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Jeon S, Jeong P, Kang H, Kim MJ, Yun JH, Lim KS, Song B, Kim S, Cho S, Sim B. NEK2 plays an essential role in porcine embryonic development by maintaining mitotic division and DNA damage response via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13626. [PMID: 38426218 PMCID: PMC11294417 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates mitosis and plays pivotal roles in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. However, its function in porcine embryonic development is unknown. In this study, we used an NEK2-specific inhibitor, JH295 (JH), to investigate the role of NEK2 in embryonic development and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Inhibition of NEK2 after parthenogenesis activation or in vitro fertilization significantly reduced the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation, the numbers of trophectoderm and total cells and the cellular survival rate compared with the control condition. NEK2 inhibition delayed cell cycle progression at all stages from interphase to cytokinesis during the first mitotic division; it caused abnormal nuclear morphology in two- and four-cell stage embryos. Additionally, NEK2 inhibition significantly increased DNA damage and apoptosis, and it altered the expression levels of DNA damage repair- and apoptosis-related genes. Intriguingly, NEK2 inhibition downregulated the expression of β-catenin and its downstream target genes. To validate the relationship between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and NEK2 during porcine embryonic development, we cultured porcine embryos in JH-treated medium with or without CHIR99021, a Wnt activator. CHIR99021 co-treatment strongly restored the developmental parameters reduced by NEK2 inhibition to control levels. Our findings suggest that NEK2 plays an essential role in porcine embryonic development by regulating DNA damage repair and normal mitotic division via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se‐Been Jeon
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryangRepublic of Korea
| | - Pil‐Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyo‐Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life ScienceChungnam National UniversityDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources & Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryangRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Yun
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
- Department of Animal BioScience, School of Animal Life ConvergenceHankyong National UniversityAnsungRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Bong‐Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
- Department of Functional GenomicsUniversity of Science and TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Seong‐Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute (RICRI), College of Natural Resources & Life SciencePusan National UniversityMiryangRepublic of Korea
| | - Bo‐Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC)Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)CheongjuRepublic of Korea
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Aquino-Acevedo AN, Orengo-Orengo JA, Cruz-Robles ME, Saavedra HI. Mitotic kinases are emerging therapeutic targets against metastatic breast cancer. Cell Div 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 38886738 PMCID: PMC11184769 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-024-00125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to outline mitotic kinase inhibitors' roles as potential therapeutic targets and assess their suitability as a stand-alone clinical therapy or in combination with standard treatments for advanced-stage solid tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Breast cancer poses a significant global health risk, with TNBC standing out as the most aggressive subtype. Comprehending the role of mitosis is crucial for understanding how TNBC advances from a solid tumor to metastasis. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment used to treat TNBC. Some types of chemotherapeutic agents target cells in mitosis, thus highlighting the need to comprehend the molecular mechanisms governing mitosis in cancer. This understanding is essential for devising targeted therapies to disrupt these mitotic processes, prevent or treat metastasis, and improve patient outcomes. Mitotic kinases like Aurora kinase A, Aurora Kinase B, never in mitosis gene A-related kinase 2, Threonine-Tyrosine kinase, and Polo-kinase 1 significantly impact cell cycle progression by contributing to chromosome separation and centrosome homeostasis. When these kinases go awry, they can trigger chromosome instability, increase cell proliferation, and activate different molecular pathways that culminate in a transition from epithelial to mesenchymal cells. Ongoing clinical trials investigate various mitotic kinase inhibitors as potential biological treatments against advanced solid tumors. While clinical trials against mitotic kinases have shown some promise in the clinic, more investigation is necessary, since they induce severe adverse effects, particularly affecting the hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Aquino-Acevedo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 388 Luis Salas Zona Industrial Reparada 2, P.O. Box 7004, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2347, USA
| | - Joel A Orengo-Orengo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 388 Luis Salas Zona Industrial Reparada 2, P.O. Box 7004, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2347, USA
| | - Melanie E Cruz-Robles
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 388 Luis Salas Zona Industrial Reparada 2, P.O. Box 7004, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2347, USA
| | - Harold I Saavedra
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Ponce Research Institute, 388 Luis Salas Zona Industrial Reparada 2, P.O. Box 7004, Ponce, Puerto Rico, 00716-2347, USA.
