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Del Puerto HL, Miranda APGS, Qutob D, Ferreira E, Silva FHS, Lima BM, Carvalho BA, Roque-Souza B, Gutseit E, Castro DC, Pozzolini ET, Duarte NO, Lopes TBG, Taborda DYO, Quirino SM, Elgerbi A, Choy JS, Underwood A. Clinical Correlation of Transcription Factor SOX3 in Cancer: Unveiling Its Role in Tumorigenesis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:777. [PMID: 38927713 PMCID: PMC11202618 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Members of the SOX (SRY-related HMG box) family of transcription factors are crucial for embryonic development and cell fate determination. This review investigates the role of SOX3 in cancer, as aberrations in SOX3 expression have been implicated in several cancers, including osteosarcoma, breast, esophageal, endometrial, ovarian, gastric, hepatocellular carcinomas, glioblastoma, and leukemia. These dysregulations modulate key cancer outcomes such as apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, cell cycle, and proliferation, contributing to cancer development. SOX3 exhibits varied expression patterns correlated with clinicopathological parameters in diverse tumor types. This review aims to elucidate the nuanced role of SOX3 in tumorigenesis, correlating its expression with clinical and pathological characteristics in cancer patients and cellular modelsBy providing a comprehensive exploration of SOX3 involvement in cancer, this review underscores the multifaceted role of SOX3 across distinct tumor types. The complexity uncovered in SOX3 function emphasizes the need for further research to unravel its full potential in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Lima Del Puerto
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Ana Paula G. S. Miranda
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Dinah Qutob
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University at Stark, North Canton, OH 44720, USA;
| | - Enio Ferreira
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Felipe H. S. Silva
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Bruna M. Lima
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Barbara A. Carvalho
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Bruna Roque-Souza
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Eduardo Gutseit
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Diego C. Castro
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Emanuele T. Pozzolini
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Nayara O. Duarte
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Thacyana B. G. Lopes
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Daiana Y. O. Taborda
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Stella M. Quirino
- Department of General Pathology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil (E.F.)
| | - Ahmed Elgerbi
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - John S. Choy
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - Adam Underwood
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Walsh University, North Canton, OH 44720, USA;
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Jiang J, Wang Y, Sun M, Luo X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li S, Hu D, Zhang J, Wu Z, Chen X, Zhang B, Xu X, Wang S, Xu S, Huang W, Xia L. SOX on tumors, a comfort or a constraint? Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:67. [PMID: 38331879 PMCID: PMC10853543 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The sex-determining region Y (SRY)-related high-mobility group (HMG) box (SOX) family, composed of 20 transcription factors, is a conserved family with a highly homologous HMG domain. Due to their crucial role in determining cell fate, the dysregulation of SOX family members is closely associated with tumorigenesis, including tumor invasion, metastasis, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness and drug resistance. Despite considerable research to investigate the mechanisms and functions of the SOX family, confusion remains regarding aspects such as the role of the SOX family in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and contradictory impacts the SOX family exerts on tumors. This review summarizes the physiological function of the SOX family and their multiple roles in tumors, with a focus on the relationship between the SOX family and TIME, aiming to propose their potential role in cancer and promising methods for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiangyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiaqian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhangfan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake university school of medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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Regulation of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Osteosarcoma. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020398. [PMID: 36830767 PMCID: PMC9953423 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that has been linked to the promotion of aggressive cellular features in many cancer types. It is characterized by the loss of the epithelial cell phenotype and a shift to a more mesenchymal phenotype and is accompanied by an associated change in cell markers. EMT is highly complex and regulated via multiple signaling pathways. While the importance of EMT is classically described for carcinomas-cancers of epithelial origin-it has also been clearly demonstrated in non-epithelial cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS), a primary bone cancer predominantly affecting children and young adults. Recent studies examining EMT in OS have highlighted regulatory roles for multiple proteins, non-coding nucleic acids, and components of the tumor micro-environment. This review serves to summarize these experimental findings, identify key families of regulatory molecules, and identify potential therapeutic targets specific to the EMT process in OS.
