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Huang YH, Lin KH, Lai MW, Yeh CT. Mifepristone inhibits hepatoma growth by enhancing the GR-HSP60-survivin interaction to facilitate survivin degradation. J Cancer 2023; 14:3066-3077. [PMID: 37859823 PMCID: PMC10583585 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Silencing of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mifepristone inhibits HSP60 mRNA expression in Chlamydophila-infected epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether mifepristone could inhibit the growth of HCC cells by affecting the functions of HSP60. The effect of mifepristone on cell viability was examined by flow cytometry and a cell proliferation assay. Protein-protein interactions were examined using the immunoprecipitation assay. The anti-tumor effect of mifepristone was evaluated using a xenograft model. Our results indicated that mifepristone induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and early-stage apoptosis in HCC cells. Instead of reducing the total amount of HSP60, mifepristone induced the release of mitochondrial HSP60 into the cytosol by causing a loss of ΔΨm, thereby enhancing glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-HSP60-survivin complex formation as well as survivin degradation. Animal models have confirmed the growth inhibitory effects of mifepristone on HCC, including changes in the abundance of HSP60 in mitochondria and cytosol, decreased survivin and Ki-67-positive cells, as well as increased cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the inhibition of HCC growth by mifepristone may be achieved by altering the subcellular distribution of HSP60 to enhance the formation of cytosolic GR-HSP60-survivin complexes in the cells, leading to the degradation of survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Huang
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lai
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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2
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Gu X, Li S, Ma X, Huang D, Li P. Heterogeneity characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma based on the sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and development of a prognostic regression model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1252805. [PMID: 37745063 PMCID: PMC10512943 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1252805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug in clinical cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A correct understanding of the mechanisms leading to a low or lack of sensitivity of HCC to 5-FU-based treatment is a key element in the current personalized medical treatment. Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to analyze the expression profiles of the cancer cell line from GDSC2 to identify 5-FU-related modules and hub genes. According to hub genes, HCC was classified and the machine learning model was developed by ConsensusClusterPlus and five different machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, we performed quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis on the genes in our model. Results: A total of 19 modules of the cancer cell line were divided by WGCNA, and the most negative correlation with 5-FU was the midnight blue module, from which 45 hub genes were identified. HCC was divided into three subgroups (C1, C2, and C3) with significant overall survival (OS) differences. OS of C1 was the shortest, which was characterized by a high clinical grade and later T stage and stage. OS of C3 was the longest. OS of C2 was between the two subtypes, and its immune infiltration was the lowest. Five out of 45 hub genes, namely, TOMM40L, SNRPA, ILF3, CPSF6, and NUP205, were filtered to develop a risk regression model as an independent prognostic indicator for HCC. The qRT-PCR results showed that TOMM40L, SNRPA, ILF3, CPSF6, and NUP205 were remarkably highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: The HCC classification based on the sensitivity to 5-FU was in line with the prognostic differences observed in HCC and most of the genomic variation, immune infiltration, and heterogeneity of pathological pathways. The regression model related to 5-FU sensitivity may be of significance in individualized prognostic monitoring of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Hematology Department, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Luan, Lu’an, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Penghui Li
- The Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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3
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Li J, Hu Z, Zhu J, Lin X, Gao X, Lv G. Antitumor Effects of Pegylated Zinc Protoporphyrin-Mediated Sonodynamic Therapy in Ovarian Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2275. [PMID: 37765244 PMCID: PMC10534787 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor cells. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as an important antioxidant enzyme, resists killing by scavenging ROS. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) not only effectively inhibits HO-1 activity, but also becomes a potential sonosensitizer. However, its poor water solubility limits its applications. Herein, we developed an improved water-soluble method. It was proved that pegylated zinc protoporphyrin-mediated SDT (PEG-ZnPP-SDT) could significantly enhance ROS production by destroying the HO-1 antioxidant system in ovarian cancer. Increased ROS could cause mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, release cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytoplasm, and trigger the mitochondrial-caspase apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that PEG-ZnPP-SDT, as a novel sonosensitizer, could improve the antitumor effects by destroying the HO-1 antioxidant system. It provided a new therapeutic strategy for SDT to treat cancers, especially those with higher HO-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Basic Medical Institute of Heilongjiang Medical Sciences Academy, Harbin 150086, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Zheng Hu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China;
| | - Jiwei Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China;
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Basic Medical Institute of Heilongjiang Medical Sciences Academy, Harbin 150086, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Basic Medical Institute of Heilongjiang Medical Sciences Academy, Harbin 150086, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Guixiang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Basic Medical Institute of Heilongjiang Medical Sciences Academy, Harbin 150086, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (X.G.)
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4
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Ultrasound-excited temozolomide sonosensitization induces necroptosis in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2023; 554:216033. [PMID: 36493901 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.216033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) has been determined to be the chemotherapeutic drug with efficacy for glioblastoma (GBM). Thus, potentiating the therapeutic effect of TMZ can undoubtedly yield twice the result with half the effort. In this study, we found for the first time that TMZ can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the influence of ultrasound (US). This property allows TMZ-US therapy to have better efficacy in the treatment of GBM. Given that the increasing use of US in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and the importance of TMZ for GBM therapy, our results will facilitate the development of TMZ-associated glioblastoma therapies. Moreover, we found that chemotherapeutic drugs might have the ability to generate ROS under the excitation of US. On a larger scale, our findings may be applicable to a wide range of known drugs.