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Gu S, Yasen Y, Wang M, Huang B, Zhou Y, Wang W. NEK2 promotes the migration, invasion, proliferation of ESCC and mediates ESCC immunotherapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29682. [PMID: 38707418 PMCID: PMC11066149 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a disease with a high incidence rate and high mortality worldwide. The Never in Mitosis A (NIMA) family member NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) plays an important role in mitosis. However, the role of NEK2 in the pathogenesis of ESCC remains unclear. Patients and methods The expression and function of NEK2 in TCGA and GEO data sets were analyzed by bioinformatics. We verified the expression of NEK2 in ESCC tissues and cell lines by Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods and further explored the relationship between tumor stage and NEK2 expression. The differences in NEK2 expression and survival in patients with EC were verified by bioinformatics analysis. ESCC cell lines with stable knockdown of NEK2 were established by lentivirus-mediated shRNA delivery. The effects of NEK2 on ESCC cells were analyzed on the cytological level with assays including CCK-8, EdU, cell scratch, Transwell migration and invasion, colony formation, flow cytometry and apoptosis assays. Tumor growth was measured in a mouse xenograft model. Results We found that NEK2 is highly expressed in ESCC tissues and ESCC cells and that the high expression of NEK2 is associated with poor tumor healing. Knockdown of the NEK2 gene inhibits the migration, proliferation, invasion and cell cycle of ESCC cells. Biologic analysis shows that NEK2 is involved in biological processes such as progression and apoptosis of esophageal cancer, and is related to E2F.Mechanistically, NEK2 knockdown decreases the expression levels of E2F1 and IGF2. NEK2 competes with the transcription factor E2F1 to bind CDC20, resulting in decreased degradation and increased expression of E2F1. IGF2 expression is also increased, which promotes the expression of thymidylate synthase, further promoting the drug resistance of ESCC cells. NEK2 is associated with immune infiltration in esophageal cancer. Conclusion NEK2 is highly expressed in ESCC and can promote the migration, proliferation and invasion of ESCC cells. NEK2 mediates ESCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorui Gu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated With Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
| | - YakuFujiang Yasen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated With Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Baiqing Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated With Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated With Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated With Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China
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Khade OS, Sasidharan S, Jain A, Maradani BS, Chatterjee A, Gopal D, Ravi Kumar RK, Krishnakumar S, Pandey A, Janakiraman N, Elchuri SV, Gundimeda S. Identification of dysregulation of sphingolipids in retinoblastoma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109798. [PMID: 38246332 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a rare ocular cancer seen in children that counts for approximately 3% of all childhood cancers. It is found that mutation in RB1, a tumour Suppressor Gene on chromosome 13 as the cause of malignancy. Retinoblastoma protein is the target for ceramide to cause apoptosis. We studied lipidomics of two RB cell lines, one aggressive cell line (NCC-RbC-51) derived from a metastatic site and one non aggressive cell line (WERI-Rb1) in comparison with a control cell line (MIO-M1). Lipid profiles of all the cell lines were studied using high resolution mass spectrometer coupled to high performance liquid chromatography. Data acquired from all the three cell lines in positive mode were analyzed to identify differentially expressed metabolites. Several phospholipids and lysophospholipids were found to be dysregulated. We observed upregulation of hexosyl ceramides, and down regulation of dihydroceramides and higher order sphingoglycolipids hinting at a hindered sphingolipid biosynthesis. The results obtained from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry are validated by using qPCR and it was observed that genes involved in ceramide biosynthesis pathway are getting down regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Surendra Khade
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sruthy Sasidharan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Amit Chatterjee
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Divya Gopal
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | | | - Subramaniyan Krishnakumar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India; Department of Histopathology, Radheshyam Stem Cell Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Centre for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Narayanan Janakiraman
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Sailaja V Elchuri
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.
| | - Seetaramanjaneyulu Gundimeda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Kasoha M, Steinbach AK, Bohle RM, Linxweiler B, Haj Hamoud B, Doerk M, Nigdelis MP, Stotz L, Zimmermann JSM, Solomayer EF, Kaya AC, Radosa JC. Dkk1 as a Prognostic Marker for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:419. [PMID: 38254908 PMCID: PMC10814026 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of Dkk1 as a predictor of response to NACT in BC patients. METHODS This retrospective monocentric study included 145 women who had undergone NACT followed by breast surgery. Dkk1 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry staining in core needle biopsies and mammary carcinoma specimens. RESULTS Dkk1 levels were lower in treated BC tumours than in untreated tumours. The outcomes of 68 matched pre- and post-therapy tissues showed that Dkk1 levels in mammary carcinoma tissues were significantly predicted by levels in core needle biopsies and that Dkk1 expression was reduced in 83% of cases. Smaller cT stage, positive Her2 expression, and decreased Dkk1-IRS in core needle biopsy tissues were all independent predictors of regression grade (R4), according to Sinn. However, the percentage of Dkk1 expression differences prior to and following NACT had no effect on PFS or OS. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that Dkk1 could be identified as an independent predictor of NACT response in BC patients, particularly those with TNBC. Further research with a multicentric expanded (pre-/post-therapy) sample set and better-defined populations in terms of molecular subtypes, therapy modality, and long-term follow-up is recommended to obtain more solid evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariz Kasoha
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Anna K. Steinbach
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Rainer M. Bohle
- Institute of General and Surgical Pathology, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Barbara Linxweiler
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Bashar Haj Hamoud
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Merle Doerk
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Meletios P. Nigdelis
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Lisa Stotz
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Julia S. M. Zimmermann
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Askin C. Kaya
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Julia C. Radosa
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (A.K.S.); (B.L.); (B.H.H.); (M.P.N.); (L.S.); (J.S.M.Z.); (E.-F.S.); (A.C.K.); (J.C.R.)
