmed
- Biotechnology English Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 9-Gamaa St., Giza 12619, Egypt;
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Ma JJ, Chen X, Song YT, Zhang GF, Zhou XQ, Que SP, Mao F, Pervaiz T, Lin JX, Li Y, Li W, Wu HX, Niu SH. MADS-box transcription factors MADS11 and DAL1 interact to mediate the vegetative-to-reproductive transition in pine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:247-262. [PMID: 34618133 PMCID: PMC8418398 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive transition is an important event that is crucial for plant survival and reproduction. Relative to the thorough understanding of the vegetative phase transition in angiosperms, a little is known about this process in perennial conifers. To gain insight into the molecular basis of the regulatory mechanism in conifers, we used temporal dynamic transcriptome analysis with samples from seven different ages of Pinus tabuliformis to identify a gene module substantially associated with aging. The results first demonstrated that the phase change in P. tabuliformis occurred as an unexpectedly rapid transition rather than a slow, gradual progression. The age-related gene module contains 33 transcription factors and was enriched in genes that belong to the MADS (MCMl, AGAMOUS, DEFICIENS, SRF)-box family, including six SOC1-like genes and DAL1 and DAL10. Expression analysis in P. tabuliformis and a late-cone-setting P. bungeana mutant showed a tight association between PtMADS11 and reproductive competence. We then confirmed that MADS11 and DAL1 coordinate the aging pathway through physical interaction. Overexpression of PtMADS11 and PtDAL1 partially rescued the flowering of 35S::miR156A and spl1,2,3,4,5,6 mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but only PtMADS11 could rescue the flowering of the ft-10 mutant, suggesting PtMADS11 and PtDAL1 play different roles in flowering regulatory networks in Arabidopsis. The PtMADS11 could not alter the flowering phenotype of soc1-1-2, indicating it may function differently from AtSOC1 in Arabidopsis. In this study, we identified the MADS11 gene in pine as a regulatory mediator of the juvenile-to-adult transition with functions differentiated from the angiosperm SOC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yi-Tong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Gui-Fang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xian-Qing Zhou
- Qigou State-Owned Forest Farm, Pingquan, Hebei Province 067509, PR China
| | - Shu-Peng Que
- Beijing Ming Tombs Forest Farm, Beijing 102200, PR China, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Fei Mao
- Beijing Ming Tombs Forest Farm, Beijing 102200, PR China, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Tariq Pervaiz
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jin-Xing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Harry X. Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shi-Hui Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Identification and Characterization of Glucosyltransferase That Forms 1-Galloyl- β-d-Glucogallin in Canarium album L., a Functional Fruit Rich in Hydrolysable Tannins. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154650. [PMID: 34361803 PMCID: PMC8347697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrolysable tannins (HTs) are useful secondary metabolites that are responsible for pharmacological activities and astringent taste, flavor, and quality in fruits. They are also the main polyphenols in Canarium album L. (Chinese olive) fruit, an interesting and functional fruit that has been cultivated for over 2000 years. The HT content of C. album fruit was 2.3-13 times higher than that of berries with a higher content of HT. 1-galloyl-β-d-glucose (βG) is the first intermediate and the key metabolite in the HT biosynthesis pathway. It is catalyzed by UDP-glucosyltransferases (UGTs), which are responsible for the glycosylation of gallic acid (GA) to form βG. Here, we first reported 140 UGTs in C. album. Phylogenetic analysis clustered them into 14 phylogenetic groups (A, B, D-M, P, and Q), which are different from the 14 typical major groups (A~N) of Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression pattern and correlation analysis showed that UGT84A77 (Isoform0117852) was highly expressed and had a positive correlation with GA and βG content. Prokaryotic expression showed that UGT84A77 could catalyze GA to form βG. These results provide a theoretical basis on UGTs in C. album, which will be helpful for further functional research and availability on HTs and polyphenols.
