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Brakta S, Du Q, Chorich LP, Hawkins ZA, Sullivan ME, Ko EK, Kim HG, Knight J, Taylor HS, Friez M, Phillips JA, Layman LC. Heterozygous ZNHIT3 variants within the 17q12 recurrent deletion region are associated with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 589:112237. [PMID: 38599276 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The molecular basis of mullerian aplasia, also known as Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster Hauser (MRKH) or congenital absence of the uterus and vagina, is largely unknown. We applied a multifaceted genetic approach to studying the pathogenesis of MRKH including exome sequencing of trios and duos, genome sequencing of families, qPCR, RT-PCR, and Sanger sequencing to detect intragenic deletions, insertions, splice variants, single nucleotide variants, and rearrangements in 132 persons with MRKH. We identified two heterozygous variants in ZNHIT3 localized to a commonly involved CNV region at chromosome 17q12 in two different families with MRKH. One is a frameshift, truncating variant that is predicted to interfere with steroid hormone binding of the LxxLL sequence of the C-terminal region. The second variant is a double missense/stopgain variant. Both variants impair protein expression in vitro. In addition, four more probands with MRKH harbored the stopgain variant without the nearby missense variant. In total, 6/132 (4.5%) of patients studied, including five with associated anomalies (type 2 MRKH), had ZNHIT3 variants that impair function in vitro. Our findings implicate ZNHIT3 as an important gene associated with MRKH within the 17q12 CNV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Brakta
- Section of Reproductive Endocrine, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Quansheng Du
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lynn P Chorich
- Section of Reproductive Endocrine, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zoe A Hawkins
- Section of Reproductive Endocrine, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Eun Kyung Ko
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - James Knight
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - John A Phillips
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lawrence C Layman
- Section of Reproductive Endocrine, Infertility, & Genetics, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Herlin MK. Genetics of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: advancements and implications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1368990. [PMID: 38699388 PMCID: PMC11063329 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1368990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital anomaly characterized by agenesis/aplasia of the uterus and upper part of the vagina in females with normal external genitalia and a normal female karyotype (46,XX). Patients typically present during adolescence with complaints of primary amenorrhea where the diagnosis is established with significant implications including absolute infertility. Most often cases appear isolated with no family history of MRKH syndrome or related anomalies. However, cumulative reports of familial recurrence suggest genetic factors to be involved. Early candidate gene studies had limited success in their search for genetic causes of MRKH syndrome. More recently, genomic investigations using chromosomal microarray and genome-wide sequencing have been successful in detecting promising genetic variants associated with MRKH syndrome, including 17q12 (LHX1, HNF1B) and 16p11.2 (TBX6) deletions and sequence variations in GREB1L and PAX8, pointing towards a heterogeneous etiology with various genes involved. With uterus transplantation as an emerging fertility treatment in MRKH syndrome and increasing evidence for genetic etiologies, the need for genetic counseling concerning the recurrence risk in offspring will likely increase. This review presents the advancements in MRKH syndrome genetics from early familial occurrences and candidate gene searches to current genomic studies. Moreover, the review provides suggestions for future genetic investigations and discusses potential implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Krogh Herlin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Dube R, Kar SS, Jhancy M, George BT. Molecular Basis of Müllerian Agenesis Causing Congenital Uterine Factor Infertility-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:120. [PMID: 38203291 PMCID: PMC10778982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects around 1 in 5 couples in the world. Congenital absence of the uterus results in absolute infertility in females. Müllerian agenesis is the nondevelopment of the uterus. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a condition of uterovaginal agenesis in the presence of normal ovaries and the 46 XX Karyotype. With advancements in reproductive techniques, women with MA having biological offspring is possible. The exact etiology of MA is unknown, although several genes and mechanisms affect the development of Müllerian ducts. Through this systematic review of the available literature, we searched for the genetic basis of MA. The aims included identification of the genes, chromosomal locations, changes responsible for MA, and fertility options, in order to offer proper management and counseling to these women with MA. A total of 85 studies were identified through searches. Most of the studies identified multiple genes at various locations, although the commonest involved chromosomes 1, 17, and 22. There is also conflicting evidence of the involvement of various candidate genes in the studies. The etiology of MA seems to be multifactorial and complex, involving multiple genes and mechanisms including various mutations and mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Dube
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Subhranshu Sekhar Kar
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates; (S.S.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Malay Jhancy
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates; (S.S.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Biji Thomas George
- Department of General Surgery, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates;
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Identification of Genetic Causes in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9070961. [PMID: 35883945 PMCID: PMC9322756 DOI: 10.3390/children9070961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital condition characterizing females with absence of the uterus and part of the vagina. Several genetic defects have been correlated with the presence of MRKH; however, the exact etiology is still unknown due to the complexity of the genetic pathways implicated during the embryogenetic development of the Müllerian ducts. A systematic review (SR) of the literature was conducted to investigate the genetic causes associated with MRKH syndrome and Congenital Uterine Anomalies (CUAs). This study aimed to identify the most affected chromosomal areas and genes along with their associated clinical features in order to aid clinicians in distinguishing and identifying the possible genetic cause in each patient offering better genetic counseling. We identified 76 studies describing multiple genetic defects potentially contributing to the pathogenetic mechanism of MRKH syndrome. The most reported chromosomal regions and the possible genes implicated were: 1q21.1 (RBM8A gene), 1p31-1p35 (WNT4 gene), 7p15.3 (HOXA gene), 16p11 (TBX6 gene), 17q12 (LHX1 and HNF1B genes), 22q11.21, and Xp22. Although the etiology of MRKH syndrome is complex, associated clinical features can aid in the identification of a specific genetic defect.
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Construction of Copy Number Variation Map Identifies Small Regions of Overlap and Candidate Genes for Atypical Female Genitalia Development. REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reprodmed3020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) have been implicated in various conditions of differences of sexual development (DSD). Generally, larger genomic aberrations are more often considered disease-causing or clinically relevant, but over time, smaller CNVs have been associated with various forms of DSD. The main objective of this study is to identify small CNVs and the smallest regions of overlap (SROs) in patients with atypical female genitalia (AFG) and build a CNV map of AFG. We queried the DECIPHER database for recurrent duplications and/or deletions detected across the genome of AFG individuals. From these data, we constructed a chromosome map consisting of SROs and investigated such regions for genes that may be associated with the development of atypical female genitalia. Our study identified 180 unique SROs (7.95 kb to 45.34 Mb) distributed among 22 chromosomes. The most SROs were found in chromosomes X, 17, 11, and 22. None were found in chromosome 3. From these SROs, we identified 22 genes as potential candidates. Although none of these genes are currently associated with AFG, a literature review indicated that almost half were potentially involved in the development and/or function of the reproductive system, and only one gene was associated with a disorder that reported an individual patient with ambiguous genitalia. Our data regarding novel SROs requires further functional investigation to determine the role of the identified candidate genes in the development of atypical female genitalia, and this paper should serve as a catalyst for downstream molecular studies that may eventually affect the genetic counseling, diagnosis, and management of these DSD patients.
