1
|
Zhao X, Yuan J, Jia J, Zhang J, Liu J, Chen Q, Li T, Wu Z, Wu H, Miao X, Wu T, Li B, Cheng X. Role of non‑coding RNAs in cartilage endplate (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:312. [PMID: 37273754 PMCID: PMC10236100 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration is considered one of the major causes of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which causes non-specific neck and lower back pain. In addition, several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long ncRNAs, microRNAs and circular RNAs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of various diseases. However, the particular role of ncRNAs in CEP remains unclear. Identifying these ncRNAs and their interactions may prove to be is useful for the understanding of CEP health and disease. These RNA molecules regulate signaling pathways and biological processes that are critical for a healthy CEP. When dysregulated, they can contribute to the development disease. Herein, studies related to ncRNAs interactions and regulatory functions in CEP are reviewed. In addition, a summary of the current knowledge regarding the deregulation of ncRNAs in IDD in relation to their actions on CEP cell functions, including cell proliferation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix synthesis/degradation is presented. The present review provides novel insight into the pathogenesis of IDD and may shed light on future therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jinghong Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tianlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Intervertebral Disc Disease, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kong L, Xie YS, Ma XD, Huang Y, Shang XF. Mechanism of YAP1 in the senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes induced by intermittent cyclic mechanical tension. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:229. [PMID: 36944987 PMCID: PMC10031924 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03704-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of YAP1 in the senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes induced by intermittent cyclic mechanical tension (ICMT). METHODS According to the Pfirrmann grade evaluation classification, 30 human endplate cartilage tissues were divided into the lumbar vertebra fracture (LVF) group and lumbar disc herniation (LDH) group. Then, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot, flow cytometry, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining were performed. The difference in extracellular matrix expression between LVF and LDH endplate cartilage was detected. Second, the effect of ICMT on endplate chondrocytes degeneration was observed. Finally, the key regulatory role of YAP1 in ICMT-induced endplate cartilage degeneration was further verified. RESULTS In degraded human endplate cartilage and tension-induced degraded endplate chondrocytes, the expression of YAP1, COL-2A, and Sox9 was decreased. Conversely, the expression of p53 and p21 was increased. By regulating YAP1 in vivo and in vitro, we can achieve alleviation of ICMT-induced senescence of endplate chondrocytes and effective treatment of disc degeneration. CONCLUSIONS ICMT could induce senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes, and ICMT-induced senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes could be alleviated by regulating YAP1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Kong
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Xie
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xu-Dong Ma
- BengBu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xi-Fu Shang
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, HeFei, 230001, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu T, Han X, Tian W, Wang L, Wang C. Effect of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty on the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration: a retrospective cohort study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:172. [PMID: 36879260 PMCID: PMC9990346 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03627-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) or rather polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) on adjacent intervertebral discs is still controversial. The evidence from experimental study to clinical study presents bipolar conclusions. In this study, we investigated the effect of PKP on adjacent intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). METHODS The experimental group included adjacent intervertebral discs of vertebrae treated with the PKP procedure, and the control group included adjacent intervertebral discs of non-traumatized vertebrae. All measurements were taken by magnetic resonance imaging or X-ray. The intervertebral disc height, the modified Pfirrmann grading system (MPGS), and its differences with Klezl Z and Patel S (ZK and SP) classifications were compared. RESULTS A total of 264 intervertebral discs from 66 individuals were selected for the study. The comparison of intervertebral disc height between the two groups pre and post-operatively resulted in a p-value of > 0.05. No significant change was observed in the adjacent discs in the control groups post-operatively. Post-operatively, the mean Ridit increased significantly from 0.413 to 0.587 in the upper disc and from 0.404 to 0.595 in the lower disc in the experimental group. The comparison of MPGS differences showed that the predominant value was 0 in the Low-grade leaks group and 1 in the Medium and high-grade leaks group. CONCLUSIONS The PKP procedure can accelerate adjacent IDD, but it does not cause disc height changes in the early stage. The quantity of cement leaking into the disc space positively correlated with the rate of disc degeneration progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiemure Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China.,Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Lifang Wang
