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Kim HB, Jo Y, Woo SH, Han SY, Lee SH, Chang YT, Park JY, Jang J, Han HH. The Effect of 3-Dimensional-Printed Sequential Dual Drug-Releasing Patch on the Capsule Formation Around the Silicone Implant in a Rat Model. Aesthet Surg J 2024; 44:NP411-NP420. [PMID: 38330289 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implant-based breast reconstruction is associated with increased risk of early infection and late-stage capsular contracture. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the feasibility of a dual drug-releasing patch that enabled the controlled delivery of antibiotics and immunosuppressants in a temporally and spatially appropriate manner to the implant site. METHODS The efficacy of a dual drug-releasing patch, which was 3-dimensional-printed (3D-printed) with tissue-derived biomaterial ink, was evaluated in rats with silicone implants. The groups included implant only (n = 10); implant plus bacterial inoculation (n = 14); implant, bacterial inoculation, and patch loaded with gentamycin placed on the ventral side of the implant (n = 10), and implant, bacterial inoculation, and patch loaded with gentamycin and triamcinolone acetonide (n = 9). Histologic and immunohistochemical analyses were performed 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS The 2 drugs were sequentially released from the dual drug-releasing patch and exhibited different release profiles. Compared to the animals with bacterial inoculation, those with the antibiotic-only and the dual drug-releasing patch exhibited thinner capsules and lower myofibroblast activity and inflammation, indicating better tissue integration and less foreign body response. These effects were more pronounced with the dual drug-releasing patch than with the antibiotic-only patch. CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed dual drug-releasing patch effectively reduced inflammation and capsule formation in a rat model of silicone breast reconstruction. The beneficial effect of the dual drug-releasing patch was better than that of the antibiotic-only patch, indicating its therapeutic potential as a novel approach to preventing capsular contracture while reducing concerns of systemic side effects.
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Raeder SB, Sandbakken ET, Nepal A, Løseth K, Bergh K, Witsø E, Otterlei M. Novel Peptides Targeting the β-Clamp Rapidly Kill Planktonic and Biofilm Staphylococcus epidermidis Both in vitro and in vivo. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:631557. [PMID: 33815313 PMCID: PMC8009970 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.631557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat to global health and challenges the way we treat infections. Peptides containing the PCNA interacting motif APIM (APIM-peptides) were recently shown to bind to the bacterial PCNA homolog, the beta (β)-clamp, and to have both antibacterial and anti-mutagenic activities. In this study we explore the antibacterial effects of these peptides on Staphylococcus epidermidis, a bacterial species commonly found in prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Drug-resistant bacterial isolates from PJIs often lead to difficult-to-treat chronic infections. We show that APIM-peptides have a rapid bactericidal effect which when used at sublethal levels also increase the efficacy of gentamicin. In addition, APIM-peptides reduce development and eliminate already existing S. epidermidis biofilm. To study the potential use of APIM-peptides to prevent PJI, we used an in vivo bone graft model in rats where APIM-peptide, gentamicin, or a combination of the two was added to cement. The bone grafts containing cement with the combination was more effective than cement containing only gentamicin, which is the current standard of care. In summary, these results suggest that APIM-peptides can be a promising new drug candidate for anti-infective implant materials to use in the fight against resistant bacteria and chronic PJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synnøve Brandt Raeder
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Anala Nepal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kirsti Løseth
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kåre Bergh
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eivind Witsø
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Otterlei
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Helbig L, Guehring T, Titze N, Nurjadi D, Sonntag R, Armbruster J, Wildemann B, Schmidmaier G, Gruetzner AP, Freischmidt H. A new sequential animal model for infection-related non-unions with segmental bone defect. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:329. [PMID: 32460740 PMCID: PMC7254709 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of fracture-related infections (FRI) is still a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The prevalence of FRI is particularly high in open fractures with extensive soft-tissue damage. This study aimed to develop a new two-step animal model for non-unions with segmental bone defects, which could be used to evaluate new innovative bone substitutes to improve the therapeutic options in humans with FRI and bone defects. METHODS After randomization to infected or non-infected groups, 30 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a transverse osteotomy of the mid-shaft femur with a 5 mm defect. Additionally, the periosteum at the fracture zone was cauterized at both sides. After intramedullary inoculation with 103 CFU Staphylococcus aureus (infected group) or PBS (non-infected group), a fracture stabilization was done by intramedullary K-wires. After 5 weeks, the bone healing process was evaluated, and revision surgery was performed in order to obtain increased bone healing. The initial K-wires were removed, and debridement of the osteotomy-gap was done followed by a more stable re-osteosynthesis with an angle-stable plate. After further 8 weeks all rats were euthanized and the bone consolidation was tested biomechanically and the callus formation quantitatively by micro-CT analysis. RESULTS We developed and presented a new two-stage non-union animal model through a targeted S. aureus infection. After 5 weeks, all animals showed a non-union irrespective of assignment to the infected and non-infected group. Lane and Sandhu score showed a higher callus formation in the infected group. In all infected animals, the inoculated S. aureus strain was detected in the revision surgery. The second surgery did not improve bone healing, as shown by the Lane Sandhu score and in the μ-CT analysis. Similarly, biomechanical testing showed in both groups a significantly lower maximum torque as compared to the contralateral side (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS We were able to successfully develop a new two-stage non-union animal model, which reflects a genuine clinical situation of an infection-related non-union model with segmental bone defects. This model could be used to evaluate various therapeutic anti-infectious and osteoinductive strategies in FRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Helbig
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Guehring
- Arcus Sportklinik Pforzheim, Rastatterstr. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Titze
- Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Dennis Nurjadi
- Department of Infectious Diseases Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Sonntag
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Implant Research, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Armbruster
- Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Britt Wildemann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmidmaier
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alfred Paul Gruetzner
- Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Holger Freischmidt
- Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
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