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5
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Yang T, Zhang Y, Wang T, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Xu L, Wang X. Low-frequency ultrasound irradiation increases paclitaxel-induced sarcoma cells apoptosis and facilitates the transmembrane delivery of drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1065289. [PMID: 36582521 PMCID: PMC9792775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1065289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoma is a malignant tumor derived from interstitial tissues and requires comprehensive treatment including chemotherapy. Paclitaxel (PTX) is an active agent against sarcoma, but its effect is not sufficiently acceptable and needs to be improved. Low-frequency ultrasound (LFU) has been documented to improve the efficacy of drugs by inducing reversible changes in membrane permeability; however, the effects of the combined use of LFU and PTX for sarcoma tumors remain unclear and warrant further investigation. We investigated the effects of 30 kHz LFU treatment combined with PTX on sarcoma cells A-204 and HT-1080 by analyzing in vitro apoptosis and cell growth inhibition rates, and determined their antitumor effects by examining tumor weights with or without LFU in the S180 sarcoma xenograft model. Drug concentrations in the subcutaneous tumors were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). LFU combined with PTX significantly induced cell apoptosis, and blocked the cell cycle of sarcoma cells in G2/M phase, and furthermore, inhibited the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, LFU combined with PTX inhibited the expression of PD-L1 in vitro, suggesting the potential of enhanced antitumor immunity by this treatment. LFU combined with PTX significantly inhibited the growth of S180 tumors transplanted subcutaneously in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice, and its enhanced effect may be associated with increased local concentrations of PTX in tumor tissues in vivo, with no significant adverse subsequences on body weight observed. We conclude that the combination of LFU and PTX has synergistic antitumor effects and is a candidate for subcutaneous treatment of sarcoma by further increasing the intracellular concentration of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Yang
- Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Li
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dan Zhao, ; Libin Xu, ; Xiaobing Wang,
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dan Zhao, ; Libin Xu, ; Xiaobing Wang,
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dan Zhao, ; Libin Xu, ; Xiaobing Wang,
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6
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Li Z, Wang C, Dai C, Hu R, Ding L, Feng W, Huang H, Wang Y, Bai J, Chen Y. Engineering dual catalytic nanomedicine for autophagy-augmented and ferroptosis-involved cancer nanotherapy. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121668. [PMID: 35834999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy represents a distinct anti-tumor strategy by activating intratumoral chemical catalytic reactions to produce highly toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) from non-/limited-toxic nanocatalysts. However, the low efficacy of ROS generation still remains a major challenge for further clinical translation. Herein, a liposomal nanosystem which simultaneously encapsulated copper peroxide nanodots (CPNs) and artemisinin (ART) was constructed for autophagy-enhanced and ferroptosis-involved cancer cell death owing to Cu-based dual catalytic strategy. To be specific, the CPN components, served as a H2O2 self-supplying platform, release H2O2 and Cu2+ under acidic tumor environment and endogenously generate .OH via Fenton-like reaction (catalytic reaction I). In addition, Cu2+ species catalyze ART components to produce ROS radicals (catalytic reaction II), further augmenting the intracellular oxidative damage and lipid peroxide accumulation, leading to cancer cell death. Specifically, ART also acted as a potent autophagy inducer increasing the level of intracellular iron pool through degradation of ferritin, which could promote cancer cell ferroptosis, producing the best antineoplastic effect. After accumulation into the tumor sites, ultrasound irradiation was applied to trigger the release of CPNs and ART from liposomal nanosystems, and amplify the efficacy of catalytic reaction for maximum therapeutic effect. Both in vitro and in vivo therapeutic outcomes suggest the outstanding autophagy-augmented ferroptosis-involved cancer-therapeutic efficacy, which was further corroborated by transcriptome sequencing. In this work, Cu was firstly proven to trigger ART to produce ROS species, but also provide a TME-responsive nanoplatform for potentially suppressing tumor growth by autophagy-augmented ferroptosis-involved cancer nanotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Chen Dai
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Ruizhi Hu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Li Ding
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, National Clinical Research Center of Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Jianwen Bai
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, PR China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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7
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Fan G, Qin J, Fu X, Si X, Li L, Yang K, Wang B, Lou H, Zhu J. Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Targeted Microbubble Destruction Enhanced Paclitaxel Sensitivity by Decreasing Autophagy in Paclitaxel-Resistant Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:823956. [PMID: 35574313 PMCID: PMC9098947 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.823956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) was introduced as a promising method to improve anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy, while minimizing side effects to healthy tissues. Nevertheless, the acoustical phenomenon behind the UTMD as well as the exact mechanisms of autophagy action involved in the increased anti-cancer response are still not fully understood. Therefore, we examined the drug resistance-reversing effects of low-intensity focused ultrasound with microbubble (LIFU+MB) in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Cell viability was evaluated using CCK8 (Cell Counting Kit-8), apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of mRNA and protein, and autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We revealed that the level of autophagy was increased (p < 0.05) in PTX-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Treatment of LIFU+MB combined with PTX can notably inhibit proliferation as well as increase apoptosis (p < 0.01) in drug-resistant cells. We proposed that LIFU+MB might affect the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to PTX by modulating autophagy. To verify the hypothesis, we analyzed the autophagy level of drug-resistant cells after the treatment of LIFU+MB and found that autophagy was significantly inhibited. Altogether, our findings demonstrated that LIFU+MB could reverse PTX resistance in ovarian cancer via inhibiting autophagy, which provides a novel strategy to improve chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonglin Fan
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Qin
- Department of Ultrasound, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Si
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscope (CCEM), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiya Lou
- Department of Ultrasound, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Zhu,
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8
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Mani S, Swargiary G, Ralph SJ. Targeting the redox imbalance in mitochondria: A novel mode for cancer therapy. Mitochondrion 2021; 62:50-73. [PMID: 34758363 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels affect many aspects of cell behavior. During carcinogenesis, moderate ROS production modifies gene expression to alter cell function, elevating metabolic activity and ROS. To avoid extreme ROS-activated death, cancer cells increase antioxidative capacity, regulating sustained ROS levels that promote growth. Anticancer therapies are exploring inducing supranormal, cytotoxic oxidative stress levels either inhibiting antioxidative capacity or promoting excess ROS to selectively destroy cancer cells, triggering mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, or ferroptosis. This review exemplifies pro-oxidants (natural/synthetic/repurposed drugs) and their clinical significance as cancer therapies providing revolutionary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mani
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
| | - Geeta Swargiary
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Stephen J Ralph
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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Kobayashi T, Makino T, Yamashita K, Saito T, Tanaka K, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Yamasaki M, Nakajima K, Morii E, Eguchi H, Doki Y. APR-246 induces apoptosis and enhances chemo-sensitivity via activation of ROS and TAp73-Noxa signal in oesophageal squamous cell cancer with TP53 missense mutation. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1523-1532. [PMID: 34599296 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in p53, identified in 90% of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), are associated with unfavourable prognosis and chemo-resistance. APR-246 induces apoptosis by restoring transcriptional ability of mutant p53, and may be a promising therapeutic agent to overcome chemo-resistance in ESCC. METHODS In ESCC cell lines differing in p53 status, we performed in vitro cell viability and apoptosis assays, evaluated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and assessed signal changes by western blot after APR-246 administration with/without chemo-agent. Antitumour effects and signal changes were evaluated in in vivo experiments using xenograft and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models. RESULTS APR-246 administration induced significant apoptosis by upregulating p73 and Noxa via ROS induction in ESCC cell lines harbouring p53 missense mutations. Moreover, APR-246 plus chemotherapy exerted combined antitumour effects in ESCC with p53 missense mutations. This effect was also mediated through enhanced ROS activity, leading to massive apoptosis via upregulation of p73 and Noxa. These findings were confirmed by xenograft and PDX models with p53 mutant ESCC. CONCLUSION APR-246 strongly induced apoptosis by inducing ROS activity and p73-Noxa signalling, specifically in ESCC with p53 missense mutation. This antitumour effect was further enhanced by combination with 5-FU, which we first confirmed in ESCC preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiichi Morii