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Liu L, Zhao WY, Zheng XY. ZNF746 promotes M2 macrophage polarisation and favours tumour progression in breast cancer via the Jagged1/Notch pathway. Cell Signal 2023; 112:110892. [PMID: 37730102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major threat to women's health. BC is a heterogeneous disease and treatment strategies and outcomes differ between subtypes. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of BC will help to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop new therapies. Here we report that zinc finger protein 746 (ZNF746), a Krüppel-associated box and zinc finger protein, exhibits tumour-promoting properties in BC. Functional experiments (cell growth, colony formation, cell cycle analysis, and transwell analysis) were used to evaluate the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of BC cells. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of ZNF746, CD163 (M2 macrophage marker), and HES1 (Notch target) in BC tissues. ZNF746 was highly expressed in BC tissues compared to adjacent paired non-tumour tissues. Patients with M1 BC had higher expression of ZNF746 compared to patients with non-metastatic (M0) BC, and higher expression of ZNF746 was associated with poorer overall survival. The immunohistochemical results showed a positive correlation between the expression of ZNF746 and the expression of CD163 or HES1. ZNF746 promoted BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased the expression of molecules essential for monocyte recruitment and differentiation (CCL2 and CSF1). Furthermore, THP-1 monocytes cultured in the conditioned medium derived from BC cells overexpressing ZNF746 exhibited enhanced M2 polarisation. In contrast, ZNF746 knockdown reduced BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppressed M2 polarisation. Mechanistically, ZNF746 promoted the activation of the Jagged1/Notch pathway, and the Jagged1 siRNA-mediated blockade of this pathway prevented the tumour-promoting functions of ZNF746. In conclusion, this study uncovers the role of ZNF746 in promoting M2 macrophage polarisation and suggests that ZNF746 may be a promising therapeutic target for limiting BC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wen-Yue Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Hashemi M, Hasani S, Hajimazdarany S, Ghadyani F, Olyaee Y, Khodadadi M, Ziyarani MF, Dehghanpour A, Salehi H, Kakavand A, Goharrizi MASB, Aref AR, Salimimoghadam S, Akbari ME, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K, Entezari M. Biological functions and molecular interactions of Wnt/β-catenin in breast cancer: Revisiting signaling networks. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123377. [PMID: 36702226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Changes in lifestyle such as physical activity and eating habits have been one of the main reasons for development of various diseases in modern world, especially cancer. However, role of genetic factors in initiation of cancer cannot be ignored and Wnt/β-catenin signaling is such factor that can affect tumor progression. Breast tumor is the most malignant tumor in females and it causes high mortality and morbidity around the world. The survival and prognosis of patients are not still desirable, although there have been advances in introducing new kinds of therapies and diagnosis. The present review provides an update of Wnt/β-catenin function in breast cancer malignancy. The upregulation of Wnt is commonly observed during progression of breast tumor and confirms that tumor cells are dependent on this pathway Wnt/β-catenin induction prevents apoptosis that is of importance for mediating drug resistance. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling induces DNA damage repair in ameliorating radio-resistance. Wnt/β-catenin enhances proliferation and metastasis of breast tumor. Wnt/β-catenin induces EMT and elevates MMP expression. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin participates in tumor microenvironment remodeling and due to its tumor-promoting factor, drugs for its suppression have been developed. Different kinds of upstream mediators Wnt/β-catenin signaling in breast cancer have been recognized that their targeting is a therapeutic approach. Finally, Wnt/β-catenin can be considered as a biomarker in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Hasani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Olyaee
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Khodadadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fallah Ziyarani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Dehghanpour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasti Salehi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Zhao Z, Han X, Nie C, Lin S, Wang J, Fang H. Circ_0008784 activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway to affect the proliferation and apoptosis of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154185. [PMID: 36436315 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), as a subtype of breast tumors with aggressive nature, threatens the health of females across the globe. It's urgent to explore novel therapeutic targets for the improvement of TNBC treatments. Bioinformatics was used to identify circular RNA (circRNA) differentially expressed in TNBC tissues. The circular structure and expression in TNBC cells was subjected to analysis of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and PCR-agarose gel electrophoresis. Functional experiments and qPCR assays were carried out to probe the biological functions of circ_0008784 and microRNA-506-3p (miR-506-3p). It was verified by the assays that circ_0008784 propels proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of TNBC cells; and miR-506-3p was found to suppress proliferation and facilitate apoptosis of TNBC cells. TOP/FOP-Flash reporter, luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pulldown and rescue assays were implemented for exploring the underlying mechanisms of circ_0008784. It was found that circ_0008784 regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and augments TNBC cell progression via sponging miR-506-3p to modulate catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1). Circ_0008784 activates Wnt/β-catenin pathway to affect the proliferation and apoptosis of TNBC cells. Elucidating the mechanism of circ_0008784 underlying TNBC is of great significance to TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhao
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Nie
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Fang
- Department of Mammary Gland, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China.