- Department of Statistics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Statistics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Clinical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Poletto DL, Crowley JD, Tanglay O, Walsh WR, Pelletier MH. Preclinical in vivo animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration. Part 1: A systematic review. JOR Spine 2022; 6:e1234. [PMID: 36994459 PMCID: PMC10041387 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a widely recognized cause of lower back pain, is the leading cause of disability worldwide. A myriad of preclinical in vivo animal models of IVDD have been described in the literature. There is a need for critical evaluation of these models to better inform researchers and clinicians to optimize study design and ultimately, enhance experimental outcomes. The purpose of this study was to conduct an extensive systematic literature review to report the variability of animal species, IVDD induction method, and experimental timepoints and endpoints used in in vivo IVDD preclinical research. A systematic literature review of peer-reviewed manuscripts featured on PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they reported an in vivo animal model of IVDD and included details of the species used, how disc degeneration was induced, and the experimental endpoints used for analysis. Two-hundred and fifty-nine (259) studies were reviewed. The most common species, IVDD induction method and experimental endpoint used was rodents(140/259, 54.05%), surgery (168/259, 64.86%) and histology (217/259, 83.78%), respectively. Experimental timepoint varied greatly between studies, ranging from 1 week (dog and rodent models), to >104 weeks in dog, horse, monkey, rabbit, and sheep models. The two most common timepoints used across all species were 4 weeks (49 manuscripts) and 12 weeks (44 manuscripts). A comprehensive discussion of the species, methods of IVDD induction and experimental endpoints is presented. There was great variability across all categories: animal species, method of IVDD induction, timepoints and experimental endpoints. While no animal model can replicate the human scenario, the most appropriate model should be selected in line with the study objectives to optimize experimental design, outcomes and improve comparisons between studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Poletto
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney Australia
| | - James D. Crowley
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney Australia
| | - Onur Tanglay
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney Australia
| | - William R. Walsh
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney Australia
| | - Matthew H. Pelletier
- Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratories (SORL), Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang T, Si F, Zang L, Fan N, Yuan S, Du P, Wu Q, Wang A, Lu X. Radiographic adjacent segment degeneration and risk factors for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:2619-2628. [PMID: 35864260 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to clarify whether osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) following percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) was associated with a high risk for radiographic adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) and to identify the risk factors for radiographic ASD in these individuals. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with OVCFs who underwent PKP at our institution between November 2015 and January 2021. The incidence of radiographic ASD was calculated and specific subgroups of ASD were identified. Univariate and multivariate analyses of demographic, clinical baseline, and radiologic data were performed to identify risk factors associated with radiographic ASD. RESULTS With a mean follow-up time of 27.3 months, a total of 95 eligible patients were enrolled. The incidence of radiographic ASD distinguished from natural degeneration was 52.6%. Patients with OVCFs who underwent PKP had a high risk of developing radiographic ASD, particularly disc degeneration. Intradiscal cement leakage (odds ratio [OR], 5.706; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.039-15.970; P = 0.001) and preoperative disc height (OR, 0.681; 95% CI, 0.518-0.895; P = 0.006) were identified as independent risk factors. CONCLUSION Patients with OVCFs who underwent PKP were more likely to develop radiographic ASD, and their progression was distinguished from natural degeneration. Disc degeneration was the most common type of degeneration. Intradiscal cement leakage and preoperative disc height were identified as independent risk factors for developing radiographic ASD in these patients. Further validation through prospective multicenter studies is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Fangda Si
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Lei Zang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China.