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DEMİR EKŞİ D, YILMAZ E, AKIN Y, USTA MF, BAŞAR MM, KAHRAMAN S, ERMAN M, ALPER ÖM. Copy Number Variation Analysis in Turkish Patients with Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas Deferens. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2021. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.966940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Santana González L, Artibani M, Ahmed AA. Studying Müllerian duct anomalies - from cataloguing phenotypes to discovering causation. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:269240. [PMID: 34160006 PMCID: PMC8246269 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) are developmental disorders of the Müllerian duct, the embryonic anlage of most of the female reproductive tract. The prevalence of MDAs is 6.7% in the general female population and 16.7% in women who exhibit recurrent miscarriages. Individuals affected by these anomalies suffer from high rates of infertility, first-trimester pregnancy losses, premature labour, placental retention, foetal growth retardation and foetal malpresentations. The aetiology of MDAs is complex and heterogeneous, displaying a range of clinical pictures that generally lack a direct genotype-phenotype correlation. De novo and familial cases sharing the same genomic lesions have been reported. The familial cases follow an autosomal-dominant inheritance, with reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. Furthermore, few genetic factors and molecular pathways underpinning Müllerian development and dysregulations causing MDAs have been identified. The current knowledge in this field predominantly derives from loss-of-function experiments in mouse and chicken models, as well as from human genetic association studies using traditional approaches, such as microarrays and Sanger sequencing, limiting the discovery of causal factors to few genetic entities from the coding genome. In this Review, we summarise the current state of the field, discuss limitations in the number of studies and patient samples that have stalled progress, and review how the development of new technologies provides a unique opportunity to overcome these limitations. Furthermore, we discuss how these new technologies can improve functional validation of potential causative alterations in MDAs. Summary: Here, we review the current knowledge about Müllerian duct anomalies in the context of new high-throughput technologies and model systems and their implications in the prevention of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Santana González
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mara Artibani
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.,Gene Regulatory Networks in Development and Disease Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.,Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Laseca N, Anaya G, Peña Z, Pirosanto Y, Molina A, Demyda Peyrás S. Impaired Reproductive Function in Equines: From Genetics to Genomics. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:393. [PMID: 33546520 PMCID: PMC7913728 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertility is one of the key factors in the economic and productive success of the equine industry. Despite this, studies on the genetic causes affecting reproductive performance are scarce, especially in mares, where the genetic architecture of the reproductive traits is extremely complex. Today, with the increasing availability of new genomic methodologies for this species, we are presented with an interesting opportunity to understand the genetic basis of equine reproductive disorders. These include, among others, novel techniques for detecting chromosomal abnormalities, whose association with infertility in horses was established over 50 years ago; new sequencing technologies permitting an accurate detection of point mutations influencing fertility, as well as the study of inbreeding and molecular homozygosity, which has been widely suggested as one of the main causes of low reproductive performance in horses. Finally, over the last few years, reproductive performance has also been associated with copy number variants and candidate genes detected by genome-wide association studies on fertility traits. However, such studies are still scarce, probably because they depend on the existence of large and accurate phenotypic datasets of reproductive and/or fertility traits, which are still difficult to obtain in equines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Laseca
- Departamento de genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales Ctra, Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.L.); (G.A.); (Z.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Gabriel Anaya
- Departamento de genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales Ctra, Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.L.); (G.A.); (Z.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Zahira Peña
- Departamento de genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales Ctra, Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.L.); (G.A.); (Z.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Yamila Pirosanto
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina;
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), CCT-La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Antonio Molina
- Departamento de genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales Ctra, Madrid-Cádiz, km 396, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (N.L.); (G.A.); (Z.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Sebastián Demyda Peyrás
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina;
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), CCT-La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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Hentrich T, Koch A, Weber N, Kilzheimer A, Maia A, Burkhardt S, Rall K, Casadei N, Kohlbacher O, Riess O, Schulze-Hentrich JM, Brucker SY. The Endometrial Transcription Landscape of MRKH Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:572281. [PMID: 33072755 PMCID: PMC7542331 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.572281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome (OMIM 277000) is characterized by agenesis of the uterus and upper part of the vagina in females with normal ovarian function. While genetic causes have been identified for a small subset of patients and epigenetic mechanisms presumably contribute to the pathogenic unfolding, too, the etiology of the syndrome has remained largely enigmatic. A comprehensive understanding of gene activity in the context of the disease is crucial to identify etiological components and their potential interplay. So far, this understanding is lacking, primarily due to the scarcity of samples and suitable tissue. In order to close this gap, we profiled endometrial tissue of uterus rudiments in a large cohort of MRKH patients using RNA-seq and thereby provide a genome-wide view on the altered transcription landscape of the MRKH syndrome. Differential and co-expression analyses of the data identified cellular processes and candidate genes that converge on a core network of interconnected regulators that emerge as pivotal for the perturbed expression space. With these results and browsable access to the rich data through an online tool we seek to accelerate research to unravel the underlying biology of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hentrich