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9
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Langlois-Lemay L, D’Amours D. Moonlighting at the Poles: Non-Canonical Functions of Centrosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:930355. [PMID: 35912107 PMCID: PMC9329689 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.930355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are best known as the microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) of eukaryotic cells. In addition to their classic role in chromosome segregation, centrosomes play diverse roles unrelated to their MTOC activity during cell proliferation and quiescence. Metazoan centrosomes and their functional doppelgängers from lower eukaryotes, the spindle pole bodies (SPBs), act as important structural platforms that orchestrate signaling events essential for cell cycle progression, cellular responses to DNA damage, sensory reception and cell homeostasis. Here, we provide a critical overview of the unconventional and often overlooked roles of centrosomes/SPBs in the life cycle of eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Langlois-Lemay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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Su W, Hu H, Ding Q, Wang M, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Geng Z, Lin S, Zhou P. NEK2 promotes the migration and proliferation of ESCC via stabilization of YAP1 by phosphorylation at Thr-143. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:87. [PMID: 35705994 PMCID: PMC9199137 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) was characterized as a regional-prevalent and aggressive tumor with high morbidity and mortality. NIMA-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is an interesting oncogene, the alteration of which leads to patients-beneficial outcomes. We aimed to explore the role of NEK2 in ESCC and excavate its mechanism. METHODS RNA-seq data were downloaded from TCGA and GEO and analyzed by R software. The protein levels were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or western blot (WB), and mRNA expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The in vitro role of proliferation and migration was detected by Transwell migration assay and by colony formation assay, respectively. The in vivo roles were explored using a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model, where immunofluorescence (IF) and IHC were employed to investigate expression and localization. The interaction between proteins was detected by immunoprecipitation. The stability of proteins was measured by WB in the presence of cycloheximide. RESULTS A higher level of NEK2 was found in ESCC than normal esophageal epithelia in GEO, TCGA, and tissue microarray, which was associated with worse prognoses. The NEK2 knockdown impaired the proliferation and migration of ESCC, which also downregulated YAP1 and EMT markers like N-cadherin and Vimentin in vitro. On the contrary, NEK2 overexpression enhanced the migration of ESCC and elevated the levels of YAP1, N-cadherin, and Vimentin. Additionally, the overexpression of YAP1 in NEK2 knocked down ESCCs partly rescued the corresponding decrease in migration. The knockdown of NEK2 played an anti-tumor role in vivo and was accompanied by a lower level and nucleus shuffling of YAP1. In mechanism, NEK2 interacted with YAP1 and increased the stability of both endogenous and exogenous YAP1 by preventing ubiquitination. Moreover, the computer-predicted phosphorylation site of YAP1, Thr-143, reduced the ubiquitination of HA-YAP1, strengthened its stability, and thus influenced the migration in vitro. CONCLUSIONS NEK2 is a prognostic oncogene highly expressed in ESCC and promotes the progression of ESCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, NEK2-mediated phosphorylation of YAP1 at Thr-143 protects it from proteasome degradation and might serve as a promising therapeutic target in ESCC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Su
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qiurong Ding
- Institute of Nutrition Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhaochao Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shengli Lin
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Endoscopy Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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11
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Huang X, Zhang G, Tang T, Gao X, Liang T. One shoot, three birds: Targeting NEK2 orchestrates chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188696. [PMID: 35157980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Combinational therapy has improved the cancer therapeutic landscape but is associated with a concomitant increase in adverse side reactions. Emerging evidence proposes that targeting one core target with multiple critical roles in tumors can achieve combined anti-tumor effects. This review focuses on NEK2, a member of serine/threonine kinases, with broad sequence identity to the mitotic regulator NIMA of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Elevated expression of NEK2 was initially found to promote tumorigeneses through abnormal regulation of the cell cycle. Subsequent studies report that NEK2 is overexpressed in a broad spectrum of tumor types and is associated with tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Intriguingly, NEK2 has recently been revealed to mediate tumor immune escape by stabilizing the expression of PD-L1. Targeting NEK2 is thus becoming a promising approach for cancer treatment by orchestrating chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. It represents a novel strategy for inducing combined anti-cancer effects using a mono-agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China; The Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Molecular Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Emerging Therapies for Chemotherapy Resistant TNBC. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031665. [PMID: 35163586 PMCID: PMC8836182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with high recurrence rates, high incidence of distant metastases, and poor overall survival (OS). Taxane and anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (CT) is currently the main systemic treatment option for TNBC, while platinum-based chemotherapy showed promising results in the neoadjuvant and metastatic settings. An early arising of intrinsic or acquired CT resistance is common and represents the main hurdle for successful TNBC treatment. Numerous mechanisms were uncovered that can lead to the development of chemoresistance. These include cancer stem cells (CSCs) induction after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, hypoxia and avoidance of apoptosis, single factors such as tyrosine kinase receptors (EGFR, IGFR1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), and a few pathological molecular pathways. Some biomarkers capable of predicting resistance to specific chemotherapeutic agents were identified and are expected to be validated in future studies for a more accurate selection of drugs to be employed and for a more tailored approach, both in neoadjuvant and advanced settings. Recently, based on specific biomarkers, some therapies were tailored to TNBC subsets and became available in clinical practice: olaparib and talazoparib for BRCA1/2 germline mutation carriers larotrectinib and entrectinib for neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusion carriers, and anti-trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) antibody drug conjugate therapy for heavily pretreated metastatic TNBC (mTNBC). Further therapies targeting some pathologic molecular pathways, apoptosis, miRNAS, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), and androgen receptor (AR) are under investigation. Among them, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and EGFR inhibitors as well as antiandrogens showed promising results and are under evaluation in Phase II/III clinical trials. Emerging therapies allow to select specific antiblastics that alone or by integrating the conventional therapeutic approach may overcome/hinder chemoresistance.
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13
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Subhan MA. Advances with metal oxide-based nanoparticles as MDR metastatic breast cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32956-32978. [PMID: 36425155 PMCID: PMC9670683 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02005j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles have attracted increased attention due to their emerging applications in cancer detection and therapy. This study envisioned to highlight the great potential of metal oxide NPs due to their interesting properties including high payload, response to magnetic field, affluence of surface modification to overcome biological barriers, and biocompatibility. Mammogram, ultrasound, X-ray computed tomography (CT), MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), optical or fluorescence imaging are used for breast imaging. Drug-loaded metal oxide nanoparticle delivered to the breast cancer cells leads to higher drug uptake. Thus, enhanced the cytotoxicity to target cells compared to free drug. The drug loaded metal oxide nanoparticle formulations hold great promise to enhance efficacy of breast cancer therapy including multidrug resistant (MDR) and metastatic breast cancers. Various metal oxides including magnetic metal oxides and magnetosomes are of current interests to explore cancer drug delivery and diagnostic efficacy especially for metastatic breast cancer. Metal oxide-based nanocarrier formulations are promising for their usage in drug delivery and release to breast cancer cells, cancer diagnosis and their clinical translations. Biomarker targeted therapy approaches for TNBC using metal oxide-based NPs are highly effective and promising.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
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14
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Raut D, Vora A, Bhatt LK. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway in breast cancer therapy: a pre-clinical perspective of its targeting for clinical translation. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 22:97-114. [PMID: 34927527 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2016398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite various treatments available, there is still a high mortality rate in breast cancer patients. Thus, there exists an unmet need for new therapeutic interventions. Studies show that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in breast cancer metastasis because of its transcriptional control on epithelial to mesenchymal transition. AREAS COVERED This comprehensive review explores the Wnt signaling pathway as a potential target for treating breast cancer and other breast cancer subtypes. We discuss the Wnt signaling pathway, its role in breast cancer metastasis, and its effect on breast cancer stem cells. Further, endogenous agents that cause Wnt pathway inactivation are outlined. Finally, various natural and chemical compounds modulating the Wnt pathway used in pre-clinical or clinical trials for breast cancer treatment are discussed. EXPERT OPINION In vitro and in vivo studies indicate an immense potential of agents targeting the Wnt signaling pathway to prevent and manage breast cancer. Still, more clinical studies are required to support their use in humans. Apart from the agents already in clinical trials, several drug combinations discussed may be translated into clinical practice in a few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezaree Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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15
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Yuan Y, Guo M, Gu C, Yang Y. The role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma (review). Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:9932-9949. [PMID: 34650674 PMCID: PMC8507016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a refractory hematological malignancy characterized by aberrant accumulation of plasma cells. Patients with MM are susceptible to becoming resistant to chemotherapy, eventually leading to relapse. Progression of MM is largely dependent on the bone marrow microenvironment. Stromal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment secrete Wnt ligands to activate Wnt signaling in MM, which is mediated through the transcription regulator β-catenin. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin pathway encourages osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, dysregulation of which is responsible for proliferation and drug resistance of MM cells. As a result, direct inhibition or silencing of β-catenin or associated genes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been proposed to be an effective therapeutic anti-MM strategy. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MM remains to be fully elucidated. Herein, we summarized research advances on the specific genes and molecular biology process of Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in tumorigenesis of MM, as well as the interaction with bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, comprehensive summaries of drugs or small molecule inhibitors acting on Wnt/β-catenin pathway and targeting MM were introduced. This review intends to provide an overview of theoretical supports for novel Wnt/β-catenin pathway based treatment strategies in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Yuan