| | - Ning Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Aobo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Xuanyu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 5 JingYuan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100043, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eremina G, Smolin A, Xie J, Syrkashev V. Development of a Computational Model of the Mechanical Behavior of the L4-L5 Lumbar Spine: Application to Disc Degeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6684. [PMID: 36234026 PMCID: PMC9572952 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative changes in the lumbar spine significantly reduce the quality of life of people. In order to fully understand the biomechanics of the affected spine, it is crucial to consider the biomechanical alterations caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, this study is aimed at the development of a discrete element model of the mechanical behavior of the L4-L5 spinal motion segment, which covers all the degeneration grades from healthy IVD to its severe degeneration, and numerical study of the influence of the IVD degeneration on stress state and biomechanics of the spine. In order to analyze the effects of IVD degeneration on spine biomechanics, we simulated physiological loading conditions using compressive forces. The results of modeling showed that at the initial stages of degenerative changes, an increase in the amplitude and area of maximum compressive stresses in the disc is observed. At the late stages of disc degradation, a decrease in the value of intradiscal pressure and a shift in the maximum compressive stresses in the dorsal direction is observed. Such an influence of the degradation of the geometric and mechanical parameters of the tissues of the disc leads to the effect of bulging, which in turn leads to the formation of an intervertebral hernia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galina Eremina
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Smolin
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademicheskii, 2/4, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Vladimir Syrkashev
- Department of General Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Trakt, 2, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Wu H, Li Z, Li B, Zhu M, Chen D, Ye F, Yu B, Huang Y. Species variation in the cartilaginous endplate of the lumbar intervertebral disc. JOR Spine 2022; 5:e1218. [PMID: 36203863 PMCID: PMC9520767 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Cartilaginous endplate (CEP) plays an essential role in intervertebral disc (IVD) health and disease. The aim was to compare the CEP structure of lumbar IVD and to reveal the detailed pattern of integration between the CEP and bony endplate (BEP) from different species. Methods A total of 34 IVDs (5 human, 5 goat, 8 pig, 8 rabbit, and 8 rat IVDs) were collected, fixed and midsagittally cut; in each IVD, one‐half was used for histological staining to observe the CEP morphology, and the other half was used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to measure the diameters and distributions of collagen fibers in the central and peripheral CEP areas and to observe the pattern of CEP‐BEP integration from different species. Results The human, pig, goat, and rabbit IVDs had the typical BEP‐CEP structure, but the rat CEP was directly connected with the growth plate. Human CEP was the thickest (896.95 ± 87.71 μm) among these species, followed by pig, goat, rat, and rabbit CEPs. Additionally, the mean cellular density of the rabbit CEP was the highest, which was 930 ± 202 per mm2, followed by the rat, goat, pig, and human CEPs. In all the species, the collagen fiber diameter in the peripheral area was much bigger than that in the central area. The collagen fiber diameters of CEP from the human, pig, goat, and rat were distributed between 35 nm and 65 nm. The BEP and CEP were connected by the collagen from the CEP, aggregating into bundles or cross links with each other to form a network, and anchored to BEP. Conclusions Significant differences in the thickness, cellular density, and collagen characterization of CEPs from different species were demonstrated; the integration of BEP‐CEP in humans, pigs, goats, and rabbits was mainly achieved by the collagen bundles anchoring system, while the typical BEP‐CEP interface did not exist in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐He Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Hai‐Long Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Zhen Li
- AO Research Institute Davos Davos Switzerland
| | - Bin‐Bin Li
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China
| | - Man Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Fei‐Hong Ye
- Hangzhou Zhigu Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Bin‐Sheng Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yong‐Can Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Peking University‐The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation: Annular Closure Devices and Key Design Requirements. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020047. [PMID: 35200401 PMCID: PMC8869316 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common degenerative spinal conditions resulting in lower back pain and sciatica. Surgical treatment options include microdiscectomy, lumbar fusion, total disc replacement, and other minimally invasive approaches. At present, microdiscectomy procedures are the most used technique; however, the annulus fibrosus is left with a defect that without treatment may contribute to high reherniation rates and changes in the biomechanics of the lumbar spine. This paper aims to review current commercially available products that mechanically close the annulus including the AnchorKnot® suture-passing device and the Barricaid® annular closure device. Previous studies and reviews have focused mainly on a biomimetic biomaterials approach and have described some mechanical and biological requirements for an active annular repair/regeneration strategy but are still