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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10
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Yang M, Luo Q, Chen X, Chen F. Bitter melon derived extracellular vesicles enhance the therapeutic effects and reduce the drug resistance of 5-fluorouracil on oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:259. [PMID: 34454534 PMCID: PMC8400897 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) have been exploited for cancer treatment with several benefits. Bitter melon is cultivated as a vegetable and folk medicine with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used for cancer treatment. However, 5-FU-mediated NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammation activation induced the resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells to 5-FU. In this study, we explored the potential of bitter melon-derived extracellular vesicles (BMEVs) for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the resistance of OSCC to 5-FU. Results Herein, we demonstrate that bitter melon derived extracellular vesicles (BMEVs), in addition to their antitumor activity against OSCC have intrinsic anti-inflammatory functions. BMEVs induced S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Apoptosis induction was dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and JUN protein upregulation, since pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine or catechin hydrate could prevent apoptosis and JUN accumulation, respectively. Surprisingly, BMEVs significantly downregulated NLRP3 expression, although ROS plays a central role in NLRP3 activation. We further assessed the underlying molecular mechanism and proposed that the RNAs of BMEVs, at least in part, mediate anti-inflammatory bioactivity. In our previous studies, NLRP3 activation contributed to the resistance of OSCC cells to 5-FU. Our data clearly indicate that BMEVs could exert a remarkable synergistic therapeutic effect of 5-FU against OSCC both in vitro and in vivo. Most notably, NLRP3 downregulation reduced the resistance of OSCC to 5-FU. Conclusions Together, our findings demonstrate a novel approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the drug resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents, which provides proof-of-concept evidence for the future development of PDEVs-enhanced therapy. Graphic Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00995-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqiong Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China. .,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Fazary AE, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Amer ME, Nasr MSM, Abuamara TMM, Badr DA, Ju YH, Mohamed AF. Bioactivity Studies of Hesperidin and XAV939. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20042-20052. [PMID: 34368589 PMCID: PMC8340382 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the reactivity of natural bioflavonoid hesperidin (HSP) and synthetically derived XAV939 (XAV) against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), human breast cancer (MDA-MB231) cancer cell lines, and related molecular and pathological profiles. Data recorded revealed that the cytotoxic potential of the tested products was found to be cell type- and concentration-dependent. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of the HSP-XAV mixture against MDA-MB231 was significantly decreased in the case of using the HSP-XAV mixture against the HepG2 cell line. Also, there was a significant upregulation of the phosphotumor suppressor protein gene (P53) and proapoptotic genes such as B-cell lymphoma-associated X-protein (Bax, CK, and Caspase-3), while antiapoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) was significantly downregulated compared with the untreated cell control. The cell cycle analysis demonstrated that DNA accumulation was detected mainly during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle accompanied with the elevated reactive oxygen species level in the treatment of HepG2 and MDA-MB231 cell lines by the HSP-XAV mixture, more significantly than that in the case of cell control. Finally, our finding suggests that both HSP and XAV939 and their mixture may offer an alternative in human liver and breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Fazary
- Applied
Research Department, Research and Development Sector, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA
Holding Company), 51
Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza 12654, Egypt
- National
Committee for Pure and Applied Chemistry (NCPAC 2018-2022), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 110 Al Kasr Al Aini, El-Sayeda Zainab, Cairo Governorate 11334, Egypt
- . Tel.: +2-0106-358-2851
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Department
of Biology, Science Collage, King Khalid
University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
- Department
of Biology, Science Collage, King Khalid
University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Cell
Culture Laboratory, Research and Development Sector, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA
Holding Company), 51
Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza 12654, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Amer
- Histology
Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Damietta, P.C. 34511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. M. Nasr
- Histology
Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Tamer M. M. Abuamara
- Histology
Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Badr
- Applied
Research Department, Research and Development Sector, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA
Holding Company), 51
Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza 12654, Egypt
| | - Yi-Hsu Ju
- Graduate
Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Taiwan Building Technology Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Aly F. Mohamed
- The
International Center for Advanced Researches (ICTAR-Egypt), Cairo 307422, Egypt
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12
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Lin Z, Chen Z, Zhong G, Long L, He P, Luo G. A Porphyrin‐Based 5‐Fluorouracil and Its Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Antitumor Activity. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zunxian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Guanlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Long
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Guotian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
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13
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Biological Screening and Radiolabeling of Raptinal as a Potential Anticancer Novel Drug in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 158:105653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Xue D, Zhou X, Qiu J. Emerging role of NRF2 in ROS-mediated tumor chemoresistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110676. [PMID: 32858502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a central cause for the tumor management failure. Cancer cells disrupt the redox homeostasis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory mechanisms, leading to tumor progression and chemoresistance. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator of neutralizing cellular ROS and restoring redox balance. Understanding the role of NRF2 in ROS-mediated chemoresistance can be helpful in the development of chemotherapy strategies with better efficiency. In this review, we sum up the roles of ROS in the development of chemoresistance to classical chemotherapy agents including cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin, and how to overcome ROS-mediated tumor chemoresistance by targeting NRF2. Finally, we propose that targeting NRF2 might be a promising strategy to resist ROS-driven chemoresistance and acquire better efficacy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiongming Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaxuan Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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15
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Lee IC, Fadera S, Liu HL. Strategy of differentiation therapy: effect of dual-frequency ultrasound on the induction of liver cancer stem-like cells on a HA-based multilayer film system. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:5401-5411. [PMID: 31414097 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01120j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and normal stem cells share the ability to self-renew and drive tumor formation, recurrence, and distant metastasis and are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. One potential therapeutic approach for targeting CSCs is to induce CSCs to differentiate into normal cancer cells to eliminate self-renewal and enhance drug sensitivity. We developed a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based multilayer film system for selecting CSC-like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell colonies. Herein, we assess the differentiation therapy of HCC CSCs using dual-frequency low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS). HA-based multilayer films of poly (allylamine hydrochloride), (PAH/HA)6, were used to isolate CSC colonies. Colony formation, maintenance, and CSC marker expression were identified. The colony-formation rate was investigated, and putative CSC markers for CD44/CD133 expression after 7 days of culture were upregulated on (PAH/HA)6 multilayer films. Dual-frequency LIUS was used to induce CSC colony differentiation, and the phenotype variation, CSC marker expression, gene expression, drug-resistance ability, and invasion ability of CSC colonies with/without LIUS stimulation were compared. The numbers of colonies and CD44/CD133 double-positive cells and the expression levels of stem cell-related genes and proteins associated with stemness all decreased due to differentiation after LIUS exposure. Furthermore, a significant reduction in CSC drug resistance and invasion ability was observed. These results indicate that dual-frequency LIUS induces CSC differentiation and reduces drug resistance and invasion ability. Differentiation of CSCs provides an alternative therapeutic strategy to reverse CSC stemness and force their loss of self-renewal ability. CSC-targeted therapy holds great promise as an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan. and Neurosurgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Siaka Fadera