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Archana Vasuki K, Jemmy Christy H, Chandramohan V, Anand DA. Study of mangal based naphthoquinone derivatives anticancer potential towards chemo-resistance related Never in mitosis gene A-related kinase 2-Insilico approach. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1948545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Archana Vasuki
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-, India
| | - H. Jemmy Christy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-, India
| | - Vivek Chandramohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India
| | - Daniel Alex Anand
- Department of Bioinformatics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-, India
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17
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Qayoom H, Wani NA, Alshehri B, Mir MA. An insight into the cancer stem cell survival pathways involved in chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2021; 17:4185-4206. [PMID: 34342489 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most complex, aggressive and fatal subtype of breast cancer. Owing to the lack of targeted therapy and heterogenic nature of TNBC, chemotherapy remains the sole treatment option for TNBC, with taxanes and anthracyclines representing the general chemotherapeutic regimen in TNBC therapy. But unfortunately, patients develop resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic regimen, resulting in approximately 90% treatment failure. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are one of the major causes for the development of chemoresistance in TNBC patients. After surviving the chemotherapy damage, the presence of BCSCs results in relapse and recurrence of TNBC. Several pathways are known to regulate BCSCs' survival, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, JAK/STAT and HIPPO pathways. Therefore it is imperative to target these pathways in the context of eliminating chemoresistance. In this review we will discuss the novel strategies and various preclinical and clinical studies to give an insight into overcoming TNBC chemoresistance. We present a detailed account of recent studies carried out that open an exciting perspective in relation to the mechanisms of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Qayoom
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India
| | - Nissar A Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir Nunar Ganderbal 191201, J&K, India
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, KSA
| | - Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, J&K, India
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Kaleem M, Perwaiz M, Nur SM, Abdulrahman AO, Ahmad W, Al-Abbasi FA, Kumar V, Kamal MA, Anwar F. Epigenetics of Triple-negative breast cancer via natural compounds. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1436-1458. [PMID: 34238140 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210707165530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly resistant, lethal, and metastatic sub-division of breast carcinoma, characterized by the deficiency of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In women, TNBC shows a higher aggressive behavior with poor patient prognosis and a higher recurrence rate during reproductive age. TNBC is defined by the presence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), which shows a significant role in cancer progression. At the epigenetic level, TNBC is characterized by epigenetic signatures, such as DNA methylation, histone remodeling, and a host of miRNA, MiR-193, LncRNA, HIF-2α, eEF2K, LIN9/NEK2, IMP3, LISCH7/TGF-β1, GD3s and KLK12 mediated regulation. These modifications either are silenced or activate the necessary genes that are prevalent in TNBC. The review is based on epigenetic mediated mechanistic changes in TNBC. Furthermore, Thymoquinone (TQ), Regorafenib, Fangjihuangqi decoction, Saikosaponin A, and Huaier, etc., are potent antitumor natural compounds extensively reported in the literature. Further, the review emphasizes the role of these natural compounds in TNBC and their possible epigenetic targets, which can be utilized as a potential therapeutic strategy in treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Perwaiz
- Department of Sciences, University of Toronto. Mississauga. Canada
| | - Suza Mohammad Nur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Kuliyate Tib, National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalya, Bengaluru, India
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences. SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Lin Y, Lin F, Anuchapreeda S, Chaiwongsa R, Duangmano S, Ran B, Pornprasert S. Effect of miR-133b on progression and cisplatin resistance of triple-negative breast cancer through FGFR1-Wnt-β-catenin axis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:5969-5984. [PMID: 34306338 PMCID: PMC8290659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a type of breast cancer that has relatively strong invasiveness, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) seriously affects the survival of patients. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to exert a prominent regulatory effect on the disease, among which miR-133b is reported to be involved in the pathological mechanism of breast cancer, but its role in TNBC remains unclear. METHODS In this study, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting (WB) were performed for detecting the expressions of miR-133b, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), and Wingless/Integrated (Wnt)-β-catenin pathway markers (Wnt1, β-catenin, nuclear-β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, GSK-3β, cyclinD1, and FOXQ1). With TNBC cells and DDP-resistant TNBC cells (TNBC/DDP cells) used as research objects, their proliferation and apoptosis were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and Flow cytometry, respectively. Then, the targeted relationship between miR-133b and FGFR1 was verified by Dual luciferase reporter gene assay (DLRGA). RESULTS In our study, miR-133b was down-regulated while FGFR1 up-regulated in TNBC. The ectopic expression of miR-133b remarkably inhibited the proliferation and colony formation but induced apoptosis of TNBC cells, and inactivated the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. The knockdown of FGFR1 had similar effects. Additionally, miR-133b targeted and negatively regulated FGFR1. Up-regulating miR-133b or down-regulating FGFR1 could enhance the proliferation and DDP sensitivity of TNBC cells or TNBC/DDP cells. Up-regulating FGFR1 could offset the anti-TNBC cell survival and DDP sensitization shown by ectopic expression of miR-133b. CONCLUSION To sum up, miR-133b can inhibit the growth and DDP resistance of TNBC cells by targeting FGFR1 and inactivating the Wnt-β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Institute for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Fengkang Lin
