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Li J, Liu J, Shi W, Guo J. Role and molecular mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza associated with chemical compounds in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37844. [PMID: 38640337 PMCID: PMC11029945 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. This article reviews the progress in Salvia miltiorrhiza, an ancient Chinese plant, for the treatment of DM and its associated complications. Extensive studies have been conducted on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of S miltiorrhiza, including its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It has demonstrated potential in preventing and treating diabetes and its consequences by improving peripheral nerve function and increasing retinal thickness in diabetic individuals. Moreover, S miltiorrhiza has shown effectiveness when used in conjunction with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and statins. The safety and tolerability of S miltiorrhiza have also been thoroughly investigated. Despite the established benefits of managing DM and its complications, further research is needed to determine appropriate usage, dosage, long-term health benefits, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Weibing Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinchen Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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Wang T, Zhang X, Liu W, Ning F, Hu X, Qin L, Cui M, Yang J, Lv S, Wang Q. Identification of diagnostic molecules and potential traditional Chinese medicine components for Alzheimer's disease by single cell RNA sequencing combined with a systematic framework for network pharmacology. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1335512. [PMID: 38249960 PMCID: PMC10799563 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1335512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) provides new perspectives and ideas to investigate the interactions between different cell types and organisms. By integrating scRNA-seq with new computational frameworks or specific technologies, better Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatments may be developed. Methods The single-cell sequencing dataset GSE158234 was obtained from the GEO database. Preprocessing, quality control, dimensionality-reducing clustering, and annotation to identify cell types were performed on it. RNA-seq profiling dataset GSE238013 was used to determine the components of specific cell subpopulations in diverse samples. A set of genes included in the OMIM, Genecards, CTD, and DisGeNET databases were selected as highly plausible AD-related genes. Then, ROC curves were created to predict the diagnostic value using the significantly expressed genes in the KO group as hub genes. The genes mentioned above were mapped to the Coremine Medical database to forecast prospective therapeutic Chinese medicines, and a "Chinese medicine-ingredient-target" network was constructed to screen for potential therapeutic targets. The last step was to undertake Mendelian randomization research to determine the causal link between the critical gene IL1B and AD in the genome-wide association study. Results Using the scRNA-seq dataset, five unique cell clusters were discovered. These clusters were further subdivided into four distinct cell types using marker genes. The KO group showed a more substantial differential subgroup of macrophages than the WT group. By using the available datasets and PPI network analysis, 54 common genes were discovered. Four clusters were identified using the MCODE approach, and correlation analysis showed that seven genes in those four clusters had a significantly negative correlation with macrophages. Six genes in four sets had a significantly positive correlation. Five genes had different levels of expression in the WT and KO groups. The String database was used to identify the regulatory relationships between the four genes (IL10, CX3CR1, IL1B, and IL6) that were finally selected as AD hub genes. Screening identified potential traditional Chinese medicine to intervene in the transformation process of AD, including Radix Salviae, ginseng, Ganoderma, licorice, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Scutellariae Radix, in addition to promising therapeutic targets, such as PTGS1, PTGS2, and RXRA. Finally, it was shown that IL1B directly correlated with immune cell infiltration in AD. In inverse variance weighting, we found that IL1B was associated with a higher risk of AD, with an OR of 1.003 (95% CI = 1.001-1.006, p = 0.038). Conclusion Our research combined network pharmacology and the scRNA-seq computational framework to uncover pertinent hub genes and prospective traditional Chinese medicine potential therapeutic targets for AD. These discoveries may aid in understanding the molecular processes behind AD genes and the development of novel medications to treat the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Fangli Ning
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xingling Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Jinyue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Shi Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
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Shri SR, Manandhar S, Nayak Y, Pai KSR. Role of GSK-3β Inhibitors: New Promises and Opportunities for Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:688-700. [PMID: 38022801 PMCID: PMC10676556 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was discovered to be a multifunctional enzyme involved in a wide variety of biological processes, including early embryo formation, oncogenesis, as well cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. Several critical cellular processes in the brain are regulated by the GSK-3β, serving as a central switch in the signaling pathways. Dysregulation of GSK-3β kinase has been reported in diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, inflammation, and Huntington's disease. Thus, GSK-3β is widely regarded as a promising target for therapeutic use. The current review article focuses mainly on Alzheimer's disease, an age-related neurodegenerative brain disorder. GSK-3β activation increases amyloid-beta (Aβ) and the development of neurofibrillary tangles that are involved in the disruption of material transport between axons and dendrites. The drug-binding cavities of GSK-3β are explored, and different existing classes of GSK-3β inhibitors are explained in this review. Non-ATP competitive inhibitors, such as allosteric inhibitors, can reduce the side effects compared to ATP-competitive inhibitors. Whereas ATP-competitive inhibitors produce disarrangement of the cytoskeleton, neurofibrillary tangles formation, and lead to the death of neurons, etc. This could be because they are binding to a site separate from ATP. Owing to their interaction in particular and special binding sites, allosteric ligands interact with substrates more selectively, which will be beneficial in resolving drug-induced resistance and also helpful in reducing side effects. Hence, in this review, we focussed on the allosteric GSK-3β inhibitors and discussed their futuristic opportunities as anti-Alzheimer's compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal -576104, India
