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Fredwall S, AlSayed M, Ben-Omran T, Boero S, Cormier-Daire V, Fauroux B, Guillén-Navarro E, Innig F, Kunkel P, Lampe C, Maghnie M, Mohnike K, Mortier G, Pejin Z, Sessa M, Sousa SB, Irving M. European Achondroplasia Forum Practical Considerations for Following Adults with Achondroplasia. Adv Ther 2024; 41:2545-2558. [PMID: 38748332 PMCID: PMC11213767 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Achondroplasia is a lifelong condition requiring lifelong management. There is consensus that infants and children with achondroplasia should be managed by a multidisciplinary team experienced in the condition. However, many people are lost to follow-up after the transition from paediatric to adult care, and there is no standardised approach for management in adults, despite the recent availability of international consensus guidelines. To address this, the European Achondroplasia Forum has developed a patient-held checklist to support adults with achondroplasia in managing their health. The checklist highlights key symptoms of spinal stenosis and obstructive sleep apnoea, both among the most frequent and potentially severe medical complications in adults with achondroplasia. The checklist acts as a framework to support individuals and their primary care provider in completing a routine review. General advice on issues such as blood pressure, pain, hearing, weight, adaptive aids, and psychosocial aspects are also included. The checklist provides key symptoms to be aware of, in addition to action points so that people can approach their primary care provider and be directed to the appropriate specialist, if needed. Additionally, the European Achondroplasia Forum offers some ideas on implementing the checklist during the transition from paediatric to adult care, thus ensuring the existing multidisciplinary team model in place during childhood can support in engaging individuals and empowering them to take responsibility for their own care as they move into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svein Fredwall
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, TRS National Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Nesodden, Norway.
| | - Moeenaldeen AlSayed
- Department of Medical Genomics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfeg Ben-Omran
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Sidra Medicine and Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Brigitte Fauroux
- Necker University Hospital and Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- Medical Genetics Division and Pediatrics Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- CIBERER-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Philip Kunkel
- University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Lampe
- Clinic of Child and Youth Medicine, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohamad Maghnie
- Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Klaus Mohnike
- Children's Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Geert Mortier
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marco Sessa
- Italian Association on Achondroplasia, Milan, Italy
| | - Sérgio B Sousa
- Medical Genetics Department, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- ERN-BOND, Bologna, Italy
| | - Melita Irving
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Seiersen KV, Henriksen TB, Andelius TCK, Andreasen L, Diemer T, Gudmundsdottir G, Vogel I, Gjørup V, Gregersen PA. Combined achondroplasia and short stature homeobox-containing (SHOX) gene deletion in a Danish infant. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 67:104894. [PMID: 38070826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Short stature or shortening of the limbs can be the result of a variety of genetic variants. Achondroplasia is the most common cause of disproportionate short stature and is caused by pathogenic variants in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3). Short stature homeobox (SHOX) deficiency is caused by loss or defects of the SHOX gene or its enhancer region. It is associated with a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from normal stature to Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis characterized by mesomelia and short stature or the more severe Langer mesomelic dysplasia in case of biallelic SHOX deficiency. Little is known about the interactions and phenotypic consequences of achondroplasia in combination with SHOX deficiency, as the literature on this subject is scarce, and no genetically confirmed clinical reports exist. We present the clinical findings in an infant girl with concurrent achondroplasia and SHOX deficiency. We conclude that the clinical findings in infancy are phenotypically compatible with achondroplasia, with no features of the SHOX deficiency evident. This may change over time, as some features of SHOX deficiency only become evident later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper V Seiersen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Tine B Henriksen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ted C K Andelius
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lotte Andreasen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tue Diemer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Ida Vogel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Center for Fetal Diagnostics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibike Gjørup
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pernille A Gregersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; Centre for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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