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Shao S, Piao L, Wang J, Guo L, Wang J, Wang L, Tong L, Yuan X, Han X, Fang S, Zhu J, Wang Y. Tspan9 Induces EMT and Promotes Osteosarcoma Metastasis via Activating FAK-Ras-ERK1/2 Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:774988. [PMID: 35280793 PMCID: PMC8906905 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.774988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Object At present, there are few effective treatment options available to patients suffering from osteosarcoma (OS). Clarifying the signaling pathways that govern OS oncogenesis may highlight novel approaches to treating this deadly form of cancer. Recent experimental evidence suggests that the transmembrane protein tetraspanin-9 (Tspan9) plays a role in tumor development. This study was thus formulated to assess the molecular role of Tspan9 as a regulator of OS cell metastasis. Methods Gene expression in OS cell lines was evaluated via qRT-PCR, while CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing assays were used to explore the in vitro proliferative, invasive, and migratory activities of OS cells. The relationship between Tspan9 and in vivo OS cell metastasis was assessed by injecting these cells into the tail vein of nude mice. Interactions between the Tspan9 and integrin β1 proteins were explored through mass spectrometric and co-immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting to assess the functional mechanisms whereby Tspan9 shapes OS pathogenesis. Results Both primary OS tumors and OS cell lines commonly exhibited Tspan9 upregulation, and the knockdown of this tetraspanin suppressed the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activity in OS cells, whereas Tspan9 overexpression resulted in opposite phenotypes. Tumor lung metastasis were significantly impaired in mice implanted with HOS cells in which Tspan9 was downregulated as compared to mice implanted with control HOS cells. Tspan9 was also found to interact with β1 integrin and to contribute to OS metastasis via the amplification of integrin-mediated downstream FAK/Ras/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusion These data suggest that Tspan9 can serve as a promising therapeutic target in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangsong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Luhui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Junke Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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5
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Advance of SOX Transcription Factors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Role, Tumor Immune Relevance to Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051165. [PMID: 35267473 PMCID: PMC8909699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest human health burdens worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism of HCC development is still not fully understood. Sex determining region Y-related high-mobility group box (SOX) transcription factors not only play pivotal roles in cell fate decisions during development but also participate in the initiation and progression of cancer. Given the significance of SOX factors in cancer and their ‘undruggable’ properties, we summarize the role and molecular mechanism of SOX family members in HCC and the regulatory effect of SOX factors in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of various cancers. For the first time, we analyze the association between the levels of SOX factors and that of immune components in HCC, providing clues to the pivotal role of SOX factors in the TIME of HCC. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges of targeting SOX factors for cancer. Abstract Sex determining region Y (SRY)-related high-mobility group (HMG) box (SOX) factors belong to an evolutionarily conserved family of transcription factors that play essential roles in cell fate decisions involving numerous developmental processes. In recent years, the significance of SOX factors in the initiation and progression of cancers has been gradually revealed, and they act as potential therapeutic targets for cancer. However, the research involving SOX factors is still preliminary, given that their effects in some leading-edge fields such as tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remain obscure. More importantly, as a class of ‘undruggable’ molecules, targeting SOX factors still face considerable challenges in achieving clinical translation. Here, we mainly focus on the roles and regulatory mechanisms of SOX family members in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the fatal human health burdens worldwide. We then detail the role of SOX members in remodeling TIME and analyze the association between SOX members and immune components in HCC for the first time. In addition, we emphasize several alternative strategies involved in the translational advances of SOX members in cancer. Finally, we discuss the alternative strategies of targeting SOX family for cancer and propose the opportunities and challenges they face based on the current accumulated studies and our understanding.
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6
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Pan C, Liang L, Wang Z, Zhang B, Li Q, Tian Y, Yu Y, Chen Z, Wang X, Liu H. Expression and significance of SOX B1 genes in glioblastoma multiforme patients. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:789-799. [PMID: 34953010 PMCID: PMC8817144 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients remains poor. To improve patient outcomes, effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for GBM are needed. In this study, we first applied bioinformatic analyses to identify biomarkers for GBM, focusing on SOX (sex‐determining region on the Y chromosome (SRY)‐related high mobility group (HMG) box) B1 family members. The ONCOMINE, GEPIA, LinkedOmics and CCLE databases were used to assess mRNA expression levels of the SOX B1 family members in different cancers and normal tissue. Further bioinformatic analysis was performed using the ONCOMINE database in combination with the LinkedOmics data set to identify the prognostic value of SOX B1 family members for GBM. We found mRNA expression levels of all tested SOX B1 genes were significantly increased in GBM. In the LinkedOmics database, increased expression of SOX3 indicated a better overall survival. In GEPIA databases, increased expression of all SOX B1 family members suggested an improved overall survival, but none of them were statistically different. Then, Transwell assays and wound healing were employed to evaluate the motility and invasive captivity of U251 cells when silencing SOX2 and SOX3. We found exogenous inhibition of SOX2 appeared to reduce the migration and invasion of U251 cells in vitro. Collectively, our research suggested that SOX2 might serve as a cancer‐promoting gene to identify high‐risk GBM patients, and SOX3 had the potential to be a prognostic biomarker for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyao Pan
- School of Public Health Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Liang
- School of Public Health Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zirou Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoyi Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qionglin Li
- School of Public Health Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingrui Tian