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Chen L, Zhen Y, Wang X, Wang J, Zhu G. Neurovascular glial unit: A target of phytotherapy for cognitive impairments. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155009. [PMID: 37573807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurovascular glial unit (NVGU) dysfunction has been reported to be an early and critical event in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). Although herbal medicines, with their favorable safety profiles and low adverse effects, have been suggested to be useful for the treatment of cognitive impairment, the potential role of the NVGU as the target of the effects of herbal medicines is still unclear. PURPOSE This review aimed to retrieve evidence from experimental studies of phytopharmaceuticals targeting the NVGU for the treatment of cognitive impairment in AD and VD, and discussed the potential of phytopharmaceuticals to improve cognitive impairment from the perspective of the NVGU. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI. The keywords used for searching information on the NVGU in the treatment of cognitive impairments included "Alzheimer's disease," "Vascular dementia," "Herbal medicines," "Natural products," "Neurovascular," "Adverse reaction," and "Toxicity, etc." We selected studies on the basis of predefined eligibility criteria. RESULTS NVGU mainly consists of endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and neurons, and damage to these cells can induce cognitive impairment by impairing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) as well as neuronal function. The active components of herbal medicines, including Ginkgo biloba L., Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Epimedium Folium, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Carthami flos, and Acorus tatarinowii Schott, as well as traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions have shown the potential to improve BBB function and increase CBF to prevent cognitive impairment by inhibiting astrocyte and microglia activation, protecting oligodendrocyte myelin function, reducing neuronal apoptosis, and promoting angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Herbal medicines demonstrate great potential to prevent cognitive impairment. Multiple components from herbal medicines may function through different signaling pathways to target the NVGU. Future studies using novel drug-carrier or delivery systems targeting the NVGU will certainly facilitate the development of phytopharmaceuticals for AD and VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yilan Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xuncui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jingji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Sivamaruthi BS, Raghani N, Chorawala M, Bhattacharya S, Prajapati BG, Elossaily GM, Chaiyasut C. NF-κB Pathway and Its Inhibitors: A Promising Frontier in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2587. [PMID: 37761028 PMCID: PMC10526355 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway has emerged as a pivotal player in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including neurodegenerative illnesses like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The involvement of the NF-κB pathway in immune system responses, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival highlights its significance in AD progression. We discuss the advantages of NF-κB pathway inhibition, including the potential to mitigate neuroinflammation, modulate amyloid beta (Aβ) production, and promote neuronal survival. However, we also acknowledge the limitations and challenges associated with this approach. Balancing the fine line between dampening inflammation and preserving physiological immune responses is critical to avoid unintended consequences. This review combines current knowledge on the NF-κB pathway's intricate involvement in AD pathogenesis, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target. By evaluating both advantages and limitations, we provide a holistic view of the feasibility and challenges of NF-κB pathway modulation in AD treatment. As the quest for effective AD therapies continues, an in-depth understanding of the NF-κB pathway's multifaceted roles will guide the development of targeted interventions with the potential to improve AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Neha Raghani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Mehul Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Sankha Bhattacharya
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM’S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Bhupendra G. Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, India
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Ma L, Jiang X, Huang Q, Chen W, Zhang H, Pei H, Cao Y, Wang H, Li H. Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A focus on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115244. [PMID: 37516021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most frequent cause of dementia, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by a progressive decline in cognitive function that is associated with the formation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Gut microbiota comprises of a complex community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal ecosystem. These microorganisms can participate in gut-brain axis activities, thereby affecting cognitive function and associated behaviours. Increasing evidence has indicated that gut dysbiosis can jeopardise host immune responses and promote inflammation, which may be an initiating factor for the onset and evolution of AD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a promising resource which encompasses immense chemical diversity and multiple-target characteristics for the treatment of AD. Many TCMs regulate the gut microbiota during treatment of diseases, indicating that gut microbiota may be an important target for TCM efficacy. In this review, we summarised the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the development of AD and the effects of TCM in treating AD by regulating the gut microbiota. We anticipate that this review will provide novel perspectives and strategies for future AD research and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ma
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Xuefan Jiang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Qiaoyi Huang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huiqin Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hui Pei
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Huichan Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, PR China.