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Liu D, Luo Y, Zheng X, Wang X, Chou M, Wei G. TRAPPC13 Is a Novel Target of Mesorhizobium amorphae Type III Secretion System Effector NopP. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:511-523. [PMID: 33630651 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-20-0354-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Similar to pathogenic bacteria, rhizobia can inject effector proteins into host cells directly to promote infection via the type III secretion system (T3SS). Nodulation outer protein P (NopP), a specific T3SS effector of rhizobia, plays different roles in the establishment of multiple rhizobia-legume symbiotic systems. Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 (GS0123), which infects Robinia pseudoacacia specifically, secretes several T3SS effectors, including NopP. Here, we demonstrate that NopP is secreted through T3SS-I of GS0123 during the early stages of infection, and its deficiency decreases nodule nitrogenase activity of R. pseudoacacia nodules. A trafficking protein particle complex subunit 13-like protein (TRAPPC13) has been identified as a NopP target protein in R. pseudoacacia roots by screening a yeast two-hybrid library. The physical interaction between NopP and TRAPPC13 is verified by bimolecular fluorescence complementation and coimmunoprecipitation assays. In addition, subcellular localization analysis reveals that both NopP and its target, TRAPPC13, are colocalized on the plasma membrane. Compared with GS0123-inoculated R. pseudoacacia roots, some genes associated with cell wall remodeling and plant innate immunity down-regulated in ΔnopP-inoculated roots at 36 h postinoculation. The results suggest that NopP in M. amorphae CCNWGS0123 acts in multiple processes in R. pseudoacacia during the early stages of infection, and TRAPPC13 could participate in the process as a NopP target.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yantao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environmental Geology Survey Center, Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Moutai Institute, Renhuai, Guizhou 564500, China
| | - Minxia Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Niedbała G, Niazian M, Sabbatini P. Modeling Agrobacterium-Mediated Gene Transformation of Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum)-A Model Plant for Gene Transformation Studies. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:695110. [PMID: 34413865 PMCID: PMC8370025 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.695110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The multilayer perceptron (MLP) topology of an artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to create two predictor models in Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation of tobacco. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation parameters, including Agrobacterium strain, Agrobacterium cell density, acetosyringone concentration, and inoculation duration, were assigned as inputs for ANN-MLP, and their effects on the percentage of putative and PCR-verified transgenic plants were investigated. The best ANN models for predicting the percentage of putative and PCR-verified transgenic plants were selected based on basic network quality statistics. Ex-post error calculations of the relative approximation error (RAE), the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMS), and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) demonstrated the prediction quality of the developed models when compared to stepwise multiple regression. Moreover, significant correlations between the ANN-predicted and the actual values of the percentage of putative transgenes (R 2 = 0.956) and the percentage of PCR-verified transgenic plants (R 2 = 0.671) indicate the superiority of the established ANN models over the classical stepwise multiple regression in predicting the percentage of putative (R 2 = 0.313) and PCR-verified (R 2= 0.213) transgenic plants. The best combination of the multiple inputs analyzed in this investigation, to achieve maximum actual and predicted transgenic plants, was at OD 600 = 0.8 for the LB4404 strain of Agrobacterium × 300 μmol/L acetosyringone × 20 min immersion time. According to the sensitivity analysis of ANN models, the Agrobacterium strain was the most important influential parameter in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of tobacco. The prediction efficiency of the developed model was confirmed by the data series of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of an important medicinal plant with low transformation efficiency. The results of this study are pivotal to model and predict the transformation of other important Agrobacterium-recalcitrant plant genotypes and to increase the transformation efficiency by identifying critical parameters. This approach can substantially reduce the time and cost required to optimize multi-factorial Agrobacterium-mediated transformation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gniewko Niedbała
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Gniewko Niedbała
| | - Mohsen Niazian
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Sanandaj, Iran
- Mohsen Niazian
| | - Paolo Sabbatini
- Department of Horticulture, Plant and Soil Sciences Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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