- Institute for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Rujirek Chaiwongsa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwit Duangmano
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Bing Ran
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 646000, China
| | - Sakorn Pornprasert
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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20
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Changes in Tumor Stem Cell Markers and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Nonluminal Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Their Correlation with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3869538. [PMID: 33282946 PMCID: PMC7685800 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3869538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonluminal breast cancer has high early metastasis and treatment resistance, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is needed. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSC) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leads to poor prognosis. This study investigated the changes in CSC markers and EMT markers after NAC in nonluminal breast cancer and their correlation with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features and chemotherapy efficacy. Before NAC, the range of nonluminal breast cancer on CEUS was larger than that of two-dimensional ultrasound, but after NAC, it was significantly smaller than that of two-dimensional ultrasound and closer to the postoperative pathological size. After NAC, the enlarged lesions and perfusion defects were significantly less than those before NAC. The time-intensity curve showed the characteristics of slow-in, low enhancement, and low perfusion. Nonluminal breast cancer downregulated the expression of CSC markers and EMT markers after NAC, but the epithelial phenotype of nonluminal breast cancer with good response to chemotherapy was upregulated. In nonluminal breast cancer with poor response to chemotherapy, markers of CSC and EMT were highly expressed before chemotherapy. In conclusion, CEUS is better than conventional ultrasound in estimating NAC efficacy in this mode. CEUS can also predict the prognosis of nonluminal breast cancer before NAC with the characteristics of enhanced enlargement and perfusion defects. The contrast-enhanced time-intensity curve of lesions with relatively poor blood supply may have more CSC and EMT characteristics.
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Wan H, Xu L, Zhang H, Wu F, Zeng W, Li T. High expression of NEK2 promotes gastric cancer progression via activating AKT signaling. J Physiol Biochem 2020; 77:25-34. [PMID: 33201407 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-020-00776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Never in mitosis gene A-related kinase 2 (NEK2) has been recognized as an oncogene involved in the initiation and progression of various human cancers. However, our knowledge is still lacking in regard to the function of NEK2 in gastric cancer, the most common cancer in Eastern Asia associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the association of NEK2 with gastric cancer. We found that the development of gastric cancer is associated with NEK2 overexpression, particularly in patients with large tumor size and lymph node metastasis. We also provided evidence that NEK2 overexpression binds to and inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which subsequently activates AKT and the downstream oncogenic pathways. As a result, via AKT/HIF1α axis, the glucose metabolism is reprogrammed towards aerobic glycolysis to provide rapid energy for the growth of gastric cancer cells. Moreover, the autophagic activity is suppressed via AKT/mTOR axis, leading to impaired response to cancer treatment and enhanced cell survival. In contrast, inactivating AKT by NEK2 silencing decreases aerobic glycolysis and promotes autophagic cell death, which eventually inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cell. All these results revealed that NEK2 promotes gastric cancer progression via activating AKT-mediated signaling pathways, which expanded our knowledge on gastric cancer pathogenesis and also provided novel target for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huangbin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feixiang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weiqiang Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Taiyuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Koni M, Pinnarò V, Brizzi MF. The Wnt Signalling Pathway: A Tailored Target in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7697. [PMID: 33080952 PMCID: PMC7589708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest public health challenges. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 9.6 million cancer deaths have been reported in 2018. The most common cancers include lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, skin (non-melanoma) and stomach cancer. The unbalance of physiological signalling pathways due to the acquisition of mutations in tumour cells is considered the most common cancer driver. The Wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis in all animal species and its dysregulation is one of the most relevant events linked to cancer development and dissemination. The canonical and the non-canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathways are known to control both physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. Herein, the impact of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in driving cancers from different origin has been examined. Finally, based on the impact of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) on tumour growth, invasion and chemoresistance, and their role as tumour diagnostic and prognostic tools, an overview of the current knowledge linking EVs to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.K.); (V.P.)