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Sherawat K, Mehan S. Tanshinone-IIA mediated neuroprotection by modulating neuronal pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1647-1667. [PMID: 37010572 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The progression of neurological diseases is mainly attributed to oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and trauma, making them a primary public concern. Since no drugs can stop these neurological disorders from happening, active phytochemical intervention has been suggested as a possible treatment. Among the several phytochemicals being studied for their potential health advantages, tanshinone-IIA (Tan-IIA ) stands out due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Tan-IIA, derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza plant, is a phenanthrenequinone. The pharmacological characteristics of Tan-IIAagainst various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses have led researchers to believe that the compound possesses neuroprotective potential. Tan-IIA has therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and its broad range of activities. In treating neurological disorders, Tan-IIA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, BBB protectant, and antioxidant properties. This article concisely summarises the latest scientific findings about the cellular and molecular aspects of Tan-IIA neuroprotection in relation to various neurological diseases. The results of preclinical studies on Tan-IIA provide insight into its potential application in future therapeutic development. This molecule rapidly establishes as a prominent bioactive compound for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sherawat
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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An Q, Wu M, Yang C, Feng Y, Xu X, Su H, Zhang G. Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer: A review of its mechanism (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:139. [PMID: 36845955 PMCID: PMC9947574 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the commonest malignant tumors in the world today, causing millions of mortalities every year. New methods to treat lung cancer are urgently needed. Salviae miltiorrhiza Bunge is a common Chinese medicine, often used for promoting blood circulation. In the past 20 years, Salviae miltiorrhiza has made significant progress in the treatment of lung cancer and is considered to be one of the most promising methods to fight against the disease. A great amount of research has shown that the mechanism of Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer mainly includes inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer cells, promoting lung cancer cell apoptosis, inducing cell autophagy, regulating immunity and resisting angiogenesis. Research has shown that Salviae miltiorrhiza has certain effects on the resistance to chemotherapy drugs. The present review discussed the status and prospects of Salviae miltiorrhiza against human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Chuqi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yewen Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Hang Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Guangji Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Traditional Chinese Medicine ‘Preventing Disease’ Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Guangji Zhang, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 526 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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Kong J, Li S, Li Y, Chen M. Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza active compounds on placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1034455. [PMID: 36711034 PMCID: PMC9880055 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1034455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (PMPCs), including preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), occur in approximately 5% of pregnancies and are caused by abnormal placenta development. The development of effective therapies for PMPCs is still challenging due to the complicated pathogenesis, such as disrupted vascular homeostasis and subsequent abnormal placentation. Synthetic drugs have been recommended for treating PMPCs; however, they tend to cause adverse reactions in the mother and fetus. Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) has potential effects on PMPCs owing to its advantages in treating cardiovascular disorders. S. miltiorrhiza and its active compounds could attenuate the symptoms of PMPCs through anticoagulation, vasodilation, antioxidation, and endothelial protection. Thus, in this review, we summarize the literature and provide comprehensive insights on S. miltiorrhiza and its phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and on PMPCs, which would be valuable to explore promising drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyin Kong
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songjun Li
- Department of Reproduction Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingting Li
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Min Chen,
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Tan W, Qi L, Hu X, Tan Z. Research progress in traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:921794. [PMID: 36506569 PMCID: PMC9729772 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.921794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the world's leading cause of dementia and has become a huge economic burden on nations and families. However, the exact etiology of AD is still unknown, and there are no efficient medicines or methods to prevent the deterioration of cognition. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made important contributions in the battle against AD based on the characteristics of multiple targets of TCM. This study reviewed the treatment strategies and new discoveries of traditional Chinese medicine in current research, which may be beneficial to new drug researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Tan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingjun Qi
- Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenghuai Tan
- Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Zhenghuai Tan,
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A Novel Based-Network Strategy to Identify Phytochemicals from Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Danshen) for Treating Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144463. [PMID: 35889336 PMCID: PMC9317794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disease that strikes millions worldwide. Herein, we demonstrate a new approach based on network target to identify anti-AD compounds from Danshen. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to establish the DS-AD network, which mainly involved apoptosis of neuron cells. Then network scoring was confirmed via Connectivity Map analysis. M308 (Danshenxinkun D) was an anti-AD candidate with a high score (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we conducted ex vivo experiments with H2O2-treated PC12 cells to verify the neuroprotective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza-containing plasma (SMP), and UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and RT-qPCR were performed to demonstrate the anti-AD activity of M308 from SMP. Results revealed that SMP could enhance cell viability and level of acetylcholine. AO/EB staining and Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) analysis showed that SMP significantly suppressed apoptosis, which may be due to anti-oxidative stress activity. Moreover, the effects of M308 and SMP on expressions of PSEN1, DRD2, and APP mRNA were consistent, and M308 can significantly reverse the expression of PSEN1 and DRD2 mRNA in H2O2-treated PC12 cells. The strategy based on the network could be employed to identify anti-AD compounds from Chinese herbs. Notably, M308 stands out as a promising anti-AD candidate for development.
