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Bao J, Song Y, Hang M, Xu H, Li Q, Wang P, Chen T, Xia M, Shi Q, Wang Y, Wang X, Liang Q. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction suppresses inflammation and bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis mice. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:274-281. [PMID: 38706818 PMCID: PMC11064554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive arthritis, characterized by inflammatory infiltration and bone destruction. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) is traditional Chinese medicine, which has been applied in the treatment of RA in clinical. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of HGWD on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Methods DBA/1J female mice were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. HGWD was administered intragastrically once a day for four weeks starting on the 22nd day after the first immunization. The body weight, hind paw thickness and clinical score were measured every five days. Gait analysis, histopathological staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ultrasound imaging and micro-computed tomography imaging were performed to determine the effects of HGWD treatment on inflammation and bone structure in this model. Moreover, Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect inflammatory factors mRNA and protein levels after HGWD intervention in RAW 264.7 cells. Results HGWD attenuated symptoms of arthritis, suppressed inflammatory synovium area and the serum levels of inflammatory factors, inhibited joint space enlargement in the knee and ankle joints, reduced numbers of osteoclasts, protected bone destruction, as well as improved motor function. HGWD decreased the expression of mRNA for inflammatory factors and the protein expression levels of p-NF-кB and IL-17. Conclusion These results suggested that HGWD suppresses inflammation, attenuates bone erosion and maintains motor function in collagen-induced arthritis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Bao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongjia Song
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Minghui Hang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengxiong Xia
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Shi
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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He YX, Li YY, Wu YQ, Ren LZ, Wang Y, Wang YM, Yu Y. Huanglian Ganjiang decoction alleviates ulcerative colitis by restoring gut barrier via APOC1-JNK/P38 MAPK signal pathway based on proteomic analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116994. [PMID: 37541400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a kind of chronic intestinal inflammation accompanied with abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. Huanglian Ganjiang decoction (HGD) derived from "Beiji Qianjin Yao Fang" was used for UC patients clinically. However, the specific mechanism of HGD in treating UC remain unclear. AIM OF STUDY Our study devoted to demonstrating the therapeutic effect of HGD for colitis and clarifying the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-MS was carried out to identify the ingredients of HGD. UC mice were induced by giving 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution for one week and treated by HGD for another week. Body weight fluctuation, disease activity index (DAI), colon length and pathological change of colon tissues were observed to evaluate therapeutical effect of HGD. ELISA and qPCR were carried out to estimate the inflammatory state. Western blot, qPCR and immunofluorescence were used to access the expression of tight junction proteins. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-Based proteomics and network pharmacology was launched to screen and predict the potential targets and pathway regulated by HGD. RESULTS Based on the UPLC-MS/MS analysis, 100 components were identified in HGD. After 7-day treatment, HGD significantly alleviated colitis-associated symptoms including body weight loss, shorted colon, increase of DAI score, histopathologic lesions. HGD also reduced inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β levels, increased the number of goblet cells and restored tight junction proteins Occludin, Claudin-1 in colon. Network pharmacology study predicted that tight junction and MAPK pathway might be affected by HGD in colitis mice. APOC1 was screened out as key target in HGD-treated mice using TMT-based proteomics study. Further Western blot results showed that HGD reduced expressions of APOC1, p-P38 and p-JNK. CONCLUSION HGD improves general symptoms of colitis mice at medium and high doses, which may be associated with restoring tight junction and intestinal barrier integrity and function through suppression of APOC1-JNK/P38 MAPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xian He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Yang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ye-Qun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
