1
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Meuleman MS, Petitprez F, Pickering MC, Le Quintrec M, Artero MR, Duval A, Rabant M, Gilmore A, Boyer O, Hogan J, Servais A, Provot F, Gnemmi V, Eloudzeri M, Grunenwald A, Buob D, Boffa JJ, Moktefi A, Audard V, Goujon JM, Bridoux F, Thervet E, Karras A, Roumenina LT, Frémeaux Bacchi V, Duong Van Huyen JP, Chauvet S. Complement Terminal Pathway Activation and Intrarenal Immune Response in C3 Glomerulopathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:1034-1044. [PMID: 38709564 PMCID: PMC11377803 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
We evidenced terminal pathway activation (C5b-9 deposits) in most of the glomeruli on kidney biopsy of C3 glomerulopathy.The amount of C5b-9 deposits correlated with disease prognosis in C3 glomerulopathy.Increased terminal pathway activation was found predominantly in a subgroup exhibiting an immuno-fibroblastic signature.
Background
C3 glomerulopathy is a rare disease resulting from an overactivation of the complement alternative pathway. Although there is also evidence of terminal pathway activation, its occurrence and consequences on the disease have been poorly studied.
Methods
We retrospectively studied a cohort of 42 patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy. We performed centralized extensive characterization of histological parameters. Kidney C5b-9 staining was performed as a marker of terminal pathway activation; intrarenal immune response was characterized through transcriptomic analysis.
Results
Eighty-eight percent of biopsies showed C5b-9 deposits in glomeruli. Biopsies were grouped according to the amount of C5b-9 deposits (no or low n=15/42, 36%; intermediate n=15/42, 36%; and high n=12/42, 28%). Patients with high C5b-9 deposits significantly differed from the two other groups of patients and were characterized by a significant higher histological chronicity score (P = 0.005) and lower outcome-free survival (P = 0.001). In multivariable analysis, higher glomerular C5b-9 remained associated with poor kidney prognosis after adjustment. One third of the 847 studied immune genes were upregulated in C3 glomerulopathy biopsies compared with controls. Unsupervised clustering on differentially expressed genes identified a group of kidney biopsies enriched in high glomerular C5b-9 with high immune and fibroblastic signature and showed high chronicity scores on histological examination.
Conclusions
In a cohort of patients with C3 glomerulopathy, intrarenal terminal pathway activation was associated with specific histological phenotype and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Sophie Meuleman
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florent Petitprez
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew C Pickering
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Moglie Le Quintrec
- Department of Nephrology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Mikel Rezola Artero
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna Duval
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Nephrology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marion Rabant
- Department of Anathomopathology, Necker Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- Département Croissance et Signalisation, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Alyssa Gilmore
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Boyer
- Pediatric Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, MARHEA reference center, APHP, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Julien Hogan
- Department of pediatric Nephrology, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Aude Servais
- Department of Nephrology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - François Provot
- Department of Nephrology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Vivianne Gnemmi
- Department of Pathology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Maeva Eloudzeri
- Département Croissance et Signalisation, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Anne Grunenwald
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Nephrology, Poissy Intercommunal Hospital, Poissy, France
| | - David Buob
- Department of Pathology, Tenon Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Anissa Moktefi
- Department of Pathology, Henri Mondor Hospital, APHP, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Audard
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Department, Henri Mondor Hospital University, Centre de Référence Maladie Rare Syndrome Néphrotique Idiopathique, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Innovative therapy for immune disorders, Créteil, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Univ Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | | | - Frank Bridoux
- Department of Nephrology, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Eric Thervet
- Department of Nephrology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Karras
- Department of Nephrology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Lubka T Roumenina
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Frémeaux Bacchi
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Immunology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Duong Van Huyen
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Anathomopathology, Necker Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Chauvet
- Inflammation, Complement and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Nephrology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
- Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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Saxena R, Bushey RT, Campa MJ, Gottlin EB, Guo J, Patz EF, He YW. Promotion of an Antitumor Immune Program by a Tumor-specific, Complement-activating Antibody. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1589-1601. [PMID: 38558134 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-targeting Abs can be used to initiate an antitumor immune program, which appears essential to achieve a long-term durable clinical response to cancer. We previously identified an anti-complement factor H (CFH) autoantibody associated with patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. We cloned from their peripheral B cells an mAb, GT103, that specifically recognizes CFH on tumor cells. Although the underlying mechanisms are not well defined, GT103 targets a conformationally distinct CFH epitope that is created when CFH is associated with tumor cells, kills tumor cells in vitro, and has potent antitumor activity in vivo. In the effort to better understand how an Ab targeting a tumor epitope can promote an effective antitumor immune response, we used the syngeneic CMT167 lung tumor C57BL/6 mouse model, and we found that murinized GT103 (mGT103) activates complement and enhances antitumor immunity through multiple pathways. It creates a favorable tumor microenvironment by decreasing immunosuppressive regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, enhances Ag-specific effector T cells, and has an additive antitumor effect with anti-PD-L1 mAb. Furthermore, the immune landscape of tumors from early-stage patients expressing the anti-CFH autoantibody is associated with an immunologically active tumor microenvironment. More broadly, our results using an mAb cloned from autoantibody-expressing B cells provides novel, to our knowledge, mechanistic insights into how a tumor-specific, complement-activating Ab can generate an immune program to kill tumor cells and inhibit tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Saxena
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ryan T Bushey
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Michael J Campa
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Jian Guo
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Edward F Patz
- Department of Radiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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3
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Zhang Y, Song Y, Wang X, Shi M, Lin Y, Tao D, Han S. An NFAT1-C3a-C3aR Positive Feedback Loop in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes a Glioma Stem Cell Malignant Phenotype. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:363-376. [PMID: 38289255 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Extensive infiltration by tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in combination with myeloid-derived suppressor cells constitute the immunosuppressive microenvironment and promote the malignant phenotype of gliomas. The aggressive mesenchymal (MES)-subtype glioma stem cells (GSC) are prominent in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of gliomas. However, the underlying immune-suppressive mechanisms are still unknown. The current study showed that the antitumor immune microenvironment was activated in glioma in Nfat1-/- mice, suggesting induction of the immune-suppressive microenvironment by nuclear factor of activated T cells-1 (NFAT1). In TAMs, NFAT1 could upregulate the transcriptional activity of complement 3 (C3) and increase the secretion of C3a, which could then bind to C3aR and promote M2-like macrophage polarization by activating TIM-3. Simultaneously, C3a/C3aR activated the Ca2+-NFAT1 pathway, forming a positive feedback loop for the M2-like polarization of TAMs, which further promoted the MES transition of GSCs. Finally, disruption of this feedback loop using a C3aR inhibitor significantly inhibited glioma growth both in vitro and in vivo. The current study demonstrated that a NFAT1-C3a-C3aR positive feedback loop induces M2-like TAMs and further promotes the malignant phenotype of GSCs, which might be the potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yifu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Mengwu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yibin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Dongxia Tao
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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4
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Xie HG, Jiang LP, Tai T, Ji JZ, Mi QY. The Complement System and C4b-Binding Protein: A Focus on the Promise of C4BPα as a Biomarker to Predict Clopidogrel Resistance. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:189-199. [PMID: 38261250 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00691-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The complement system plays a dual role in the body, either as a first-line defense barrier when balanced between activation and inhibition or as a potential driver of complement-associated injury or diseases when unbalanced or over-activated. C4b-binding protein (C4BP) was the first circulating complement regulatory protein identified and it functions as an important complement inhibitor. C4BP can suppress the over-activation of complement components and prevent the complement system from attacking the host cells through the binding of complement cleavage products C4b and C3b, working in concert as a cofactor for factor I in the degradation of C4b and C3b, and consequently preventing or reducing the assembly of C3 convertase and C5 convertase, respectively. C4BP, particularly C4BP α-chain (C4BPα), exerts its unique inhibitory effects on complement activation and opsonization, systemic inflammation, and platelet activation and aggregation. It has long been acknowledged that crosstalk or interplay exists between the complement system and platelets. Our unpublished preliminary data suggest that circulating C4BPα exerts its antiplatelet effects through inhibition of both complement activity levels and complement-induced platelet reactivity. Plasma C4BPα levels appear to be significantly higher in patients sensitive to, rather than resistant to, clopidogrel, and we suggest that a plasma C4BPα measurement could be used to predict clopidogrel resistance in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Xie
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Li-Ping Jiang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Ting Tai
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jin-Zi Ji
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Qiong-Yu Mi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
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5
