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Hosseini K, Fallahi J, Razban V, Sirat RZ, Varasteh M, Tarhriz V. Overview of clinical, molecular, and therapeutic features of Niemann-Pick disease (types A, B, and C): Focus on therapeutic approaches. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4028. [PMID: 38715125 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease (NPD) is another type of metabolic disorder that is classified as lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs). The main cause of the disease is mutation in the SMPD1 (type A and B) or NPC1 or NPC2 (type C) genes, which lead to the accumulation of lipid substrates in the lysosomes of the liver, brain, spleen, lung, and bone marrow cells. This is followed by multiple cell damage, dysfunction of lysosomes, and finally dysfunction of body organs. So far, about 346, 575, and 30 mutations have been reported in SMPD1, NPC1, and NPC2 genes, respectively. Depending on the type of mutation and the clinical symptoms of the disease, the treatment will be different. The general aim of the current study is to review the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with NPD and study various treatment methods for this disease with a focus on gene therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jafar Fallahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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2
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Ten-Blanco M, Flores Á, Cristino L, Pereda-Pérez I, Berrendero F. Targeting the orexin/hypocretin system for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases: from animal to clinical studies. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 69:101066. [PMID: 37015302 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Orexins (also known as hypocretins) are neuropeptides located exclusively in hypothalamic neurons that have extensive projections throughout the central nervous system and bind two different G protein-coupled receptors (OX1R and OX2R). Since its discovery in 1998, the orexin system has gained the interest of the scientific community as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of different pathological conditions. Considering previous basic science research, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, suvorexant, was the first orexin agent to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat insomnia. In this review, we discuss and update the main preclinical and human studies involving the orexin system with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. This system constitutes a nice example of how basic scientific research driven by curiosity can be the best route to the generation of new and powerful pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ten-Blanco
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - África Flores
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Inmaculada Pereda-Pérez
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Berrendero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Li N, Hou Y, Jiao L, Yuan Y, Wang L, Huang Z, Han F, Li H, Zhan S. Central sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness in Niemann-Pick type C disease: a report of 2 cases. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:409-414. [PMID: 36199263 PMCID: PMC9892737 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease in which sphingomyelin and cholesterol are deposited in various organs of the body. The clinical manifestations of NPC include neurologic symptoms and cataplexy; other symptoms related to sleep have seldom been reported. One previous study described various sleep disorders including chronic insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, thus suggesting that sleep disorders in patients with NPC are more prevalent than previously thought and warrant close attention. Here, we describe sleep disorders in 2 patients with NPC and discuss the clinical characteristics and, for the first time, discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying sleep disorders in such patients. CITATION Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Li N, et al. Central sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness in Niemann-Pick type C disease: a report of 2 cases. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(2):409-414.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Zhang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyang Cheng
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Jiao
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Huang
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Han
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqin Zhan
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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4
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Pizza F, Barateau L, Dauvilliers Y, Plazzi G. The orexin story, sleep and sleep disturbances. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13665. [PMID: 35698789 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The orexins, also known as hypocretins, are two neuropeptides (orexin A and B or hypocretin 1 and 2) produced by a few thousand neurons located in the lateral hypothalamus that were independently discovered by two research groups in 1998. Those two peptides bind two receptors (orexin/hypocretin receptor 1 and receptor 2) that are widely distributed in the brain and involved in the central physiological regulation of sleep and wakefulness, orexin receptor 2 having the major role in the maintenance of arousal. They are also implicated in a multiplicity of other functions, such as reward seeking, energy balance, autonomic regulation and emotional behaviours. The destruction of orexin neurons is responsible for the sleep disorder narcolepsy with cataplexy (type 1) in humans, and a defect of orexin signalling also causes a narcoleptic phenotype in several animal species. Orexin discovery is unprecedented in the history of sleep research, and pharmacological manipulations of orexin may have multiple therapeutic applications. Several orexin receptor antagonists were recently developed as new drugs for insomnia, and orexin agonists may be the next-generation drugs for narcolepsy. Given the broad range of functions of the orexin system, these drugs might also be beneficial for treating various conditions other than sleep disorders in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pizza
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucie Barateau
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia, and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia, and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe Plazzi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Leppmeier V, Veit S, Demund S, Makowski C, Kluger G. "Weak with Laughter"-Cataplexy as a Hint for Early Diagnosis of Niemann-Pick Type C? Neuropediatrics 2022; 53:146. [PMID: 34852376 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Leppmeier
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Sybille Veit
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Simone Demund
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | | | - Gerhard Kluger
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany
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