far away from clinical implementation. Therefore, in this paper we aim to create a design specification for a mechanical annular closure strategy by identifying the most important mechanical and biological design parameters, including consideration of material selection, preclinical testing requirements, and requirements for clinical implementation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cheng F, Yang H, Cheng Y, Liu Y, Hai Y, Zhang Y. The role of oxidative stress in intervertebral disc cellular senescence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1038171. [PMID: 36561567 PMCID: PMC9763277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1038171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aggravation of social aging and the increase in work intensity, the prevalence of spinal degenerative diseases caused by intervertebral disc degeneration(IDD)has increased yearly, which has driven a heavy economic burden on patients and society. It is well known that IDD is associated with cell damage and degradation of the extracellular matrix. In recent years, it has been found that IDD is induced by various mechanisms (e.g., genetic, mechanical, and exposure). Increasing evidence shows that oxidative stress is a vital activation mechanism of IDD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) could regulate matrix metabolism, proinflammatory phenotype, apoptosis, autophagy, and aging of intervertebral disc cells. However, up to now, our understanding of a series of pathophysiological mechanisms of oxidative stress involved in the occurrence, development, and treatment of IDD is still limited. In this review, we discussed the oxidative stress through its mechanisms in accelerating IDD and some antioxidant treatment measures for IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuzeng Liu
- *Correspondence: Yuzeng Liu, ; Yong Hai, ; ; Yangpu Zhang,
| | - Yong Hai
- *Correspondence: Yuzeng Liu, ; Yong Hai, ; ; Yangpu Zhang,
| | - Yangpu Zhang
- *Correspondence: Yuzeng Liu, ; Yong Hai, ; ; Yangpu Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shalash W, Ahrens SR, Bardonova LA, Byvaltsev VA, Giers MB. Patient-specific apparent diffusion maps used to model nutrient availability in degenerated intervertebral discs. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1179. [PMID: 35005445 PMCID: PMC8717112 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, magnetic resonance imaging data was used to (1) model IVD-specific gradients of glucose, oxygen, lactate, and pH; and (2) investigate possible effects of covariate factors (i.e., disc geometry, and mean apparent diffusion coefficient values) on the IVD's microenvironment. Mathematical modeling of the patient's specific IVD microenvironment could be important when selecting patients for stem cell therapy due to the increased nutrient demand created by that treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Disc geometry and water diffusion coefficients were extracted from MRIs of 37 patients using sagittal T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, and ADC Maps. A 2-D steady state finite element mathematical model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.4 to compute concentration maps of glucose, oxygen, lactate and pH. RESULTS Concentration of nutrients (i.e., glucose, and oxygen) dropped with increasing distance from the cartilaginous endplates (CEP), whereas acidity levels increased. Most discs experienced poor nutrient levels along with high acidity values in the inner annulus fibrosus (AF). The disc's physiological microenvironment became more deficient as degeneration progressed. For example, minimum glucose concentration in grade 4 dropped by 31.1% compared to grade 3 (p < 0.0001). The model further suggested a strong effect of the following parameters: disc size, AF and CEP diffusivities, metabolic reactions, and cell density on solute concentrations in the disc (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The significance of this work implies that the individual morphology and physiological conditions of each disc, even among discs of the same Pfirrmann grade, should be evaluated when modeling IVD solute concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ward Shalash
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Sonia R. Ahrens
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Liudmila A. Bardonova
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
- Irkutsk State Medical UniversityIrkutskRussia
| | - Vadim A. Byvaltsev
- Irkutsk State Medical UniversityIrkutskRussia
- Railway Clinical Hospital at the Irkutsk‐Passazhirsky StationIrkutskRussia
| | - Morgan B. Giers
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Veroutis D, Kouroumalis A, Lagopati N, Polyzou A, Chamilos C, Papadodima S, Evangelou K, Gorgoulis VG, Kletsas D. Evaluation of senescent cells in intervertebral discs by lipofuscin staining. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111564. [PMID: 34474077 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is considered an important contributor of low back pain, a major age-related disease. Interestingly, an unprecedented high number of senescent cells has been reported in aged and degenerated IVDs, most probably affecting tissue homeostasis. In previous studies classical markers of cellular senescence have been used, such as SA-β-gal staining or p16Ink4a expression. Aim of the presented study was a re-evaluation of the number of senescent IVD cells by using a newly established staining procedure for lipofuscin, based on a Sudan Black-B analogue (GL13), which can be used in fresh, as well as in fixed and embedded tissues. In cultures of senescent rat and human IVD cells both SA-β-gal and GL13 gave similar percentages of senescent cells. Similarly, in fresh tissues from old rats the ratios of senescent cells were high with both detection procedures. Finally, in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues from humans, a significant increased number of GL13-positive cells was found in herniated tissues, as compared to apparently normal ones, while similar numbers of p16Ink4a-positive cells were observed. These data confirm the significantly enhanced number of senescent cells in aged and degenerated IVDs, most probably contributing to the degeneration of this tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Veroutis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Kouroumalis