- School of Public Health Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yijing Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoli Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Public Health Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Shen J, Zhai J, Wu X, Xie G, Shen L. Serum proteome profiling reveals SOX3 as a candidate prognostic marker for gastric cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6750-6761. [PMID: 32363730 PMCID: PMC7299728 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Searching for the novel tumour biomarkers is pressing for gastric cancer diagnostication and prognostication. The serum specimens from patients diagnosed with locally advanced gastric carcinoma before operation and 4 week after surgery were collected, respectively, and serum proteome profiling was conducted by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Fifty‐five proteins were identified to be up‐regulated and 16 proteins were down‐regulated, and these differentially expressed proteins participated in various biological processes. Serum levels of SOX3, one of down‐regulated proteins, in stomach cancer patients were higher than in healthy controls. SOX3 levels in cancer tissues were remarkably related to tumour differentiation, lymph node metastasis, primary tumour invasion and pTNM (pathological TNM) stage. Analysis with The Cancer Genome Atlas database indicated that SOX3 level and pTNM stage were the independent risk factors for the patient survival and that the overall survival was negatively associated with the SOX3 levels. Loss‐of‐function showed that SOX3 promoted gastric cancer cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. SOX3 silence inhibits the expression of MMP9, and SOX3 is responsible for MMP9 expression transcriptionally. Our study highlights the potentiality of the paired pre‐ and post‐operation serum proteome signatures for the detection of biomarkers and reveals that SOX3 may serve as a candidate prognosis marker for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Shen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinqian Wu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guiping Xie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lizong Shen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Bhatia S, Monkman J, Blick T, Duijf PH, Nagaraj SH, Thompson EW. Multi-Omics Characterization of the Spontaneous Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition in the PMC42 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081253. [PMID: 31430931 PMCID: PMC6723942 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), encompassing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), are considered critical events for cancer metastasis. We investigated chromosomal heterogeneity and chromosomal instability (CIN) profiles of two sister PMC42 breast cancer (BC) cell lines to assess the relationship between their karyotypes and EMP phenotypic plasticity. Karyotyping by GTG banding and exome sequencing were aligned with SWATH quantitative proteomics and existing RNA-sequencing data from the two PMC42 cell lines; the mesenchymal, parental PMC42-ET cell line and the spontaneously epithelially shifted PMC42-LA daughter cell line. These morphologically distinct PMC42 cell lines were also compared with five other BC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM-159, T47D, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) for their expression of EMP and cell surface markers, and stemness and metabolic profiles. The findings suggest that the epithelially shifted cell line has a significantly altered ploidy of chromosomes 3 and 13, which is reflected in their transcriptomic and proteomic expression profiles. Loss of the TGFβR2 gene from chromosome 3 in the epithelial daughter cell line inhibits its EMT induction by TGF-β stimulus. Thus, integrative ‘omics’ characterization established that the PMC42 system is a relevant MET model and provides insights into the regulation of phenotypic plasticity in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Bhatia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - James Monkman
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Tony Blick
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Pascal Hg Duijf
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Shivashankar H Nagaraj
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
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9
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Marjanovic Vicentic J, Drakulic D, Garcia I, Vukovic V, Aldaz P, Puskas N, Nikolic I, Tasic G, Raicevic S, Garros-Regulez L, Sampron N, Atkinson MJ, Anastasov N, Matheu A, Stevanovic M. SOX3 can promote the malignant behavior of glioblastoma cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 42:41-54. [PMID: 30209685 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal adult brain tumor. Despite current therapeutic strategies, including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the median survival of glioblastoma patients is 15 months. The development of this tumor depends on a sub-population of glioblastoma stem cells governing tumor propagation and therapy resistance. SOX3 plays a role in both normal neural development and carcinogenesis. However, little is known about its role in glioblastoma. Thus, the aim of this work was to elucidate the role of SOX3 in glioblastoma. METHODS SOX3 expression was assessed using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. MTT, immunocytochemistry and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the effects of exogenous SOX3 overexpression on the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells, respectively. The expression of Hedgehog signaling pathway components and autophagy markers was assessed using RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses, respectively. RESULTS Higher levels of SOX3 expression were detected in a subset of primary glioblastoma samples compared to those in non-tumoral brain tissues. Exogenous overexpression of this gene was found to increase the proliferation, viability, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells. We also found that SOX3 up-regulation was accompanied by an enhanced activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway and by suppression of autophagy in glioblastoma cells. Additionally, we found that SOX3 expression was elevated in patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells, as well as in oncospheres derived from glioblastoma cell lines, compared to their differentiated counterparts, implying that SOX3 expression is associated with the undifferentiated state of glioblastoma cells. CONCLUSION From our data we conclude that SOX3 can promote the malignant behavior of glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Marjanovic Vicentic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Drakulic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Idoia Garcia
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vladanka Vukovic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paula Aldaz
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nela Puskas
- Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Ð. Kostić", School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Nikolic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Tasic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Savo Raicevic
- Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic for Neurosurgery, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Laura Garros-Regulez
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Nicolas Sampron
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain.,Neuro-oncology Tumor Board, Donostia Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Natasa Anastasov
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain.,Neuro-oncology Tumor Board, Donostia Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Milena Stevanovic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
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