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Li Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan. and Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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16
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Shen Z, Shao J, Zhang J, Qu W. Ultrasound cavitation enhanced chemotherapy: In vivo research and clinical application. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1200-1212. [PMID: 32567346 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220936150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The novelty of this research is that we used ultrasound cavitation to enhance the effects of chemotherapy in the subcutaneous and orthotopic hepatic carcinomas in nude mice. Case reports of the effects of the targeting ultrasound cavitation and chemotherapy on malignant tumors in clinical patients were also examined. We found that low-frequency ultrasound cavitation combined with chemotherapy is effective in the inhibition of tumor growth to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Shen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu 226361, PR China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu 226361, PR China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu 226361, PR China
| | - Weixing Qu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu 226361, PR China
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17
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Yu L, Wang F, Tai M, Li J, Gong S, Zhou Z, Yin X, Gu X, Li C. 6H2L, a novel synthetic derivative of bifendate, induces apoptosis in hepatoma cells via mitochondrial and MAPK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173299. [PMID: 32589884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Our previous study indicated that 6H2L, a novel synthetic bifendate derivative, shows multidrug resistance reversal activity, while its antitumor effect has not been revealed. Here, the potent antitumor effects of 6H2L on hepatoma cells both in vitro and in vivo were investigated. 6H2L inhibited cell viability of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells with less sensitivity to normal human liver L-02 cells. 6H2L induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells. It upregulated Bax expression, while simultaneously decreasing Bcl-2 expression. Further elucidation of the mechanism revealed that 6H2L induced mitochondrial dysfunction, with transmitochondrial membrane potential collapse and cytochrome c release, which activated caspase-9 and caspase-3 and subsequently cleaved PARP, suggesting that 6H2L induced apoptosis via triggering mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, 6H2L decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, whereas it increased the expression of p-JNK and p-p38. Then, specific inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were employed to confirm the roles of the MAPK pathway in the apoptosis-inducing effects of 6H2L. Additionally, 6H2L obviously inhibited the tumor growth in H22-bearing ICR mice. Meanwhile, 6H2L remarkably up-regulated Bax while suppressing Bcl-2 in tumors. Importantly, neither significant weight loss, white blood cell (WBC) count, nor histopathological abnormalities of major organs were observed in the mice receiving 6H2L treatment, indicating that 6H2L exerted strong anticancer activities with low toxicity in vivo. In contrast, fluorouracil inhibited tumor growth with significant decreased body weight and WBC count. Taken together, these results suggested 6H2L is a potential therapeutic candidate for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Tai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Gong T, Zhang P, Jia L, Pan Y. Suppression of ovarian cancer by low-intensity ultrasound through depletion of IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory pathway-maintained cancer stemness. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:820-826. [PMID: 32273089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is the key cause of cancer death from gynecological malignancy of women. Chemotherapy-resistance, metastasis and relapse contribute to the high mortality in ovarian cancer patients. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) stand for the root of kinds of cancer types such as ovarian cancer, are the key driver of tumor initiation, cancer metastasis, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy as well as genomic targeted therapy. Thus, the approach to eliminate CSCs and uncovering the mechanism will have substantial impact on cancer therapy. However, targeting CSC remains unfeasible in clinical practice in ovarian cancer therapy. In this study, we first found that Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) was capable of reducing the CSC populations in the xenograft model with ovarian cancer, with blocking survival, anti-apoptosis, self-renewal, and downregulating the cancer stemness genes in ovarian CSCs. Moreover, LIUS ameliorated IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory pathway via inhibiting IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, DNA binding activity and, the expressions of its downstream effectors in ovarian CSCs while no explicit effect was found in the corresponding bulk cancer cells. Additional approaches in molecular studies showed that LIUS disrupts CSC features via inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory pathway. Collectively, our data for the first time elucidate IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory loop as the key CSC or cancer stemness pathway in ovarian cancer by LIUS treatment, providing a novel and potential therapy and a promising target in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Medical Ultrasound Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Penghua Zhang
- Medical Ultrasound Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Liang Jia
- First Department of Gynecology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yanyan Pan
- Medical Ultrasound Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
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19
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Xia C, Zeng H, Zheng Y. Low‑intensity ultrasound enhances the antitumor effects of doxorubicin on hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the ROS‑miR‑21‑PTEN axis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:989-998. [PMID: 32016465 PMCID: PMC7003057 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of liver cancer and is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. In China, ~466,000 patients are diagnosed with HCC and it is responsible for ~422,000 cases of mortality each year. Surgery is the most effective treatment available; however it is only suitable for patients with early-stage HCC. Chemotherapy has been confirmed as a necessary treatment for patients with advanced HCC, although drug resistance may limit its clinical outcome. Low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) represents a novel therapeutic approach to treat patients with HCC; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were determined via Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate assays, respectively. The expression of miRNA in HCC cells following exposure to LIUS and doxorubicin (Dox) was analyzed using a microarray and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. It was revealed treatment with LIUS in combination with Dox was able to induce apoptosis of Huh7 cells, increasing the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase 1 are ROS-scavenging enzymes, which serve important roles in the oxidative balance, preventing oxidative stress. The protein expression levels of these two enzymes were significantly decreased following treatment with LIUS combined with Dox. The present results suggested that LIUS may decrease Dox resistance in HCC cells and that LIUS may be combined with chemotherapy to treat HCC. By performing microarray analysis, the expression levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21) were decreased following treatment with LIUS combined with Dox. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of miR-21 enhanced the antitumor activity of Dox, whereas overexpression of miR-21 reversed these effects. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a well-known tumor suppressor, was revealed to be a direct target of miR-21, and its translation was suppressed by miR-21. Finally, it was determined that combined treatment of LIUS and Dox induced anticancer effects by blocking the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway, as demonstrated by the downregulation of phosphorylated (p-)AKT and p-mTOR; N-acetylcysteine, a general ROS inhibitor reversed the suppressive effects on the AKT/mTOR pathway mediated by LIUS and Dox. Collectively, the present results suggested that LIUS increased cell sensitivity to Dox via the ROS/miR-21/PTEN pathway. Chemotherapy combined with LIUS may represent a novel effective therapeutic strategy to treat patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, Suqian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Huabei Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, Suqian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Yanfen Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, School of Imaging of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, P.R. China
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20