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Polyzou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Stavroula Papadodima
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kletsas
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Kang J, Guo X, Zhu D, Liu M, Yang L, Zhang G, Kang X. Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Models for Pathophysiology and Regenerative Therapy -Benefits and Limitations. J INVEST SURG 2021; 35:935-952. [PMID: 34309468 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.1953640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aim:This review summarized the recent intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) models and described their advantages and potential disadvantages, aiming to provide an overview for the current condition of IDD model establishment and new ideas for new strategies development of the treatment and prevention of IDD.Methods:The database of PubMed was searched up to May 2021 with the following search terms: nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, cartilage endplate, intervertebral disc(IVD), intervertebral disc degeneration, animal model, organ culture, bioreactor, inflammatory reaction, mechanical stress, pathophysiology, epidemiology. Any IDD model-related articles were collected and summarized.Results:The best IDD model should have the features of repeatability, measurability and controllability. There are a lot of aspects to be considered in the selection of animals. Mice, rats and rabbits are low-cost and easy to access. However, their IVD size and shape are more different from human anatomy than pigs, cattle, sheep and goats. Organ culture models and animal models are two options in model establishment for IDD. The IVD organ culture model can put the studying variables into the controllable system for transitional research. Unlike the animal model, the organ culture model can only be used to evaluate the short-term effects and it is not applicable in simulating the complex process of IDD. Similarly, the animal models induced by different methods also have their advantages and disadvantages. For studying the mechanism of IDD and the corresponding treatment and prevention strategies, the selection of model should be individualized based on the purpose of each study.Conclusions:Various models have different characteristics and scope of application due to their different rationales and methods of construction. Currently, there is no experimental model that can perfectly mimic the degenerative process of human IVD. Personalized selection of appropriate model based on study purpose and experimental designing can enhance the possibility to obtain reliable and real results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jihe Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mingqiang Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for The Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Gansu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peng Y, Qing X, Shu H, Tian S, Yang W, Chen S, Lin H, Lv X, Zhao L, Chen X, Pu F, Huang D, Cao X, Shao Z, Yp, Zs, Xc, Yp, Yp, Xq, Hs, St, Wy, Yp, Xq, Hs, St, Hl, Xl, Lz, Xc, Fp, Sc, Yp, Xq, Hs, St, Yp, Xq, Wy, Hl, Xl, Lz, Xc, Fp, Sc, Hdh, Wy, Hl, Xl, Lz, Xc, Fp, Sc, Hdh, Zs, Xc. Proper animal experimental designs for preclinical research of biomaterials for intervertebral disc regeneration. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:91-142. [PMID: 35836965 PMCID: PMC9255780 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is a vital musculoskeletal disease that impairs life quality, leads to disability and imposes heavy economic burden on the society, while it is greatly attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, the existing treatments, such as medicines, chiropractic adjustments and surgery, cannot achieve ideal disc regeneration. Therefore, advanced bioactive therapies are implemented, including stem cells delivery, bioreagents administration, and implantation of biomaterials etc. Among these researches, few reported unsatisfying regenerative outcomes. However, these advanced therapies have barely achieved successful clinical translation. The main reason for the inconsistency between satisfying preclinical results and poor clinical translation may largely rely on the animal models that cannot actually simulate the human disc degeneration. The inappropriate animal model also leads to difficulties in comparing the efficacies among biomaterials in different reaches. Therefore, animal models that better simulate the clinical charateristics of human IDD should be acknowledged. In addition, in vivo regenerative outcomes should be carefully evaluated to obtain robust results. Nevertheless, many researches neglect certain critical characteristics, such as adhesive properties for biomaterials blocking annulus fibrosus defects and hyperalgesia that is closely related to the clinical manifestations, e.g., low back pain. Herein, in this review, we summarized the animal models established for IDD, and highlighted the proper models and parameters that may result in acknowledged IDD models. Then, we discussed the existing biomaterials for disc regeneration and the characteristics that should be considered for regenerating different parts of discs. Finally, well-established assays and parameters for in vivo disc regeneration are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuo Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Songfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Feifei Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Donghua Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Corresponding authors: Zengwu Shao, ; Xu Cao,