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Tang D, Ma J, Chu Z, Wang X, Zhao W, Zhang Q. Apatinib-induced NF-κB inactivation sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to doxorubicin. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3741-3753. [PMID: 32774731 PMCID: PMC7407711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to doxorubicin (DOX) is a major clinical challenge in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is highly diverse in different patients with variable outcomes. Apatinib is a new antiangiogenic agent, which has been reported to induce apoptosis. Nevertheless, the potential role and underlying mechanisms of apatinib in reversing DOX resistance of TNBC remain unknown. This work aims to evaluate the effects of apatinib on improving the sensitivity of TNBC cells to DOX and its underlying molecular basis. Our data indicate that apatinib treatment sensitizes DOX-resistant breast cancer cells to DOX, which is accompanied by significantly increased apoptosis. Additionally, this increased induction of apoptosis is associated with an enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Importantly, it was found that followed by DOX treatment, apatinib could inhibit NF-κB signaling pathways, which have been validated to increase ROS production and reverse DOX resistance. Moreover, our in vivo results indicate the combination of DOX and apatinib exerted increased antitumor effects on TNBC cell xenograft models. Taken together, our study suggests that apatinib sensitizes TNBC cells to DOX in vitro and in vivo through inactivation of NF-κB signaling pathways, providing a rationale for the combined use of apatinib and DOX in TNBC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jianli Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhong Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHaping Road No. 150, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Chao TY, Satriyo P, Yeh CT, Chen JH, Aryandono T, Haryana S. Dual therapeutic strategy targeting tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrp.jcrp_13_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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miR-1307-3p overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by targeting ISM1 in colon cancer. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 48:101445. [PMID: 31513891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the most common malignant tumor of gastrointestinal tract. Our study attempts to explore the effect of miR-1307-3p on biological function of COAD cells and its connection with isthmin 1 (ISM1). METHODS The miRNA dataset and clinical information of patients with COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The survival prognosis was analyzed by GGSURV package from R. MicroRNA (miR)-1307-3p was identified by identifying overlapping miRNAs that target ISM1, across two databases (miRDB and Targetscan). Dual luciferase reporter assay was employed to scrutinize the relationship between miR-1307-3p and ISM1. RT-PCR was used to quantify miR-1307-3p and ISM1 expression of colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Western blot was performed to quantify related protein expression. Flow Cytometry, CCK8 and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the apoptosis, cell cycle, cell viability and proliferation of COAD cells. RESULTS miR-1307-3p mRNA level decreased in both COAD tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-1307-3p suppressed the proliferation, promoted apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at G1 phase, meanwhile, downregulation of ISM1 accelerated the proliferation, inhibited apoptosis and promote cell cycleprogression. The result of dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-1307-3p targeted ISM1 directly and inhibited its expression. The functions of miR-1307-3p regulating cleaved caspase-3, cyclinD1, Ki67 protein levels and activation of Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway were reversed by ISM1. CONCLUSIONS miR-1307-3p inhibited activation of Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling through targeting downregulation of ISM1, thereby inhibited proliferation and promote apoptosis of COAD cells.
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Nedeljković M, Damjanović A. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-How We Can Rise to the Challenge. Cells 2019; 8:E957. [PMID: 31443516 PMCID: PMC6770896 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer owing to high heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and lack of treatment options. Chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC treatment, but unfortunately, patients frequently develop resistance. Accordingly, in recent years, tremendous effort has been made into elucidating the mechanisms of TNBC chemoresistance with the goal of identifying new molecular targets. It has become evident that the development of TNBC chemoresistance is multifaceted and based on the elaborate interplay of the tumor microenvironment, drug efflux, cancer stem cells, and bulk tumor cells. Alterations of multiple signaling pathways govern these interactions. Moreover, TNBC's high heterogeneity, highlighted in the existence of several molecular signatures, presents a significant obstacle to successful treatment. In the present, in-depth review, we explore the contribution of key mechanisms to TNBC chemoresistance as well as emerging strategies to overcome them. We discuss novel anti-tumor agents that target the components of these mechanisms and pay special attention to their current clinical development while emphasizing the challenges still ahead of successful TNBC management. The evidence presented in this review outlines the role of crucial pathways in TNBC survival following chemotherapy treatment and highlights the importance of using combinatorial drug strategies and incorporating biomarkers in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Nedeljković
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Damjanović
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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