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Zhao Y, Tan DC, Peng B, Yang L, Zhang SY, Shi RP, Chong CM, Zhong ZF, Wang SP, Liang QL, Wang YT. Neuroendocrine-Immune Regulatory Network of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123697. [PMID: 35744822 PMCID: PMC9229650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (E. ulmoides) is a popular medicinal herb and health supplement in China, Japan, and Korea, and has a variety of pharmaceutical properties. The neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) network is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and physical or psychological functions at a holistic level, consistent with the regulatory theory of natural medicine. This review aims to systematically summarize the chemical compositions, biological roles, and pharmacological properties of E. ulmoides to build a bridge between it and NEI-associated diseases and to provide a perspective for the development of its new clinical applications. After a review of the literature, we found that E. ulmoides has effects on NEI-related diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, insomnia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. However, clinical studies on E. ulmoides were scarce. In addition, E. ulmoides derivatives are diverse in China, and they are mainly used to enhance immunity, improve hepatic damage, strengthen bones, and lower blood pressure. Through network pharmacological analysis, we uncovered the possibility that E. ulmoides is involved in functional interactions with cancer development, insulin resistance, NAFLD, and various inflammatory pathways associated with NEI diseases. Overall, this review suggests that E. ulmoides has a wide range of applications for NEI-related diseases and provides a direction for its future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - De-Chao Tan
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Bo Peng
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Lin Yang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Si-Yuan Zhang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Rui-Peng Shi
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Cheong-Meng Chong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Zhang-Feng Zhong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Sheng-Peng Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
| | - Qiong-Lin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.L.); (Y.-T.W.); Tel.: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-8822-4691 (Y.-T.W.); Fax: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-2884-1358 (Y.-T.W.)
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China; (Y.Z.); (D.-C.T.); (B.P.); (L.Y.); (S.-Y.Z.); (R.-P.S.); (C.-M.C.); (Z.-F.Z.); (S.-P.W.)
- Correspondence: (Q.-L.L.); (Y.-T.W.); Tel.: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-8822-4691 (Y.-T.W.); Fax: +86-010-6277-2263 (Q.-L.L.); +853-2884-1358 (Y.-T.W.)