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - André Koch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nico Weber
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Kilzheimer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana Maia
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Burkhardt
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Rall
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen (NCCT), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Biomolecular Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen (NCCT), Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Sara Yvonne Brucker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NGS Competence Center Tübingen (NCCT), Tübingen, Germany
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Herlin MK, Petersen MB, Brännström M. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome: a comprehensive update. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:214. [PMID: 32819397 PMCID: PMC7439721 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, also referred to as Müllerian aplasia, is a congenital disorder characterized by aplasia of the uterus and upper part of the vagina in females with normal secondary sex characteristics and a normal female karyotype (46,XX). MAIN BODY The diagnosis is often made during adolescence following investigations for primary amenorrhea and has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 5000 live female births. MRKH syndrome is classified as type I (isolated uterovaginal aplasia) or type II (associated with extragenital manifestations). Extragenital anomalies typically include renal, skeletal, ear, or cardiac malformations. The etiology of MRKH syndrome still remains elusive, however increasing reports of familial clustering point towards genetic causes and the use of various genomic techniques has allowed the identification of promising recurrent genetic abnormalities in some patients. The psychosexual impact of having MRKH syndrome should not be underestimated and the clinical care foremost involves thorough counselling and support in careful dialogue with the patient. Vaginal agenesis therapy is available for mature patients following therapeutical counselling and education with non-invasive vaginal dilations recommended as first-line therapy or by surgery. MRKH syndrome involves absolute uterine factor infertility and until recently, the only option for the patients to achieve biological motherhood was through gestational surrogacy, which is prohibited in most countries. However, the successful clinical trial of uterus transplantation (UTx) by a Swedish team followed by the first live-birth in September, 2014 in Gothenburg, proofed the first available fertility treatment in MRKH syndrome and UTx is now being performed in other countries around the world allowing women with MRKH syndrome to carry their own child and achieve biological motherhood. CONCLUSION Several advances in research across multiple disciplines have been made in the recent years and this kaleidoscopic review provides a current status of various key aspects in MRKH syndrome and provides perspectives for future research and improved clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Krogh Herlin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21C, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Michael Bjørn Petersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chu C, Li L, Lu D, Duan AH, Luo LJ, Li S, Yin C. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified a TBX6 Loss of Function Mutation in a Patient with Distal Vaginal Atresia. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2019; 32:550-554. [PMID: 31233831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if there are any genetic changes with whole-exome sequencing associated with distal vaginal atresia. DESIGN This was a retrospective genetics study of 5 patients who presented with distal vaginal atresia who were recruited between 2017 and 2018. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in each subject with distal vaginal atresia. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the potential causative genetic mutation. SETTING Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measure was the rare mutations potentially associated with distal vaginal atresia in 5 patients. RESULTS A truncating mutation c.266delC (p.P89Rfs*5) in the T-box transcription factor 6 (TBX6) gene, which is highly expressed in the human vagina, was identified in 1 patient using whole-exome sequencing. The deletion of the 16p11.2 region containing the TBX6 locus has also been reported previously to have the clinical feature of Müllerian agenesis. This mutation was paternally inherited by the patient. This truncating mutation was absent from all of the databases we checked, suggesting that the variant is rare and pathogenic. CONCLUSION We showed, to our knowledge, for the first time, that the mutation in TBX6 might be associated with human distal vaginal atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Hong Duan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jing Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, Beijing, China.
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12
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Exome and copy number variation analyses of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster- Hauser syndrome. Hum Genome Var 2018; 5:27. [PMID: 30302266 PMCID: PMC6160444 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-018-0028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by congenital absence of the vagina and uterus. We conducted genome-wide SNP analyses and exome sequencing to detect the causes of MRKH syndrome. We identified de novo variants of MYCBP2, NAV3, and PTPN3 in three families and a variant of MYCBP2 in a sporadic case. Here, we demonstrated the partial genetic makeup of Japanese MRKH syndrome.
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