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Ji X, Zhou S, Yang P, Liu F, Li Y, Li H. Value of ultrasound combined with MRI in the diagnosis of primary and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6180-6186. [PMID: 31788093 PMCID: PMC6864961 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC) and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC) were compared. The clinical data of 329 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) admitted to Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from June 2015 to December 2017 were collected. One hundred and sixty patients with PHCC were regarded as the PHCC group, and the other 169 patients with RHCC were regarded as the RHCC group. US and MRI were used in the imaging diagnosis of both groups and the results of US combined with MRI, US, and MRI alone were compared. The lesion size in the PHCC group was significantly higher than that in the RHCC group (P<0.05). The MRI fast-in and fast-out rates of the two groups were significantly higher than those of the other three methods (P<0.05). The coincidence rate of MRI in the two groups was higher than that of computed tomography (CT), US, and US combined with MRI (P<0.05). The coincidence rates of CT, US, MRI, and US combined with MRI in PHCC group were significantly higher than those in RHCC group. In PHCC group, MRI was superior to the other methods in the detection of micro HCC (P<0.05). In RHCC group, MRI was significantly better than US in the detection of micro HCC (P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRI were significantly better than the other three methods (P<0.05). MRI alone has the best diagnostic efficacy for micro HCC-type lesions. The diagnostic efficacy of MRI, US, CT, and US combined with MRI in PHCC was better than those in RHCC. In addition to imaging examination, the diagnosis of RHCC should be combined with other indicators for comprehensive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Special Inspection (Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology), Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266034, P.R. China
| | - Shisheng Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Administrative Department (Outpatient), The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Faqin Liu
- Department of Operating Room, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Operating Room, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272111, P.R. China
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21
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Caffeine enhances the anti-tumor effect of 5-fluorouracil via increasing the production of reactive oxygen species in hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2019; 36:97. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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22
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Zayed Mohamed N, Aly HF, moneim El-Mezayen HA, El-Salamony HE. Effect of co-administration of Bee honey and some chemotherapeutic drugs on dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:875-888. [PMID: 31516840 PMCID: PMC6727247 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative and complimentary usage of the natural compound has raised hopes of finding curative options for liver hepatocarcinogenesis. In the present study, the curative effect of bee honey against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (50 mg/kg) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (2 mg/Kg)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in male rats in the presence or absence of some chemotherapeutic drugs, Cisplatin (Cis), Cyclophosphamide (CY) and 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) were investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that treatment with DEN/CCl4 caused oxidative stress as assigned by the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and fall in glutathione (GSH) content. Meantime detraction in the antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was observed. Also, the results showed induction of inflammation as reflected by an increase in the levels of both α- fetoprotein and α- fucosidase in the liver. This was accompanied by changes in the hepatic function biomarkers which characterized by the increased levels of transaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-Glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) and decrease in total protein content in the serum. In conclusion, the combination of the selected drugs and bee honey may be an effective chemo- preventive and therapeutic strategy for treating DEN and CCl4-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Zayed Mohamed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Farouk Aly
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Hadeer E. El-Salamony
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza, Egypt
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23
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Chen T, Wu Q, Chutturghoon VK, Lin B, Geng L, Yang Z, Zhou L, Zheng S. YAP promotes multi-drug resistance and inhibits autophagy-related cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma via the RAC1-ROS-mTOR pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:179. [PMID: 31337986 PMCID: PMC6626386 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multi-drug resistance is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). YAP, a critical effector of the Hippo pathway, has been shown to contribute to the progression, metastasis and invasion of cancers. However, the potential role of YAP in mediating drug resistance remains obscure. Methods RT-qPCR and western blot were used to assess YAP expression in HCC cell lines. CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, a xenograft tumour model, immunochemistry and GFP-mRFP-LC3 fusion proteins were utilized to evaluate the effect of YAP on multi-drug resistance, intracellular ROS production and the autophagy of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy inhibitor and rescue experiments were carried out to elucidate the mechanism by which YAP promotes chemoresistance in HCC cells. Results We found that BEL/FU, a typical HCC cell line with chemoresistance, exhibited overexpression of YAP. Moreover, the inhibition of YAP by shRNA or verteporfin conferred the sensitivity of BEL/FU cells to chemotherapeutic agents through autophagy-related cell death in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, YAP silencing significantly enhanced autophagic flux by increasing RAC1-driven ROS, which contributed to the inactivation of mTOR in HCC cells. In addition, the antagonist of autophagy reversed the enhanced effect of YAP silencing on cell death under treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion Our findings suggested that YAP upregulation endowed HCC cells with multi-drug resistance via the RAC1-ROS-mTOR pathway, resulting in the repression of autophagy-related cell death. The blockade of YAP may serve as a promising novel therapeutic strategy for overcoming chemoresistance in HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0898-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,6Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Tianchi Chen
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchuan Wu
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Vikram Kumar Chutturghoon
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingyi Lin
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Geng
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Li P, Zhang J, Li F, Yu Y, Chen Y. Low‑intensity ultrasound enhances the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to cisplatin via altering the miR‑34a/c‑Met axis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:135-144. [PMID: 31115495 PMCID: PMC6559300 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the use of low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) combined with chemotherapeutic agents is widely used in clinical practice, mainly for the treatment of cancer; however, the mechanisms as to how LIUS enhances the antitumor effects of these agents are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to explore the synergistic antitumor effects and mechanisms of cisplatin (DDP) combined with LIUS (LIUS-DDP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We reported that LIUS effectively enhanced Huh7 and HCCLM3 cell sensitivity to a low concentration of DDP. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that LIUS could increase the expression of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in HCC cells following DDP treatment. In addition, LIUS-DDP significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in vitro, and the upregulation of miR-34a induced by LIUS-DDP was reversed by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that LIUS upregulates the expression of miR-34a via production of ROS. In addition, knockdown of miR-34a in HCC cells significantly suppressed the synergistic effects of LIUS-DDP treatment. Conversely, overexpression of miR-34a enhanced these synergistic effects. The results of a dual-luciferase assay indicated that c-Met, a well-known oncogene, was a target of miR-34a. We also determined that LIUS-DDP treatment inhibited the expression of c-Met, possibly due to increased ROS production, which upregulated miR-34a expression. Furthermore, overexpression of c-Met reversed the synergistic effects of LIUS-DDP treatment. Our findings suggest that LIUS could enhance the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to DDP by altering the miR-34a/c-Met axis. Therefore, DDP combined with LIUS may be a potential therapeutic application for the clinical treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Fuchun Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonography, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
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25