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Li YY, He YX, Wu YQ, Liu C, Ren LZ, Lu XY, Wang YM, Yu Y. Compatibility between cold-natured medicine CP and hot-natured medicine AZ synergistically mitigates colitis mice through attenuating inflammation and restoring gut barrier. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115902. [PMID: 36395977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a nonspecific intestinal inflammation with complex pathogenesis. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula consists of several TCM herbs following the principle of herbal property and compatibility. Our previous studies found that Huanglian Ganjiang decoction (HGD) exhibited anti-colitis capacity and the compatibility between hot-natured medicine and cold-natured medicine was main compatibility. However, the association between compatibility mechanism of HGD and its anti-colitis effect has not been fully illustrated yet. AIM OF STUDY Here, we would explore whether cold-natured medicine Coptis chinensis Franch. plus Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid. (CP) and hot-natured medicine Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels plus Zingiber officinale Roscoe (AZ) in HGD respectively produce different impacts on UC, and exert synergistic effect on UC together. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC/MS-MS was used to qualitatively analyze chemical profiles of CP, AZ and CPAZ extracts. CPAZ-UC target network was constructed using network pharmacology. Colitis mice was induced by 3% DSS for 7 days and treated with CP, AZ and CPAZ for another 7 days. The levels of multiple cytokines and proportions of innate and adaptive immune cells were determined to assess inflammatory profiles. The leakage of FITC-dextran, expressions of tight junction proteins were detected for evaluation of gut barrier function. RESULTS CP, AZ and CPAZ could improve symptoms of colitis mice. CP showed superiority in reducing proportions of pro-inflammatory immune cells M1 cells, neutrophils, Th1 and Th17 cells, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α. In the contrast, AZ had advantage of elevating ratios of anti-inflammatory immune cells M2 and Treg cells as well as the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β. In addition, CP and AZ synergistically regulated M1/M2 macrophage polarization and the following IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ production, thereby restoring intestinal mucosal barrier. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study first demonstrated that cold-natured medicine CP and hot-natured medicine AZ took on different functions in treatment of colitis mice. Meanwhile, they exhibited synergistic effect on the alleviation of intestinal inflammation and reinforcement of gut barrier function and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yue-Xian He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ye-Qun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiang-Yi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Liu C, He YX, Zhang JN, Yang F, Wang SY, Hu JL, Yu Y. Angelica oil restores the intestinal barrier function by suppressing S100A8/A9 signalling in mice with ulcerative colitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154490. [PMID: 36332386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) progression is driven by the activation of immune cells that release pro-inflammatory mediators to disrupt intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Angelica oil (AO) on the intestinal epithelial barrier in mice with UC and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Improvement of the disease state and protective effect of AO on the intestinal epithelial barrier were observed in mice with dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS)-induced UC. Protein microarrays were used to screen AO-affected cytokine pools and their recruited immune cells for accumulation in the tissues. Furthermore, quantitative proteomics was applied to search for AO-acting molecules and to verify in vitro the functions of key molecules between inflammation and the intestinal mucosal barrier. RESULTS AO significantly alleviated intestinal inflammation, reduced intestinal permeability, and retained barrier function in mice with UC. Furthermore, cytokines inhibited by AO mainly promoted monocyte and neutrophil activation or chemotaxis. Moreover, proteomic screening revealed that S100A8/A9 was a key molecule significantly regulated by AO, and its mediated TLR4/NF-κB pathway was also inhibited. Finally, we verified that AO inhibited the activation of the S100A8/A9/TLR4 signalling pathway and enhanced the expression of tight junctions (TJs) proteins using a cellular model of intestinal barrier damage induced by S100A8/A9 or macrophage-derived medium. And the enhancement of TJs in intestinal epithelial cells and the inhibition of inflammatory signalling by AO were significantly attenuated due to the application of S100A8/A9 monoclonal antibody. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that AO improves intestinal mucosal barrier damage in the inflammatory environment of mice with UC by inhibiting the expression of S100A8/A9 and the activation of its downstream TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue-Xian He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia-Ning Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji-Liang Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