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China,Corresponding authors: Zengwu Shao, ; Xu Cao,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee NN, Salzer E, Bach FC, Bonilla AF, Cook JL, Gazit Z, Grad S, Ito K, Smith LJ, Vernengo A, Wilke H, Engiles JB, Tryfonidou MA. A comprehensive tool box for large animal studies of intervertebral disc degeneration. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1162. [PMID: 34337336 PMCID: PMC8313180 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies involving large animal models aim to recapitulate the clinical situation as much as possible and bridge the gap from benchtop to bedside. To date, studies investigating intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and regeneration in large animal models have utilized a wide spectrum of methodologies for outcome evaluation. This paper aims to consolidate available knowledge, expertise, and experience in large animal preclinical models of IVD degeneration to create a comprehensive tool box of anatomical and functional outcomes. Herein, we present a Large Animal IVD Scoring Algorithm based on three scales: macroscopic (gross morphology, imaging, and biomechanics), microscopic (histological, biochemical, and biomolecular analyses), and clinical (neurologic state, mobility, and pain). The proposed algorithm encompasses a stepwise evaluation on all three scales, including spinal pain assessment, and relevant structural and functional components of IVD health and disease. This comprehensive tool box was designed for four commonly used preclinical large animal models (dog, pig, goat, and sheep) in order to facilitate standardization and applicability. Furthermore, it is intended to facilitate comparison across studies while discerning relevant differences between species within the context of outcomes with the goal to enhance veterinary clinical relevance as well. Current major challenges in pre-clinical large animal models for IVD regeneration are highlighted and insights into future directions that may improve the understanding of the underlying pathologies are discussed. As such, the IVD research community can deepen its exploration of the molecular, cellular, structural, and biomechanical changes that occur with IVD degeneration and regeneration, paving the path for clinically relevant therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi N. Lee
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative OrthopaedicsUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Elias Salzer
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Frances C. Bach
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Andres F. Bonilla
- Preclinical Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical SciencesColorado State UniversityColoradoUSA
| | - James L. Cook
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative OrthopaedicsUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Zulma Gazit
- Department of SurgeryCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Keita Ito
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Lachlan J. Smith
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Andrea Vernengo
- AO Research Institute DavosDavosSwitzerland
- Department of Chemical EngineeringRowan UniversityGlassboroNew JerseyUSA
| | - Hans‐Joachim Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and BiomechanicsUniversity Hospital UlmUlmGermany
| | - Julie B. Engiles
- Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaKennett SquarePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ashinsky B, Smith HE, Mauck RL, Gullbrand SE. Intervertebral disc degeneration and regeneration: a motion segment perspective. Eur Cell Mater 2021; 41:370-380. [PMID: 33763848 PMCID: PMC8607668 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v041a24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Back and neck pain have become primary reasons for disability and healthcare spending globally. While the causes of back pain are multifactorial, intervertebral disc degeneration is frequently cited as a primary source of pain. The annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) subcomponents of the disc are common targets for regenerative therapeutics. However, disc degeneration is also associated with degenerative changes to adjacent spinal tissues, and successful regenerative therapies will likely need to consider and address the pathology of adjacent spinal structures beyond solely the disc subcomponents. This review summarises the current state of knowledge in the field regarding associations between back pain, disc degeneration, and degeneration of the cartilaginous and bony endplates, the AF-vertebral body interface, the facet joints and spinal muscles, in addition to a discussion of regenerative strategies for treating pain and degeneration from a whole motion segment perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S E Gullbrand
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Centre, Research, Building 21, Rm A214, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen X, Guo W, Li H, Li X, Han Z, Chu X, Lao Z, Xie J, Cai D. Evaluation of Cartilaginous Endplate Degeneration Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:5534227. [PMID: 33859806 PMCID: PMC8009704 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5534227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In order to carry out the evaluation of cartilaginous endplate degeneration based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this paper retrospectively analyzed the MRI data from 120 cases of patients who were diagnosed as lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration and underwent MRI examinations in the designated hospital of this study from June 2018 to June 2020. All cases underwent conventional sagittal and transverse T1WI and T2WI scans, and some cases were added with sagittal fat-suppression T2WI scans; then, the number of degenerative cartilaginous endplates and its ratio to degenerative lumbar intervertebral discs were counted and calculated, and the T1WI and T2WI signal characteristics of each