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Loria R, Giliberti C, Bedini A, Palomba R, Caracciolo G, Ceci P, Falvo E, Marconi R, Falcioni R, Bossi G, Strigari L. Very low intensity ultrasounds as a new strategy to improve selective delivery of nanoparticles-complexes in cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:1. [PMID: 30606223 PMCID: PMC6318873 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-1018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The possibility to combine Low Intensity UltraSound (LIUS) and Nanoparticles (NP) could represent a promising strategy for drugs delivery in tumors difficult to treat overcoming resistance to therapies. On one side the NP can carry drugs that specifically target the tumors on the other the LIUS can facilitate and direct the delivery to the tumor cells. In this study, we investigated whether Very Low Intensity UltraSound (VLIUS), at intensities lower than 120 mW/cm2, might constitute a novel strategy to improve delivery to tumor cells. Thus, in order to verify the efficacy of this novel modality in terms of increase selective uptake in tumoral cells and translate speedily in clinical practice, we investigated VLIUS in three different in vitro experimental tumor models and normal cells adopting three different therapeutic strategies. Methods VLIUS at different intensities and exposure time were applied to tumor and normal cells to evaluate the efficiency in uptake of labeled human ferritin (HFt)-based NP, the delivery of NP complexed Firefly luciferase reported gene (lipoplex-LUC), and the tumor-killing of chemotherapeutic agent. Results Specifically, we found that specific VLIUS intensity (120 mW/cm2) increases tumor cell uptake of HFt-based NPs at specific concentration (0.5 mg/ml). Similarly, VLIUS treatments increase significantly tumor cells delivery of lipoplex-LUC cargos. Furthermore, of interest, VLIUS increases tumor killing of chemotherapy drug trabectedin in a time dependent fashion. Noteworthy, VLIUS treatments are well tolerated in normal cells with not significant effects on cell survival, NPs delivery and drug-induced toxicity, suggesting a tumor specific fashion. Conclusions Our data shed novel lights on the potential application of VLIUS for the design and development of novel therapeutic strategies aiming to efficiently deliver NP loaded cargos or anticancer drugs into more aggressive and unresponsive tumors niche. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-1018-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Loria
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Area of Translational Research, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Giliberti
- Dipartimento Innovazioni Tecnologiche e Sicurezza degli Impianti, Prodotti e Insediamenti Antropici (DIT), INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelico Bedini
- Dipartimento Innovazioni Tecnologiche e Sicurezza degli Impianti, Prodotti e Insediamenti Antropici (DIT), INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palomba
- Dipartimento Innovazioni Tecnologiche e Sicurezza degli Impianti, Prodotti e Insediamenti Antropici (DIT), INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Ceci
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Marconi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Falcioni
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Area of Translational Research, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bossi
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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26
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Mungo E, Bergandi L, Salaroglio IC, Doublier S. Pyruvate Treatment Restores the Effectiveness of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Pleural Mesothelioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113550. [PMID: 30423827 PMCID: PMC6274794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the idea that a dysfunction in cell metabolism could sustain a resistant phenotype in cancer cells. As the success of chemotherapeutic agents is often questioned by the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR), a multiple cross-resistance towards different anti-cancer drugs represent a major obstacle to cancer treatment. The present study has clarified the involvement of the carbon metabolites in a more aggressive tumor colon adenocarcinoma phenotype and in a chemoresistant mesothelioma, and the role of pyruvate treatment in the reversion of the potentially related resistance. For the first time, we have shown that human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and its chemoresistant counterpart (HT29-dx) displayed different carbon metabolism: HT29-dx cells had a higher glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, whereas human malignant mesothelioma (HMM) cells showed a lower glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, accompanied by a lower pyruvate production and, consequently, a higher production of lactate. When treated with pyruvate, both HT29-dx and HMM cells exhibited a re-established accumulation of doxorubicin and a lower survival ability, a decreased activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) and a restored mitochondrial respiratory chain function, improving the effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic agents in these resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Loredana Bergandi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Sophie Doublier
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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27
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Bergandi L, Mungo E, Morone R, Bosco O, Rolando B, Doublier S. Hyperglycemia Promotes Chemoresistance Through the Reduction of the Mitochondrial DNA Damage, the Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-XL Ratio, and the Cells in Sub-G1 Phase Due to Antitumoral Drugs Induced-Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:866. [PMID: 30150934 PMCID: PMC6099160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are common, chronic, and potentially fatal diseases that frequently co-exist. Observational studies clearly indicate that the risk of several types of cancer is increased in diabetic patients and a number of cancer types have shown a higher mortality rate in patients with hyperglycemic associated pathologies. This scenario could be due, at least in part, to a lower efficacy of the cancer treatments which needs to be better investigated. Here, we evaluated the effects of a prolonged exposure to high glucose (HG) to the response to chemotherapy on human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 and LOVO cell lines. We observed that hyperglycemia protected against the decreased cell viability and cytotoxicity and preserved from the mitochondrial DNA lesions induced by doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatments by lowering ROS production. In HT29 cells the amount of intracellular DOX and its nuclear localization were not modified by HG incubation in terms of Pgp, BCRP, MRP1, 5 and 8 activity and gene expression. On the contrary, in LOVO cells, the amount of intracellular DOX was significantly decreased after a bolus of DOX in HG condition and the expression and activity of MPR1 was increased, suggesting that HG promotes drug chemoresistance in both HT29 and LOVO cells, but in a different way. In both cell types, HG condition prevented the susceptibility to apoptosis by decreasing the ratio Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-XL and diminished the level of cytosolic cytochrome c and the cleavage of full length of PARP induced by DOX and 5-FU. Finally, hyperglycemia reduced cell death by decreasing the cell percentage in sub-G1 peak induced by DOX (via a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase) and 5-FU (via a cell cycle arrest in the S phase) in HT29 and LOVO cells. Taken together, our data showed that a prolonged exposure to HG protects human colon adenocarcinoma cells from the cytotoxic effects of two widely used chemotherapeutic drugs, impairing the effectiveness of the chemotherapy itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosa Morone
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ornella Bosco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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28
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Qian J, Gao Q. Sonodynamic Therapy Mediated by Emodin Induces the Oxidation of Microtubules to Facilitate the Sonodynamic Effect. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:853-860. [PMID: 29398130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, sonodynamic therapy mediated by emodin (emodin-SDT) induced cytoskeletal filament disruption and apoptosis of THP-1-derived macrophages. In this research, we investigated the underlying mechanism. THP-1-derived macrophages were incubated with emodin and exposed to ultrasound irradiation. After emodin-SDT, we measured the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and analyzed the level of amino acid oxidation in microtubules, the cleavage of microtubules and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). We found that intracellular emodin accumulated mainly on microtubules. After emodin-SDT, generation of ROS was evident. Analysis of the carbonyl content of proteins suggested oxidation of microtubules. Microtubules were disrupted after emodin-SDT, and the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented this disruption. MMP decreased after emodin-SDT, and this effect could be prevented by N-acetyl-L-cysteine. We conclude that emodin-SDT induces the generation of ROS. The oxidation of microtubules leads to its cleavage and the subsequent decline in MMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Qian
- Unit of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qianping Gao
- Unit of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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29