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Yuan S, Wang Q, Li J, Xue JC, Li Y, Meng H, Hou XT, Nan JX, Zhang QG. Inflammatory bowel disease: an overview of Chinese herbal medicine formula-based treatment. Chin Med 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 35717380 PMCID: PMC9206260 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the intestine, including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), whose etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully understood. Due to its prolonged course and chronic recurrence, IBD imposes a heavy economic burden and psychological stress on patients. Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine has unique advantages in IBD treatment because of its symptomatic treatment. However, the advantages of the Chinese Herbal Medicine Formula (CHMF) have rarely been discussed. In recent years, many scholars have conducted fundamental studies on CHMF to delay IBD from different perspectives and found that CHMF may help maintain intestinal integrity, reduce inflammation, and decrease oxidative stress, thus playing a positive role in the treatment of IBD. Therefore, this review focuses on the mechanisms associated with CHMF in IBD treatment. CHMF has apparent advantages. In addition to the exact composition and controlled quality of modern drugs, it also has multi-component and multi-target synergistic effects. CHMF has good prospects in the treatment of IBD, but its multi-agent composition and wide range of targets exacerbate the difficulty of studying its treatment of IBD. Future research on CHMF-related mechanisms is needed to achieve better efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China.,Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University College of Basic Medicine, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Chen Xue
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China.,Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University College of Basic Medicine, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - You Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Huan Meng
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Hou
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Qing-Gao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China. .,Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University College of Basic Medicine, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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Zhou C, Zhou H, Zhang F, Hao L, Guo J. Active Ingredients and Potential Mechanisms of the Gan Jiang-Huang Qin-Huang Lian-Ren Shen Decoction against Ulcerative Colitis: A Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1925718. [PMID: 34539797 PMCID: PMC8445727 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1925718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic and nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease, seriously affects the quality of patients' life. Han Re Bing Yong Fa (treating diseases with both cool- and warm-natured herbs) is a classical therapeutic principle of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is often used to treat chronic diseases, including UC. The Gan Jiang-Huang Qin-Huang Lian-Ren Shen decoction (GJHQHLRSD), a representative of Han Re Bing Yong Fa, is effective in alleviating inflammatory symptoms in UC. However, the pharmacological mechanism underlying its anti-inflammatory effect remains unclear. METHODS A network pharmacology strategy, including the construction and analysis of the drug-disease network, was used to explore the complex mechanism of GJHQHLRSD treatment of UC. In addition, molecular docking technology was used to preliminarily examine the binding ability of the potential active components and core therapeutic targets of GJHQHLRSD. RESULTS The network pharmacology results revealed 140 targets of GJHQHLRSD which are involved in UC. The PPI network analysis identified seven target genes: BCL2L1, NR3C1, ALOX5, S1PR5, NR1I2, CYP2D6, and LPAR6. The molecular docking results revealed that the following displayed strongest combined effects: EGFR with kaempferol, ERK1 with worenine, STAT3 with Palmidin A, BCL2L1 with diop and VEGFA with ginsenoside Rg3. The KEGG and gene ontology enrichment analyses results indicated that GJHQHLRSD functions by regulating the EGFR signaling pathway in UC treatment. Other effective biological processes involved in UC treatment included cancer-related as well as inflammation and viral infection signaling pathways, such as the "MicroRNAs in cancer," "TNF signaling pathway," and "JAK-STAT signaling pathway." CONCLUSIONS This study reflects the multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway characteristics of the action mechanism of GJHQHLRSD in treating UC. Furthermore, it helps better understand the TCM therapeutic principle of Han Re Bing Yong Fa and explore novel candidate drug targets for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhou
- Department of Proctology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Furong Zhang
- College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Liangliang Hao
- Department of Proctology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