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Soriano-Castell D, Liang Z, Maher P, Currais A. Profiling the chemical nature of anti-oxytotic/ferroptotic compounds with phenotypic screening. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:313-325. [PMID: 34748909 PMCID: PMC8639737 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Because old age is the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is critical to target the pathological events that link aging to AD in order to develop an efficient treatment that acts upon the primary causes of the disease. One such event might be the activation of oxytosis/ferroptosis, a unique cell death mechanism characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and lethal lipid peroxidation. Here, a comprehensive library of >900 natural compounds was screened for protection against oxytosis/ferroptosis in nerve cells with the goal of better understanding the chemical nature of inhibitors of oxytosis/ferroptosis. Although the compounds tested spanned structurally diverse chemical classes from animal, microbial, plant and synthetic origins, a small set of very potent anti-oxytotic/ferroptotic compounds was identified that was highly enriched in plant quinones. The ability of these compounds to protect against oxytosis/ferroptosis strongly correlated with their ability to protect against in vitro ischemia and intracellular amyloid-beta toxicity in nerve cells, indicating that aspects of oxytosis/ferroptosis also underly other toxicities that are relevant to AD. Importantly, the anti-oxytotic/ferroptotic character of the quinone compounds relied on their capacity to target and directly prevent lipid peroxidation in a manner that required the reducing activity of cellular redox enzymes, such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). Because some of the compounds increased the production of total reactive oxygen species while decreasing lipid peroxidation, it appears that the pro-oxidant character of a compound can coexist with an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation and, consequently, still prevent oxytosis/ferroptosis. These findings have significant implications for the understanding of oxytosis/ferroptosis and open new approaches to the development of future neurotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Soriano-Castell
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pamela Maher
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Antonio Currais
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd. La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Tan FHP, Ting ACJ, Leow BG, Najimudin N, Watanabe N, Azzam G. Alleviatory effects of Danshen, Salvianolic acid A and Salvianolic acid B on PC12 neuronal cells and Drosophila melanogaster model of Alzheimer's disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114389. [PMID: 34217797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danshen water extract (DWE), obtained from the Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Family Lamiaceae) root, is usually employed in Chinese traditional medicine as treatment to cardiovascular ailments and cerebrovascular diseases. Intriguingly, the extract was also found to contain vast beneficial properties in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY Alzheimer's disease is the most significant type of neurodegenerative disorder plaguing societies globally. Its pathogenesis encompasses the hallmark aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ). Of all the Aβ oligomers formed in the brain, Aβ42 is the most toxic and aggressive. Despite this, the mechanism behind this disease remains elusive. In this study, DWE, and its major components, Salvianolic acid A (SalA) and Salvianolic acid B (SalB) were tested for their abilities to attenuate Aβ42's toxic effects. METHODS The composition of DWE was determined via Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). DWE, SalA and SalB were first verified for their capability to diminish Aβ42 fibrillation using an in vitro activity assay. Since Aβ42 aggregation results in neuronal degeneration, the potential Aβ42 inhibitors were next evaluated on Aβ42-exposed PC12 neuronal cells. The Drosophila melanogaster AD model was then employed to determine the effects of DWE, SalA and SalB. RESULTS DWE, SalA and SalB were shown to be able to reduce fibrillation of Aβ42. When tested on PC12 neuronal cells, DWE, SalA and SalB ameliorated cells from cell death associated with Aβ42 exposure. Next, DWE and its components were tested on the Drosophila melanogaster AD model and their rescue effects were further characterized. The UPLC analysis showed that SalA and SalB were present in the brains and bodies of Drosophila after DWE feeding. When human Aβ42 was expressed, the AD Drosophila exhibited degenerated eye structures known as the rough eye phenotype (REP), reduced lifespan and deteriorated locomotor ability. Administration of DWE, SalA and SalB partially reverted the REP, increased the age of AD Drosophila and improved most of the mobility of AD Drosophila. CONCLUSION Collectively, DWE and its components may have therapeutic potential for AD patients and possibly other forms of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Hui Ping Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | | | - Ban Guan Leow
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Nazalan Najimudin
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Nobumoto Watanabe
- USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Bioprobe Application Research Unit, RIKEN Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Japan.
| | - Ghows Azzam
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; USM-RIKEN International Centre for Ageing Science (URICAS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
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Chen YW, Huang YP, Wu PC, Chiang WY, Wang PH, Chen BY. The Functional Vision Protection Effect of Danshensu via Dopamine D1 Receptors: In Vivo Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030978. [PMID: 33803057 PMCID: PMC8002943 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Danshensu, a traditional herb-based active component (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), has garnered attention, due to its safety, nutritional value, and antioxidant effects, along with cardiovascular-protective and neuroprotective abilities; however, its effect on the retinal tissues and functional vision has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the protective effect of danshensu on retinal tissues and functional vision in vivo in a mouse model of light-induced retinal degeneration. High energy light-evoked visual damage was confirmed by the loss in structural tissue integrity in the retina accompanied by a decline in visual acuity and visual contrast sensitivity function (VCSF), whereas the retina tissue exhibited severe Müller cell gliosis. Although danshensu treatment did not particularly reduce light-evoked damage to the photoreceptors, it significantly prevented Müller cell gliosis. Danshensu exerted protective effects against light-evoked deterioration on low spatial frequency-based VCSF as determined by the behavioral optomotor reflex method. Additionally, the protective effect of danshensu on VCSF can be reversed and blocked by the injection of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (SCH 23390). This study demonstrated that the major functional vision promotional effect of danshensu in vivo was through the dopamine D1 receptors enhancement pathway, rather than the structural protection of the retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Yun-Ping Huang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Wei-Yu Chiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 88301, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (P.-C.W.); (W.-Y.C.)