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Okada Y, Wang T, Kasai K, Suzuki K, Takikawa Y. Regulation of transforming growth factor is involved in the efficacy of combined 5-fluorouracil and interferon alpha-2b therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:42. [PMID: 29560281 PMCID: PMC5849890 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is critical in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. The effects of a treatment that targets TGF-β using the combination of interferon alpha (IFNα)-2b and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are unknown. Here, we show that the serum levels of TGF-β1 prior to the therapy correlate with increased maximum tumor diameter, which is significantly (p < 0.01) decreased after the combination therapy. 5-FU increased both the expression and secretion levels of TGF-β1 in hepatoma cells, but not in normal hepatocytes. The combination of 5-FU and IFNα-2b synergistically affected cell death. However, a TGF-β1 specific inhibitor did not affect the anti-tumor activity of 5-FU. 5-FU inhibited the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and reduced the total protein levels of SMAD2, SMAD4, and pINK4b. Conversely, 5-FU stimulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Accordingly, the protein levels of E-cadherin and claudin-1 were reduced in 5-FU-treated cells. The combination of 5-FU and IFNα-2b, and the inhibition of ERK1/2 by a specific inhibitor neutralized the effects of 5-FU on TGF-β-related signaling molecules and restored their protein levels to those observed in the control. Interestingly, the phosphorylated protein levels of SMAD2 and the total protein levels of E-cadherin and p15INK4b were increased in 5-FU-stimulated HuH-7 cells, but not in Hep G2 cells. Our data suggest that the higher efficacy of the 5-FU and IFNα-2b combination therapy was associated with the regulation of TGF-β expression, secretion, and the signals mediated by it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Okada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate Japan
| | - Ting Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kasai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate Japan
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30
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Li HX, Zheng JH, Ji L, Liu GY, Lv YK, Yang D, Hu Z, Chen H, Zhang FM, Cao W. Effects of low-intensity ultrasound combined with low-dose carboplatin in an orthotopic hamster model of tongue cancer: A preclinical study. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:1609-1618. [PMID: 29436690 PMCID: PMC5868397 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) combined with chemotherapy is an innovative modality for cancer treatment, but its effect on orthotopic carcinoma remains unknown. Our previous study revealed that LIUS enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of several chemotherapeutic drugs in nude mice with transplanted tumors. In the present study, we used 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha)anthracene to induce orthotopic tongue carcinogenesis in hamsters. We used the first-line chemotherapy drug for tongue cancer, carboplatin (CBP) in combination with LIUS to investigate the synergistic effect. The results revealed that LIUS combined with low-dose CBP enhanced the inhibitory effects of CBP on tumor growth, prolonged survival, and did not increase the incidence of side-effects. It also enhanced the inherent DNA damage caused by CBP, suppressed the expression of the DNA repair proteins O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and Chk1, and increased the expression of DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45α. Furthermore, compared with CBP alone, LIUS combined with CBP reduced the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin B1, induced the expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, Bax, and Bak, and inhibited the expression of Bcl-2. Examination of clinical samples revealed that MGMT, Chk1, and Gadd45α were higher in OTSCC than in adjacent normal tissue. Hence, our results indicated that LIUS enhanced the ability of low-dose CBP to damage DNA in an orthotopic hamster model of tongue cancer, induced apoptosis, inhibited tumor growth and progression, while it did not increase the toxic side-effects of the drug, suggesting additional clinical benefits for patients treated with the combination of CBP with LIUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hua Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ji
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Yao Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yv-Kun Lv
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Laboratory of Sono- and Phototheranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Min Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Laboratory of Sono- and Phototheranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
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Combining ultrasound and intratumoral administration of doxorubicin-loaded microspheres to enhance tumor cell killing. Int J Pharm 2018; 539:139-146. [PMID: 29353083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is an incurable disease for which alternative treatments to chemotherapy alone are sought. Here, using a melanoma model, we investigated the antitumor potential of combining ultrasound (US) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). The aim was to achieve synergistic tumoricidal activity through direct and indirect US-mediated damage of tumor cells combined with sustained and potentially controllable release (when combined with US) of DOX from microspheres. An in vitro release assay demonstrated an ability of US to affect the release kinetics of DOX from DOX-loaded PLGA microspheres by inducing a 12% increase in the rate of release. In vitro viability assays demonstrated that combining US with DOX-loaded PLGA microspheres resulted in synergistic tumor cell (B16-F10 melanoma cells) killing. Melanoma-bearing mice were treated intratumorally with DOX (8 µg)-loaded microspheres and subjected to US treatment at the tumor site. This treatment could significantly extend survival (mean survival (MS) = 22.1 days) compared to untreated mice (MS = 10.4 days) and most other treatments, such as blank microspheres plus US (MS = 11.5 days) and DOX (8 µg)-loaded microspheres alone (MS = 13 days). The findings that immune checkpoint blockade did not significantly extend survival of mice treated with DOX (8 µg)-loaded microspheres plus US, and that tumor-free ("cured") mice were not protected from subsequent tumor rechallenge suggests minimal involvement of the adaptive immune response in the observed antitumor activity. Nevertheless, the synergistic increase in survival of melanoma-challenged mice treated with the combination of US and DOX-loaded microspheres implicates such a treatment methodology as a promising additional tool for combatting otherwise currently incurable cancers.
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32
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Fan H, Li H, Liu G, Cong W, Zhao H, Cao W, Zheng J. Doxorubicin combined with low intensity ultrasound suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma in culture and in xenografts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:163. [PMID: 29157266 PMCID: PMC5696881 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) invades surrounding tissues by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and −9, which causes over-expression of the Hedgehog signaling proteins Shh and Gli-1 and degradation of the extracellular matrix, thereby creating a “highway” for tumor invasion. We explored the potential of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) and doxorubicin (DOX) to inhibit the formation of this “highway”. Methods MTT assays were used to examine OSCC cell viability after exposure to LIUS and DOX. The cell morphological changes and ultrastructure were detected by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Endogenous autophagy-associated proteins were analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated by Transwell assays. Collagen fiber changes were evaluated by Masson’s trichrome staining. Invasion-associated proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results LIUS of 1 W/cm2 increased the in vitro DOX uptake into OSCC by nearly 3-fold in three different cell lines and induced transient autophagic vacuoles on the cell surface. The combination of LIUS and 0.2 μg/ml DOX inhibited tumor cell viability and invasion, promoted tumor stromal collagen deposition, and prolonged the survival of mice. This combination also down-regulated MMP-2, MMP-9, Shh and Gli-1 in tumor xenografts. Collagen fiber expression was negatively correlated with the expression of these proteins in human OSCC samples. Conclusions Our findings suggest that effective low dosages of DOX in combination with LIUS can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which might be through MMP-2/9 production mediated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0633-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Fan
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guanyao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Stomatological Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, and Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.,Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Jinhua Zheng
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
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YM155 induces apoptosis in p53-deficient T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells independent of survivin inhibition. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:298-306. [PMID: 27930382 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological cancer that arises from the malignant transformation of T-cell progenitors. Despite the significant progress in current treatment, challenges remain the lifelong morbidity after current chemotherapy regimens and postrelapse survival. In addition, patients with T-ALL have inferior outcomes compared with those with B-cell precursor; consequently, novel therapeutic approaches are still necessary to improve the outcome in this cohort. YM155 is an imidazolium derivative originally discovered as a suppressant of survivin expression. It has been reported that YM155 has potent antiproliferative activity on a variety of human cancer cell lines; however, its effects in T-ALL cells have been underexplored. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of YM155 on p53-deficient T-ALL cell lines, JURKAT and CCRF-CEM. Resazurin dye was used to evaluate cell viability. Colony formation was observed in MethoCult methylcellulose medium. Apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry (annexin V labeling and TUNEL assay). Cell cycle analysis was carried out by DNA quantification in flow cytometry. DNA damage was assessed using a comet assay and the survivin expression profile was evaluated by real-time PCR and immunoblotting. YM155 treatment decreased cell viability and clonogenicity capacity of T-ALL cells, increased the apoptosis index and DNA damage, and altered the cell cycle dynamic, independent of survivin inhibition. Taken together, the data reinforce that YM155 may be useful as a therapeutic possibility to combat leukemia.