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Meri S, Magrini E, Mantovani A, Garlanda C. The Yin Yang of Complement and Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1578-1588. [PMID: 37902610 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related inflammation is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Complement activation occurs in cancer and supports the development of an inflammatory microenvironment. Complement has traditionally been considered a mechanism of immune resistance against cancer, and its activation is known to contribute to the cytolytic effects of antibody-based immunotherapeutic treatments. However, several studies have recently revealed that complement activation may exert protumoral functions by sustaining cancer-related inflammation and immunosuppression through different molecular mechanisms, targeting both the TME and cancer cells. These new discoveries have revealed that complement manipulation can be considered a new strategy for cancer therapies. Here we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms by which the different elements of the complement system exert antitumor or protumor functions, both in preclinical studies and in human tumorigenesis. Complement components can serve as disease biomarkers for cancer stratification and prognosis and be exploited for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seppo Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and Translational Immunology Research Program, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS-Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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6
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Lasorsa F, Rutigliano M, Milella M, Ferro M, Pandolfo SD, Crocetto F, Simone S, Gesualdo L, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Complement System and the Kidney: Its Role in Renal Diseases, Kidney Transplantation and Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16515. [PMID: 38003705 PMCID: PMC10671650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk among the complement system, immune cells, and mediators of inflammation provides an efficient mechanism to protect the organism against infections and support the repair of damaged tissues. Alterations in this complex machinery play a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Core complement proteins C3 and C5, their activation fragments, their receptors, and their regulators have been shown to be active intracellularly as the complosome. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to complement-induced damage, and emerging findings have revealed the role of complement system dysregulation in a wide range of kidney disorders, including glomerulopathies and ischemia-reperfusion injury during kidney transplantation. Different studies have shown that activation of the complement system is an important component of tumorigenesis and its elements have been proved to be present in the TME of various human malignancies. The role of the complement system in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been recently explored. Clear cell and papillary RCC upregulate most of the complement genes relative to normal kidney tissue. The aim of this narrative review is to provide novel insights into the role of complement in kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Milella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 71013 Milan, Italy
| | - Savio Domenico Pandolfo
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Simone
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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7
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Swami S, Mughees M, Mangangcha IR, Kauser S, Wajid S. Secretome analysis of breast cancer cells to identify potential target proteins of Ipomoea turpethum extract-loaded nanoparticles in the tumor microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1247632. [PMID: 37900279 PMCID: PMC10602817 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1247632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of frequent malignancy and morbidity among women across the globe, with an increment of 0.5% incidences every year. The deleterious effects of traditional treatment on off-target surrounding cells make it difficult to win the battle against breast cancer. Hence, an advancement in the therapeutic approach is crucial. Nanotechnology is one of the emerging methods for precise, targeted, and efficient drug delivery in cells. The previous study has demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of Ipomoea turpethum extract on breast cancer cells delivered via NIPAAM-VP-AA nanoparticles (NVA-IT). Manipulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) to inhibit cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis seems to be very insightful for researchers these days. With the help of secretome analysis of breast cancer cells after treatment with NVA-IT, we have tried to find out the possible TME manipulation achieved to favor a better prognosis of the disease. Method: MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 cells were treated with the IC50 value of NVA-IT, and the medium was separated from the cells after 24 h of the treatment. Nano LCMS/MS analysis was performed to identify the secretory proteins in the media. Further bioinformatics tools like GENT2, GSCA, GeneCodis 4, and STRING were used to identify the key proteins and their interactions. Result: From the nano LCMS/MS analysis, 70 differentially expressed secretory proteins in MCF-7 and 191 in MDA MB-231 were identified in the cell's media. Fifteen key target proteins were filtered using bioinformatics analysis, and the interaction of proteins involved in vesicular trafficking, cell cycle checkpoints, and oxidative stress-related proteins was prominent. Conclusion: This study concluded that I. turpethum extract-loaded NIPAAM-VP-AA nanoparticles alter the secretory proteins constituting the TME to cease cancer cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanskriti Swami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sana Kauser
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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8