degenerative cartilage endplate and its correlation with cartilaginous endplate degeneration were summarized, compared, and analyzed to evaluate the cartilaginous endplate degeneration by those magnetic resonance information. The study results show that there were 33 cases of cartilaginous endplate degeneration, accounting for 27.50% of all those 120 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (54 degenerative endplates in total), including 9 cases with low T1WI and high T2WI signals, 5 cases with high T1WI and low T2WI signals, 12 cases with high and low mixed T1WI and high or mixed T2WI signals, and 4 cases with both low T1WI and T2WI signals. Therefore, MRI scanning can clearly present the abnormal signals of lumbar intervertebral disc and cartilaginous endplate degeneration, accurately identity their lesion locations, and type their degenerative characteristics, which may be best inspection method for the evaluation of cartilaginous endplate degeneration in the early diagnosis of intervertebral disc degeneration. The study results of this paper provide a reference for further researches on the evaluation of cartilaginous endplate degeneration based on magnetic resonance imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Weijun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Dermatology, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Zhuangxun Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Xueyuan Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Zehui Lao
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Junxian Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
| | - Dongling Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 511400, China
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lakstins K, Arnold L, Gunsch G, Khan S, Moore S, Purmessur D. Characterization of bovine and canine animal model cartilage endplates and comparison to human cartilage endplate structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1116. [PMID: 33392453 PMCID: PMC7770203 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to further explore mechanisms of cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration, due to its role in the onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype between the human and bovine or canine, both clinically relevant animal models currently used to study the intervertebral disc, CEP. This information may be used in addition to other relevant studies, to help determine optimal animal models for use in studying the role of the CEP in intervertebral disc degeneration and back pain. Endplate structure, matrix composition, cell morphology, and gene expression were evaluated using a picrosirius red/alcian blue and hematoxylin and eosin stain, a dimethylmethylene blue assay, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The bovine and canine CEPs were thinner with more rounded cells and thicker bony endplates. The canine CEP contained significantly more sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The bovine CEP demonstrated higher expression of ACAN, COL1, and COL2 and lower expression of T, FBLN1, and collagen X (COLX) compared to the human CEP. The canine CEP had higher COL2 and lower COL1, KRT19, MKX, FBLN1, COLX expression compared to human. These similarities and differences between human and bovine or canine CEP are important to consider when evaluating which animal model is most optimal to use in future studies, interpreting research findings using these animal models and assessing translatability to the human condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Lakstins
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Lauren Arnold
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Gilian Gunsch
- Department of BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Safdar Khan
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Sarah Moore
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Devina Purmessur
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang Z, Zeng Q, Li D, Ding L, Lu W, Bian M, Wu J. Long non‑coding RNA MALAT1 promotes high glucose‑induced rat cartilage endplate cell apoptosis via the p38/MAPK signalling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2220-2226. [PMID: 32323759 PMCID: PMC7115198 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The long non‑coding RNA MALAT1 has been revealed to play an important role in diabetes‑associated complications. However, the specific role of MALAT1 in diabetes‑associated IDD has not been determined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the roles of MALAT1 in the apoptosis of cartilage endplate (CEP) cells induced by high glucose and to explore the mechanisms underlying this effect. Rat CEP cells were cultured in high‑glucose medium (25 mM glucose) for 24 or 72 h. Cells cultured in medium containing 5 mM glucose were used as a control. Flow cytometry was used to detect the degree of apoptosis. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of MALAT1 mRNA. In addition, CEP cells were treated with different conditions (high glucose, high glucose + MALAT1 negative control, high glucose + MALAT1 RNAi, normal control) for 72 h. Flow cytometry was subsequently used to detect apoptosis and western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of total and phosphorylated p38. The results revealed that high glucose concentration promoted apoptosis and enhanced expression of MALAT1 in CEP cells. Furthermore, MALAT1 knockout decreased the expression levels of total and phosphorylated p38 and reduced the apoptosis of rat CEP cells. The results obtained in the present study indicated that MALAT1 may serve as an important therapeutic target for curing or delaying IDD in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Qingmin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Defang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai TCM‑Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China
| | - Mengxuan Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Jingping Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|