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Feng F, Wang B, Sun X, Zhu Y, Tang H, Nan G, Wang L, Wu B, Huhe M, Liu S, Diao T, Hou R, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Metuzumab enhanced chemosensitivity and apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:51-62. [PMID: 28055291 PMCID: PMC5323017 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1276126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapeutics is used as an alternative treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, treatment effect is far from being satisfactory, and therefore identification of new targets is needed. We have previously shown that metuzumab inhibit tumor growth in vivo. The present study was performed to investigate the anti-tumor efficacy of metuzumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GP), paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) or navelbine and cisplatin (NP) regimens in multiple NSCLC cell lines. Our results demonstrate that, in comparison to single agent metuzumab or GP treated cells, metuzumab combined with GP display inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Furthermore, we found that metuzumab elevated the sensitivity of cell lines to gemcitabine, which was identified by MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis showed that metuzumab combined with gemcitabine (GEM) treatment led to an obvious G1 arrest and an elevated apoptosis in A549, NCI-H460 and NCI-H520 cells. Western blot analysis also demonstrated a significantly reduced level of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and an obviously increase level of Bax and full-length caspase-3 in A549, NCI-H460 and NCI-H520 cells treated with metuzumab/gemcitabine combination in comparison with single agent treated cells. In addition, metuzumab/gemcitabine treated A549, NCI-H460 and NCI-H520 cells also demonstrated a significantly increase in deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) protein level compared with single agent metuzumab or gemcitabine treated cells. Xenograft models also demonstrated that this metuzumab/gemcitabine combination led to upregulation of dCK. Taken together, the mechanisms of metuzumab combined with GP repress tumor growth were that the combined treatment significantly inhibited the tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle in vitro and in vivo and at least partially by induction of dCK expression. Our results suggested that metuzumab could significantly enhance chemosensitivity of human NSCLC cells to gemcitabine. Metuzumab/gemcitabine combination treatment may be a potentially useful therapeutic regimen for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Feng
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Xiuxuan Sun
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- b Pacific Meinuoke Biopharmaceutical Company , Changzhou , P.R. China
| | - Gang Nan
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Muren Huhe
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Tengyue Diao
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Rong Hou
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- a National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine , Department of Cell Biology , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
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Lv G, Wu M, Wang M, Jiang X, Du J, Zhang K, Li D, Ma N, Peng Y, Wang L, Zhou L, Zhao W, Jiao Y, Gao X, Hu Z. miR-320a regulates high mobility group box 1 expression and inhibits invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2017; 37:1354-1364. [PMID: 28317284 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several studies have shown that miR-320a induces apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, and affects cell cycle progression as a tumour suppressor in many cancers. However, the involvement of miR-320a in the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. METHODS Endogenous miR-320a and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expressions were assayed by real-time PCR. Luciferase activities were measured using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system. Western blots were used to determine the protein expressions of HMGB1, MMP2, and MMP9. Invasion and metastasis of tumour cells were, respectively, evaluated by the transwell invasion assay and the wound healing assay. RESULTS The expression of miR-320a was significantly decreased in 24 of 32 (75%) HCC tissues and associated with the invasion and metastasis of HCC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HMGB1 was a direct target of miR-320a and there was a significant negative correlation between miR-320a and HMGB1 expression in HCC. Ectopic expression or inhibition of miR-320a potently regulated the invasion and metastasis of HCC cells in HMGB1-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that miR-320a was involved in the invasion and metastasis by targeting HMGB1 and had an anti-metastasis effect in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingjuan Wu
- Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Harbin, China
| | - Meijie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaochen Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingli Du
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yahui Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiming Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yufei Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Li X, Zhang G, Chen Q, Lin Y, Li J, Ruan Q, Chen Y, Yu G, Wan X. CD317 Promotes the survival of cancer cells through apoptosis-inducing factor. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:117. [PMID: 27444183 PMCID: PMC4957287 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low nutrient environment is a major obstacle to solid tumor growth. However, many tumors have developed adaptive mechanisms to circumvent the requirement for exogenous growth factors. METHODS Here we used siRNA interference or plasmid transfection techniques to knockdown or enhance CD317 expression respectively, in mammalian cancer cells, and subjected these CD317-manipulated cells to serum deprivation to study the role of CD317 on stress-induced apoptosis and the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We report that CD317, an innate immune gene overexpressed in human cancers, protected cancer cells against serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. In tumor cells, loss of CD317 markedly enhanced their susceptibility to serum deprivation-induced apoptosis with no effect on autophagy or caspase activation, indicating an autophagy- and caspase-independent mechanism of CD317 function. Importantly, CD317 knockdown in serum-deprived tumor cells impaired mitochondria function and subsequently promoted apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) release and nuclear translocation but had little effect on mitochondrial and cytoplasmic distributions of cytochrome C, a pro-apoptotic factor released from mitochondria that initiates caspase processing in response to death stimuli. Furthermore, overexpression of CD317 in HEK293T cells inhibits serum deprivation-induced apoptosis as well as the release and nuclear accumulation of AIF. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CD317 functions as an anti-apoptotic factor through the mitochondria-AIF axis in malnourished condition and may serve as a potential drug target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Division of Immunology, School of Fundamental Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhong Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxue Lin
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxin Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhai Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.,713 Stellar-Chance Laboratories, Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Guang Yu
- Division of Immunology, School of Fundamental Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China. .,Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen University Town, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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