| | - Ping-Hsun Wang
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Bo-Yie Chen
- Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-P.H.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022 (ext. 12319)
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Nutraceuticals in the Prevention of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia: A Comprehensive Review of their Neuroprotective Properties, Mechanisms of Action and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052524. [PMID: 33802413 PMCID: PMC7959318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (HI) is a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain due to birth asphyxia or reduced cerebral blood perfusion, and it often leads to lifelong limiting sequelae such as cerebral palsy, seizures, or mental retardation. HI remains one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, and current therapies are limited. Hypothermia has been successful in reducing mortality and some disabilities, but it is only applied to a subset of newborns that meet strict inclusion criteria. Given the unpredictable nature of the obstetric complications that contribute to neonatal HI, prophylactic treatments that prevent, rather than rescue, HI brain injury are emerging as a therapeutic alternative. Nutraceuticals are natural compounds present in the diet or used as dietary supplements that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or antiapoptotic properties. This review summarizes the preclinical in vivo studies, mostly conducted on rodent models, that have investigated the neuroprotective properties of nutraceuticals in preventing and reducing HI-induced brain damage and cognitive impairments. The natural products reviewed include polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, plant-derived compounds (tanshinones, sulforaphane, and capsaicin), and endogenous compounds (melatonin, carnitine, creatine, and lactate). These nutraceuticals were administered before the damage occurred, either to the mothers as a dietary supplement during pregnancy and/or lactation or to the pups prior to HI induction. To date, very few of these nutritional interventions have been investigated in humans, but we refer to those that have been successful in reducing ischemic stroke in adults. Overall, there is a robust body of preclinical evidence that supports the neuroprotective properties of nutraceuticals, and these may represent a safe and inexpensive nutritional strategy for the prevention of neonatal HI encephalopathy.
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Auxtero MD, Chalante S, Abade MR, Jorge R, Fernandes AI. Potential Herb-Drug Interactions in the Management of Age-Related Cognitive Dysfunction. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 33478035 PMCID: PMC7835864 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia represent a significant burden on healthcare systems and a unique challenge to medicine due to the currently limited treatment options. Plant phytochemicals have been considered in alternative, or complementary, prevention and treatment strategies. Herbals are consumed as such, or as food supplements, whose consumption has recently increased. However, these products are not exempt from adverse effects and pharmacological interactions, presenting a special risk in aged, polymedicated individuals. Understanding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions is warranted to avoid undesirable adverse drug reactions, which may result in unwanted side-effects or therapeutic failure. The present study reviews the potential interactions between selected bioactive compounds (170) used by seniors for cognitive enhancement and representative drugs of 10 pharmacotherapeutic classes commonly prescribed to the middle-aged adults, often multimorbid and polymedicated, to anticipate and prevent risks arising from their co-administration. A literature review was conducted to identify mutual targets affected (inhibition/induction/substrate), the frequency of which was taken as a measure of potential interaction. Although a limited number of drugs were studied, from this work, interaction with other drugs affecting the same targets may be anticipated and prevented, constituting a valuable tool for healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Auxtero
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Susana Chalante
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Mário R. Abade
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rui Jorge
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, Quinta do Galinheiro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, IPSantarém/IPLeiria, Avenida Dr. Mário Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
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Wang N, Dong X, Shi D, Li N, Zhang Q. Cryptotanshinone ameliorates placental oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with gestational diabetes mellitus. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:755-764. [PMID: 32601882 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a conditional diabetes which is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance or high blood glucose levels during any phase of pregnancy. It causes chronic severe damage to health of the pregnant women and their offspring. In this study, we aimed to study the protective effects of Cryptotanshinone on GDM-related impairments. We measured blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, biochemical indexes, oxidative stress, inflammation and the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in the blood and placenta of GDM mice. It is found that Cryptotanshinone significantly decreased blood glucose levels, oxidative stress, inflammation and NF-κB signaling with an increase of serum insulin levels in the placenta and blood of GDM mice. Taken together, Cryptotanshinone effectively ameliorated GDM, which suggested that Cryptotanshinone could be served as a promising therapeutic drug for GDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiujuan Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua Western Road, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Dermatological Department, Cangzhou People's Hospital, No. 7 Qingchi Avenue, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China