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Yim SK, Kim SW, Lee ST. Efficient Stool Collection Methods for Evaluating the Diarrhea Score in Mouse Diarrhea Models. In Vivo 2021; 35:2115-2125. [PMID: 34182487 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The mouse diarrhea score is usually determined by evaluating stool consistency and shape. Thus, defecated stools should be collected without damage or contamination. The study aimed to develop improved mouse stool collection methods and diarrhea-scoring criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed improved stool collection methods (paper towel methods) and compared them with previously used ones (stool collection using regular cages containing bedding chips or filter paper and metabolic cages). RESULTS Compared to previously used methods, paper towel methods collected stools without bedding chips-induced contamination, mouse body/foot-induced damage, or sampling errors. When using paper towel methods, wet stools create water marks (diarrhea marks) on paper towels with strong water absorption capacity, by which diarrheal severity can be analyzed semi-quantitatively. To improve the objectivity in determining diarrhea scores, practical diarrhea-scoring criteria were also proposed. CONCLUSION These results would be helpful to researchers facing difficulties in evaluating the mouse diarrhea score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kyun Yim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Teik Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Liang G, Yang J, Liu T, Wang S, Wen Y, Han C, Huang Y, Wang R, Wang Y, Hu L, Wang G, Li F, Tyndall JDA, Deng L, Du D, Xia Q. A multi-strategy platform for quality control and Q-markers screen of Chaiqin chengqi decoction. PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 85:153525. [PMID: 33740732 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) has been proven clinically to be an effective treatment for AP for decades in West China Hospital. Quality control for CQCQD containing many hundreds of characteristic phytochemicals poses a challenge for developing robust quality assessment metrics. PURPOSE To evaluate quality consistency of CQCQD with a multi-strategy based analytical method, identify potential quality-markers (Q-markers) based on drug properties and effect characteristics, and endeavor to establish CQCQD as a globally-accepted medicine. METHODS A typical analysis of constitutive medicinal plant materials was performed following the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The extraction process was optimized through an orthogonal array (L9(34)) to evaluate three levels of liquid to solid ratio, soaking time, duration of extraction, and the number of extractions. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprinting combined with absolute quantitation of multi chemical marker compounds, coupled with similarity, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and principal component analyses (PCA) were performed to evaluate 10 batches of CQCQD. On the basis of systematic analysis of fundamental features of CQCQD in treating AP, the potential Q-marker screen was proposed through detection of quality transfer and efficacy for chemical markers. UHPLC coupled with quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry were used to determine compounds in medicinal materials, decoctions and plasma. Network pharmacology and taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate induced pancreatic acinar cell death were used to evaluate the correlation between chemical markers and anti-pancreatitis activity. A cerulein induced AP murine model was used to validate quality assessed CQCQD batches at clinically-equivalent dose. The effective content of chemical markers was predicted using linear regression analysis on quantitative information between validated batches and the other batches. RESULTS The chemical markers and other physical and chemical indices in the original materials met Chinese Pharmacopoeia standards. A total of 22 co-existing fingerprint peaks were selected and the similarity varied between 0.946 and 0.990. Batch D10 possessed the highest similarity index. HCA classified the 10 batches into 2 main groups: 7 batches represented by D10 and 3 batches represented by D1. During the initial Q-marker screen stage, 22 compounds were detected in both plant materials and decoctions, while 13 compounds were identified in plasma. Network pharmacology predicted the potential targets and pathway of AP related to the 22 compounds. All 10 batches showed reduced necrosis below 60% with the best effect achieved by D10 (~40%). The spectrum-efficacy relationship analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis indicated that emodin, rhein, aloe emodin, geniposide, hesperridin, chrysin, syringin, synephrine, geniposidic acid, magnolol, physcion, sinensetin, and baicalein showed positive correlation with pancreatic acinar cell death protection. Similar to the in vitro evaluation, batch D10 significantly reduced total histopathological scores and biochemical severity indices at a clinically-equivalent dose but batch D1 did not. The content of naringin, narirutin and baicalin in batches D1, D5 and D9 consistently exceeds the upper limit of the predicted value. Eight markers whose lower limit is predicted to be close to 0 contributed less to the material basis for AP protection. CONCLUSION Despite qualified materials used for CQCQD preparation, the clinical effect depends on appropriate content range of Q-markers. Emodin, rhein, aloe emodin, magnolol, hesperidin, synephrine, baicalein, and geniposide are considered as vital Q-markers in the primary screen. This study proposed a feasible platform for producing highly consistent batches of CQCQD in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Liang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shisheng Wang
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongjian Wen
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenxia Han
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of metabolomics and drug-induced liver injury, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Joel D A Tyndall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dan Du
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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