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Lai X, Fu G, Du H, Xie Z, Lin S, Li Q, Lin K. Identification of a cancer-associated fibroblast classifier for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35005. [PMID: 37746966 PMCID: PMC10519496 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable prognostic gene signatures for cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are still lacking, and the underlying genetic principles remain unclear. Therefore, the 2 main aims of our study were to establish a reliable CAFs prognostic gene signature that can be used to stratify patients with LUSC and to identify promising potential targets for more effective and individualized therapies. Clinical information and mRNA expression were accessed of the cancer genome atlas-LUSC cohort (n = 501) and GSE157011 cohort (n = 484). CAFs abundance were quantified by the multi-estimated algorithms. Stromal CAF-related genes were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression method was utilized to identify the most relevant CAFs candidates for predicting prognosis. Chemotherapy sensitivity scores were calculated using the "pRRophetic" package in R software, and the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion algorithm was employed to evaluate immunotherapy response. Gene set enrichment analysis and the Search Tool for Interaction of Chemicals database were applied to clarify the molecular mechanisms. In this study, we identified 288 hub CAF-related candidate genes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Next, 34 potential prognostic CAFs candidate genes were identified by univariate Cox regression in the cancer genome atlas-LUSC cohort. We prioritized the top 8 CAFs prognostic genes (DCBLD1, SLC24A3, ILK, SMAD7, SERPINE1, SNX9, PDGFA, and KLF10) by a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model, and these genes were used to identify low- and high-risk subgroups for unfavorable survival. In silico drug screening identified 6 effective compounds for high-risk CAFs-related LUSC: TAK-715, GW 441756, OSU-03012, MP470, FH535, and KIN001-266. Additionally, search tool for interaction of chemicals database highlighted PI3K-Akt signaling as a potential target pathway for high-risk CAFs-related LUSC. Overall, our findings provide a molecular classifier for high-risk CAFs-related LUSC and suggest that treatment with PI3K-Akt signaling inhibitors could benefit these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Lai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gangze Fu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Du
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuoliu Xie
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Saifeng Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kuailu Lin
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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9
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Ahmed SBM, Radwan N, Amer S, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Mahdami A, Samara KA, Halwani R, Jelinek HF. Assessing the Link between Diabetic Metabolic Dysregulation and Breast Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11816. [PMID: 37511575 PMCID: PMC10380477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a burdensome disease that affects various cellular functions through altered glucose metabolism. Several reports have linked diabetes to cancer development; however, the exact molecular mechanism of how diabetes-related traits contribute to cancer progression is not fully understood. The current study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the potential effect of hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia on the progression of breast cancer cells. To this end, gene dysregulation induced by the exposure of MCF7 breast cancer cells to hyperglycemia (HG), or a combination of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia (HGI), was analyzed using a microarray gene expression assay. Hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia induced differential expression of 45 genes (greater than or equal to two-fold), which were not shared by other treatments. On the other hand, in silico analysis performed using a publicly available dataset (GEO: GSE150586) revealed differential upregulation of 15 genes in the breast tumor tissues of diabetic patients with breast cancer when compared with breast cancer patients with no diabetes. SLC26A11, ALDH1A3, MED20, PABPC4 and SCP2 were among the top upregulated genes in both microarray data and the in silico analysis. In conclusion, hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia caused a likely unique signature that contributes to acquiring more carcinogenic traits. Indeed, these findings might potentially add emphasis on how monitoring diabetes-related metabolic alteration as an adjunct to diabetes therapy is important in improving breast cancer outcomes. However, further detailed studies are required to decipher the role of the highlighted genes, in this study, in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in patients with a different glycemic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrein B M Ahmed
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Nada Radwan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Amer
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amena Mahdami
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kamel A Samara
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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10