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Yang YY, Wu ZY, Zhang H, Yin SJ, Xia FB, Zhang Q, Wan JB, Gao JL, Yang FQ. LC-MS-based multivariate statistical analysis for the screening of potential thrombin/factor Xa inhibitors from Radix Salvia Miltiorrhiza. Chin Med 2020; 15:38. [PMID: 32351617 PMCID: PMC7183602 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The dry root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, or Danshen, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with anticoagulant activity. Taking into account that thrombin (THR) and factor Xa (FXa) play crucial roles in the coagulation cascade, it is reasonable and meaningful to screening THR and/or FXa inhibitors from Danshen. Methods Four extracts [butanol (BA), ethyl acetate (EA) and remained extract (RE) from 75% ethanol extract, and water extract (WE)] of Danshen were prepared, and their THR/FXa inhibitory activities were assessed in vitro. Then, the active EA extract was further separated by silica-gel column chromatography (SC), and its fractions (SC1–SC5) were analyzed by LC–MS. The principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) were employed for predicting the specific marker compounds. The chemical structures of targeted compounds were identified by LC–MS/MS and their interactions with THR/FXa were analyzed by the molecular docking analysis. Results Danshen EA extract showed strong activity against THR and FXa, and its fractions (SC1–SC5) exhibited obvious difference in inhibitory activity against these two enzymes. Furthermore, four marker compounds with potential THR/FXa inhibitory activity were screened by PCA and OPLS-DA, and were identified as cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, dihydrotanshinone I and tanshinone IIA. The molecular docking study showed that all these four tanshinones can interact with some key amino acid residues of the THR/FXa active cavities, such as HIS57 and SER195, which were considered to be promising candidates targeting THR and/or FXa with low binding energy (< − 7 kcal mol−1). Conclusions LC–MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis can effectively screen potential THR/FXa inhibitory components in Danshen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yao Yang
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Yu Wu
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Jun Yin
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Bo Xia
- 3State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- 3State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Li Gao
- 2Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331 People's Republic of China
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Zhou M, Hu N, Liu M, Deng Y, He L, Guo C, Zhao X, Li Y. A Candidate Drug for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review of Pharmacological Activities of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5462063. [PMID: 32382557 PMCID: PMC7193283 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5462063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a type of metabolic syndrome, continues to rise globally. Currently, there is no approved drug for its treatment. Improving lifestyle and exercise can alleviate symptoms, but patients' compliance is poor. More and more studies have shown the potential of Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) in the treatment of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this paper reviews the pharmacological effects of PMR and its main chemical components (tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside, emodin, and resveratrol) on NAFLD. PMR can inhibit the production of fatty acids and promote the decomposition of triglycerides, reduce inflammation, and inhibit the occurrence of liver fibrosis. At the same time, it maintains an oxidation equilibrium status in the body, to achieve the therapeutic purpose of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome. Although more standardized studies and clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy, PMR may be a potential drug for the treatment of NAFLD and its complications. However, the occurrence of adverse reactions of PMR has affected its extensive clinical application. Therefore, it is necessary to further study its toxicity mechanism, enhance efficacy and control toxicity, and even reduce toxicity, which will contribute to the safe clinical use of PMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Naihua Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ying Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Linfeng He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chaocheng Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
- National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
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21
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Lin HY, Han HW, Wang YS, He DL, Sun WX, Feng L, Wen ZL, Yang MK, Lu GH, Wang XM, Qi JL, Yang YH. Shikonin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen synergistically inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells through activating apoptosis signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Chin Med 2020; 15:23. [PMID: 32175001 PMCID: PMC7063777 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tamoxifen (TAM) is a cell type-specific anti-estrogen and is applied to improve the survival of patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer. However, long-term TAM use can induce serious drug resistance, leading to breast cancer recurrence and death in patients. Further, it is almost useless among patients with estrogen receptor negative (ER −) breast cancer. Shikonin (SK) is a natural product broadly explored in cancer therapy. Some studies have demonstrated the combined treatment of SK and clinical anticancer drugs including TAM on various tumors. However, the combined effect of SK and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) on ER- breast cancer is not known. The current study aimed to assess the combination effects of SK and 4-OHT on human breast cancer cells, MCF-7 (ER +) and MDA-MB-435S (ER −), in vitro and in vivo and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry were conducted to determine the cell viability and apoptotic profiles of human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435S) treated with SK, 4-OHT, and the combination. ROS and JC-1 assays were used to determine ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate proteins that are associated with apoptosis. Haematoxylin & Eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the tumor and kidney morphology of mice. TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect Ki67 expression level and cell apoptotic profile in tumor tissues. Results SK and 4-OHT synergistically inhibited MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435S cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing the intracellular ROS level. The combination of SK and 4-OHT activated the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and the death receptor pathways, significantly regulating the PI3K/AKT/Caspase 9 signaling pathway. Compared with SK and 4-OHT alone, the combination of SK and 4-OHT could better inhibit tumor growth in mice. Conclusion The combination of SK and 4-OHT shows highly efficient anticancer effects on breast cancer therapy. SK may be a promising candidate as an adjuvant to 4-OHT for breast cancer treatments, especially for ER- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Lin
