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Zampatti S, Peconi C, Megalizzi D, Calvino G, Trastulli G, Cascella R, Strafella C, Caltagirone C, Giardina E. Innovations in Medicine: Exploring ChatGPT's Impact on Rare Disorder Management. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:421. [PMID: 38674356 PMCID: PMC11050022 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the field of medicine, announcing a new era of innovation and efficiency. Among AI programs designed for general use, ChatGPT holds a prominent position, using an innovative language model developed by OpenAI. Thanks to the use of deep learning techniques, ChatGPT stands out as an exceptionally viable tool, renowned for generating human-like responses to queries. Various medical specialties, including rheumatology, oncology, psychiatry, internal medicine, and ophthalmology, have been explored for ChatGPT integration, with pilot studies and trials revealing each field's potential benefits and challenges. However, the field of genetics and genetic counseling, as well as that of rare disorders, represents an area suitable for exploration, with its complex datasets and the need for personalized patient care. In this review, we synthesize the wide range of potential applications for ChatGPT in the medical field, highlighting its benefits and limitations. We pay special attention to rare and genetic disorders, aiming to shed light on the future roles of AI-driven chatbots in healthcare. Our goal is to pave the way for a healthcare system that is more knowledgeable, efficient, and centered around patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zampatti
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | - Cristina Peconi
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | - Domenica Megalizzi
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Calvino
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Trastulli
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Cascella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | - Claudia Strafella
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emiliano Giardina
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory UILDM, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.Z.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Chiariello M, Inzalaco G, Barone V, Gherardini L. Overcoming challenges in glioblastoma treatment: targeting infiltrating cancer cells and harnessing the tumor microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1327621. [PMID: 38188666 PMCID: PMC10767996 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1327621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Despite current treatment approaches, including surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), GB remains mostly incurable due to its invasive growth pattern, limited drug penetration beyond the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and resistance to conventional therapies. One of the main challenges in GB treatment is effectively eliminating infiltrating cancer cells that remain in the brain parenchyma after primary tumor resection. We've reviewed the most recent challenges and surveyed the potential strategies aimed at enhancing local treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Chiariello
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
- Core Research Laboratory (CRL), Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Inzalaco
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
- Core Research Laboratory (CRL), Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Virginia Barone
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lisa Gherardini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
- Core Research Laboratory (CRL), Istituto per lo Studio, la Prevenzione e la Rete Oncologica (ISPRO), Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy
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