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Li Y, Wang C, Huang T, Yu X, Tian B. The role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1194835. [PMID: 37496657 PMCID: PMC10367093 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer deaths are primarily caused by metastasis. There are several treatment options that can be used to treat breast cancer. There are, however, a limited number of treatments that can either prevent or inhibit the spread of breast tumor metastases. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies are needed. Studies have increasingly focused on the importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in metastasis of breast cancer. As the most abundant cells in the TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer pathogenesis. They can remodel the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and engage in crosstalk with cancer cells or other stroma cells by secreting growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, as well as components of the ECM, which assist the tumor cells to invade through the TME and cause distant metastasis. Clinically, CAFs not only foster the initiation, growth, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer but also serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, therapy, and prediction of prognosis. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics and subtypes of CAFs and their functions in breast cancer metastasis, focusing on their important roles in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of breast cancer. Recent studies suggest that CAFs are vital partners of breast cancer cells that assist metastasis and may represent ideal targets for prevention and treatment of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department II, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bole Tian
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Wang X, Hao Y, Chen J, Ding P, Lv X, Zhou D, Li L, Li L, Xu Y, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Chen L, Liao T, He X, Ji QH, Hu W. Nuclear complement C3b promotes paclitaxel resistance by assembling the SIN3A/HDAC1/2 complex in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:351. [PMID: 37291119 PMCID: PMC10250389 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the classical role as a serum effector system of innate immunity, accumulating evidence suggests that intracellular complement components have indispensable functions in immune defense, T cell homeostasis, and tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Here, we revealed that complement component 3 (C3) is remarkably upregulated in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and that knockdown of C3 promoted PTX-induced cell apoptosis, sensitizing resistant cells to PTX therapy. Ectopic C3 decreased PTX-induced apoptosis and induced resistance to PTX treatment in original NSCLC cells. Interestingly, C3b, the activated fragment of C3, was found to translocate into the nucleus and physically associate with the HDAC1/2-containing SIN3A complex to repress the expression of GADD45A, which plays an important role in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction. Importantly, C3 downregulated GADD45A by enhancing the binding of the SIN3A complex with the promoter of GADD45A, thus decreasing the H3Ac level to compress chromatin around the GADD45A locus. Subsequently, ectopic GADD45A promoted PTX-induced cell apoptosis, sensitizing resistant cells to PTX therapy, and insufficiency of GADD45A in original cancer cells induced resistance to PTX treatment. These findings identify a previously unknown nucleus location and oncogenic property for C3 in chemotherapy and provide a potential therapeutic opportunity to overcome PTX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 East Dongfeng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Peipei Ding
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xinyue Lv
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Danlei Zhou
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ling Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Luying Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanqing Xu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yumeng Zhu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tian Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianghuo He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing-Hai Ji
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Hanna J, Ah-Pine F, Boina C, Bedoui Y, Gasque P, Septembre-Malaterre A. Deciphering the Role of the Anaphylatoxin C3a: A Key Function in Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112986. [PMID: 37296948 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system plays a crucial role in cancer development. Our study investigated the role of C3a anaphylatoxin on the tumor microenvironment. Our models consisted of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-like, 3T3-L1), macrophages (Raw 264.7 Blue, (RB)) and tumor cells (melanoma B16/F0). Recombinant mouse (Mo) C3a (rC3a) was produced in CHO cells transfected with a Mo-IL10-signal peptide-Mo C3a plasmid construct. The effects of rC3a, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and LPS were tested on the expression of C3, C3aR, PI3K, cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, antioxidant defense mechanisms, angiogenesis and macrophage polarization (M1/M2). 3T3-L1 expressed the highest levels of C3, while C3aR was expressed more by RB. Interestingly, expression of C3/3T3-L1 and C3aR/RB was markedly upregulated by IFN-γ. rC3a was found to upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) on 3T3-L1 and TGF-β1 on RB. rC3a also upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RB. The expression of CCL-5 increased in 3T3-L1 in response to rC3a. On RB, rC3a did not alter M1/M2 polarization but upregulated the expression of antioxidant defense genes, HO-1, and VEGF. C3/C3a produced mainly by MSC may play a critical role in TME remodeling by stimulating both anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic activities of tumor stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolimar Hanna
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale OI (LICE OI), CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Franck Ah-Pine
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de La Réunion, Avenue François Mitterrand BP450, 97448 Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Chailas Boina
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale OI (LICE OI), CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Yosra Bedoui
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de La Réunion, Avenue François Mitterrand BP450, 97448 Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale OI (LICE OI), CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Axelle Septembre-Malaterre
- Unité de Recherche EPI (Études Pharmaco-Immunologiques), Université de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale OI (LICE OI), CHU de La Réunion, Allée des Topazes, 97405 Saint-Denis, France