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Han
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Song Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - De-Liu He
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xue Sun
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Feng
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ling Wen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Kai Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,3School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300 China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 People's Republic of China.,2Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhang LM, Zhen RR, Gu C, Zhang TL, Li Y, Jin M, Hu B, An HM. Chinese medicine Di-Huang-Yi-Zhi protects PC12 cells from H 2O 2-induced apoptosis by regulating ROS-ASK1-JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:54. [PMID: 32059723 PMCID: PMC7076825 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress mediates the nerve injury during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Protecting against oxidative stress damage is an important strategy to prevent and treat AD. Di-Huang-Yi-Zhi (DHYZ) is a Chinese medicine used for the treatment of AD, but its mechanism remains unknown. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of DHYZ on H2O2 induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells. Methods PC12 cells were treated with H2O2 and DHYZ. Cell proliferation was detected by Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cytotoxicity of H2O2 was measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Apoptosis were identified by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Caspase 3 activity was detected by commercial kit. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was 2′, 7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Protein expression and phosphorylation was identified by western blot. Results The results showed that DHYZ antagonized H2O2-mediated cytotoxicity and proliferation inhibition. DHYZ reduced ROS production, stabilize mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibit Caspase-3 activity and apoptosis induced by H2O2. In addition, DHYZ inhibited the phosphorylation of ASK1, JNK1/2/3 and p38 MAPK which were up-regulated by H2O2. Conclusions The present study suggested that DHYZ protected PC12 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage and was related to inhibition of ROS production and ASK1-JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. The present study provides experimental evidence for the application of DHYZ for the management of oxidative stress damage and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhen
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tian-Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Jin
- Department of Neurology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Hong-Mei An
- Department of Science & Technology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Wang Y, Duo D, Yan Y, He R, Wang S, Wang A, Wu X. Extract of Salvia przewalskii Repair Tissue Damage in Chronic Hypoxia Maybe through the RhoA-ROCK Signalling Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 43:432-439. [PMID: 31875579 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Salvia przewalskii Maxim is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is known to have antibacterial, antiviral, anti-oxidant, anti-thrombotic and anti-depressant properties. However, the major active components of S. przewalskii and its anti-hypoxic effects are still unclear. This study probed the major active component and anti-hypoxic activity of S. przewalskii. The major active components of S. przewalskii were detected by HPLC. The anti-hypoxic effects of S. przewalskii were detected in mice and a rat model of hypoxic preconditioning. The results showed that there are eight active components, including sodium danshensu, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, dihydrotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA, and each component showed a certain anti-hypoxic effect. Moreover, S. przewalskii enhanced anti-hypoxia in mice, which was manifested as prolonged survival time in acute hypoxic preconditioning and the amelioration of acute hypoxia-induced changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, S. przewalskii also repaired tissue damage in chronic hypoxia by downregulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, CDK4, CyclinD1 and P27Kip1 and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and the RhoA-Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signalling pathway. Our findings provide new insight into the anti-hypoxic effect of S. przewalskii as a promising agent for high-altitude pulmonary hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Delong Duo
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yingjun Yan
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Rongyue He
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Shengbiao Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Aixia Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Xinan Wu
- Department of pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
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24
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Management of oxidative stress and other pathologies in Alzheimer’s disease. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2491-2513. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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