1
|
Wu Y, Wang F, Shi J, Guo X, Li F. CircSMAD2 accelerates endometrial cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the miR-1277-5p/MFGE8 axis. J Gynecol Oncol 2023; 34:e19. [PMID: 36659830 PMCID: PMC9995867 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2023.34.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignant tumor. CircRNAs play crucial roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the biological functions of circRNAs in EC remain largely unknown. METHODS CircSMAD2, miR-1277-5p, MFGE8 and relative maker protein expression in EC tissues or cell lines were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. In vitro and in vivo functional assays, including EDU, CCK8, colony formation, transwell, tube formation and tumor xenograft assays, were conduct to explore the effects of circSMAD2 on EC. Mechanism assays were conducted to confirm the binding between miR-1277-5p and circSMAD2 or MFGE8 expression. RESULTS Upregulation of circSMAD2 was uncovered in both EC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, silencing of circSMAD2 apparently inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis of EC cell lines in vitro. Mechanistically, circSMAD2 sponged miR-1277-5p to upregulate MFGE8 expression. The decrease of miR-1277-5p and increase of MFGE8 were observed both in EC tissues and cell lines. Then MFGE8 knockdown or miR-1277-5p upregulation suppressed EC cell oncogenic biological behavior. Rescue experiments showed that miR-1277-5p mimics countervailed the anticancer effects of circSMAD2 silencing on EC. Besides that, MFGE8 overexpression also attenuated the inhibitory action of miR-1277-5p mimic in EC. Moreover, knockdown of circSMAD2 inhibited EC growth in vivo. CONCLUSION CircSMAD2 functions as an oncogene in promoting the progression of EC through miR-1277-5p/MFGE8 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fuhua Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ju M, Kim D, Son G, Han J. Circular RNAs in and out of Cells: Therapeutic Usages of Circular RNAs. Mol Cells 2023; 46:33-40. [PMID: 36697235 PMCID: PMC9880607 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RNAs are versatile molecules that are primarily involved in gene regulation and can thus be widely used to advance the fields of therapeutics and diagnostics. In particular, circular RNAs which are highly stable, have emerged as strong candidates for use on next-generation therapeutic platforms. Endogenous circular RNAs control gene regulatory networks by interacting with other biomolecules or through translation into polypeptides. Circular RNAs exhibit cell-type specific expression patterns, which can be altered in tissues and body fluids depending on pathophysiological conditions. Circular RNAs that are aberrantly expressed in diseases can function as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Moreover, exogenous circular RNAs synthesized in vitro can be introduced into cells as therapeutic molecules to modulate gene expression networks in vivo. Depending on the purpose, synthetic circular RNA sequences can either be identical to endogenous circular RNA sequences or artificially designed. In this review, we introduce the life cycle and known functions of intracellular circular RNAs. The current stage of endogenous circular RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is also described. Finally, approaches and considerations that are important for applying the available knowledge on endogenous circular RNAs to design exogenous circular RNAs for therapeutic purposes are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Dayeon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Geurim Son
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jinju Han
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- BioMedical Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu Y, Sun H. The molecular mechanism of circRHOBTB3 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer by serving as the ceRNA of miR-23a-3p. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:66. [PMID: 35650643 PMCID: PMC9158168 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00979-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising evidences bespeak that circular RNAs are indispensable in regulating cellular biological behaviors and engaging in diseases' occurrence. CircRHOBTB3 has been reported to participate intimately in the progression of some cancers. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which circRHOBTB3 regulates tumorigenesis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains ill-defined. The present study determined the expression pattern and bio-effects of circRHOBTB3 in EOC. Furthermore, it revealed that circRHOBTB3 could serve as the ceRNA of miR‑23a-3p to facilitate PTEN expression, suppress proliferation, G1/S transition, invasion, and promote apoptosis in EOC. Summarily, our findings provided a primary research foundation that circRHOBTB3 might be typified as a neoteric biomarker and a promising target of EOC, which is essential for improving the early diagnosis and precision treatment, so as to cut down EOC's mortality finally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Fu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen C, Yu H, Han F, Lai X, Ye K, Lei S, Mai M, Lai M, Zhang H. Tumor-suppressive circRHOBTB3 is excreted out of cells via exosome to sustain colorectal cancer cell fitness. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:46. [PMID: 35148775 PMCID: PMC8832727 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims To clarify the biological roles, circularization process and secretion pathway of circRHOBTB3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. Methods We performed a comprehensive analysis of circRNA levels in serum exosomes from multiple types of cancer patients in public databases and verified the higher level of circRHOBTB3 in CRC sera versus healthy donors by RT-qPCR. Then, the function of circRHOBTB3 in CRC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq and RNA pull-down assays together with mass spectrometry identified the downstream signals and the binding proteins of circRHOBTB3. Finally, Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were designed to target circularization and secretion elements of circRHOBTB3 for CRC therapy. Results circRHOBTB3 levels were increased in the sera but was downregulated in tissue samples in CRC, and the downregulation was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, circRHOBTB3 acts a tumor-suppressive circRNA by repressing metabolic pathways, intracellular ROS production in CRC. Several key elements were discovered to regulate circRHOBTB3 circularization and exosomal secretion. Moreover, SNF8 was identified that sorts circRHOBTB3 into exosomes. Interestingly, we found that CRC cells could actively secrete more circRHOBTB3 than normal cells. According to the sequence of regulatory elements for circularization and exosomal secretion, we designed and synthesized ASOs, which increased circRHOBTB3 expression and blocked circRHOBTB3 exosomal secretion. More importantly, ASOs could inhibit CRC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions circRHOBTB3 plays a tumor-suppressive role in CRC and has to be excreted out of cells to sustain cancer cell fitness. ASOs targeting regulatory elements for circularization and exosomal secretion will become a novel antitumor strategy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01511-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongfei Yu
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengyan Han
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuan Lai
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kehong Ye
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Siqin Lei
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minglang Mai
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Maode Lai
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|