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13
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Wei Y, Cheng X, Deng L, Dong H, Wei H, Xie C, Tuo Y, Li G, Yu D, Cao Y. Expression signature and molecular basis of CDH11 in OSCC detected by a combination of multiple methods. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:70. [PMID: 37013637 PMCID: PMC10069064 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancy in the oral cancer threatening human health and the survival rate of OSCC has not been effectively improved in recent decades, so more effective biomarkers for the targeted therapy of OSCC are needed. Moreover, the role of CDH11 in OSCC has not been intensively investigated. We here show that the CDH11 protein and mRNA expression levels in the OSCC tissues were all significantly higher than in the non-cancerous tissues using RT-qPCR and western blot. This study also revealed that patients with higher CDH11 levels showed a higher incidence of perineural invasion and lymph node metastasis. By using data available from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and ArrayExpress databases, overexpressed CDH11 in OSCC that associated with patients'history of alcohol, negative Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) status, perineural invasion, infiltration of multiple immune cells, and Single-cell functional states including quiescence and angiogenesis, possessed an excellent discriminatory capability in the OSCC patients. Moreover, the majority of the biological processes or pathways were significantly clustered by co-expressed genes, including extracellular matrix organization, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, carbon metabolism, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and the upstream transcriptional regulation mechanism of CDH11 in OSCC was showed on a transcription factor/miRNA-mRNA network with the online tool NetworkAnalyst. Finally, frequent mutation of CDH11 was observed on a mouse OSCC model through whole-genome sequencing. CDH11 might serve as a valuable biomarker in OSCC, as it was identified to be overexpressed in OSCC and related to its clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xujie Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Limei Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huiping Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Cheng Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yangjuan Tuo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Department of Stomatology, People's hospital of Yongning District, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Dahai Yu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China.
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14
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Patras L, Shaashua L, Matei I, Lyden D. Immune determinants of the pre-metastatic niche. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:546-572. [PMID: 36917952 PMCID: PMC10170403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary tumors actively and specifically prime pre-metastatic niches (PMNs), the future sites of organotropic metastasis, preparing these distant microenvironments for disseminated tumor cell arrival. While initial studies of the PMN focused on extracellular matrix alterations and stromal reprogramming, it is increasingly clear that the far-reaching effects of tumors are in great part achieved through systemic and local PMN immunosuppression. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment and provide a comprehensive overview of the immune determinants of the PMN's spatiotemporal evolution. Moreover, we depict the PMN immune landscape, based on functional pre-clinical studies as well as mounting clinical evidence, and the dynamic, reciprocal crosstalk with systemic changes imposed by cancer progression. Finally, we outline emerging therapeutic approaches that alter the dynamics of the interactions driving PMN formation and reverse immunosuppression programs in the PMN ensuring early anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Patras
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lee Shaashua
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Matei
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David Lyden
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Qian Z, Chen L, Liu J, Jiang Y, Zhang Y. The emerging role of PPAR-alpha in breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114420. [PMID: 36812713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has been confirmed to have lipid disorders in the tumour microenvironment. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor that belongs to the family of nuclear receptors. PPARα regulates the expression of genes involved in fatty acid homeostasis and is a major regulator of lipid metabolism. Because of its effects on lipid metabolism, an increasing number of studies have investigated the relationship of PPARα with breast cancer. PPARα has been shown to impact the cell cycle and apoptosis in normal cells and tumoral cells through regulating genes of the lipogenic pathway, fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid activation, and uptake of exogenous fatty acids. Besides, PPARα is involved in the regulation of the tumour microenvironment (anti-inflammation and inhibition of angiogenesis) by modulating different signal pathways such as NF-κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Some synthetic PPARα ligands are used in adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. PPARα agonists are reported to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. In addition, PPARα agonists enhance the curative effects of targeted therapy and radiation therapy. Interestingly, with the emerging role of immunotherapy, attention has been focused on the tumour microenvironment. The dual functions of PPARα agonists in immunotherapy need further research. This review aims to consolidate the operations of PPARα in lipid-related and other ways, as well as discuss the current and potential applications of PPARα agonists in tackling breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Qian
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China; Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China.
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16
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Fang Z, Meng Q, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Liu J, Liang C, Hua J, Zhao Y, Yu X, Shi S. Signaling pathways in cancer-associated fibroblasts: recent advances and future perspectives. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 43:3-41. [PMID: 36424360 PMCID: PMC9859735 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in cancer initiation and progression. Well-known signaling pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Hedgehog (Hh), Notch, Wnt, Hippo, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways, as well as transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), P53, Snail, and Twist, constitute complex regulatory networks in the TME to modulate the formation, activation, heterogeneity, metabolic characteristics and malignant phenotype of CAFs. Activated CAFs remodel the TME and influence the malignant biological processes of cancer cells by altering the transcriptional and secretory characteristics, and this modulation partially depends on the regulation of signaling cascades. The results of preclinical and clinical trials indicated that therapies targeting signaling pathways in CAFs demonstrated promising efficacy but were also accompanied by some failures (e.g., NCT01130142 and NCT01064622). Hence, a comprehensive understanding of the signaling cascades in CAFs might help us better understand the roles of CAFs and the TME in cancer progression and may facilitate the development of more efficient and safer stroma-targeted cancer therapies. Here, we review recent advances in studies of signaling pathways in CAFs and briefly discuss some future perspectives on CAF research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengli Fang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Institutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032P. R. China,Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China,Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer InstituteShanghai200032P. R. China,Pancreatic Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
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17
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Wong KY, Cheung AH, Chen B, Chan WN, Yu J, Lo KW, Kang W, To KF. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in nonsmall cell lung cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1195-1215. [PMID: 35603909 PMCID: PMC9545594 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the common and leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The tumor microenvironment has been recognized to be instrumental in tumorigenesis. To have a deep understanding of the molecular mechanism of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained increasing research interests. CAFs belong to the crucial and dominant cell population in the tumor microenvironment to support the cancer cells. The interplay and partnership between cancer cells and CAFs contribute to each stage of tumorigenesis. CAFs exhibit prominent heterogeneity and secrete different kinds of cytokines and chemokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins involved in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. Many studies focused on the protumorigenic functions of CAFs, yet many challenges about the heterogeneity of CAFS remain unresolved. This review comprehensively summarized the tumor-promoting role and molecular mechanisms of CAFs in NSCLC, including their origin, phenotypic changes and heterogeneity and their functional roles in carcinogenesis. Meanwhile, we also highlighted the updated molecular classifications based on the molecular features and functional roles of CAFs. With the development of cutting-edge platforms and further investigations of CAFs, novel therapeutic strategies for accurately targeting CAFs in NSCLC may be developed based on the increased understanding of the relevant molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Yee Wong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Alvin Ho‐Kwan Cheung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational OncologyPrince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
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18
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Monteran L, Ershaid N, Doron H, Zait Y, Scharff Y, Ben-Yosef S, Avivi C, Barshack I, Sonnenblick A, Erez N. Chemotherapy-induced complement signaling modulates immunosuppression and metastatic relapse in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5797. [PMID: 36184683 PMCID: PMC9527249 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality from breast cancer is almost exclusively a result of tumor metastasis and resistance to therapy and therefore understanding the underlying mechanisms is an urgent challenge. Chemotherapy, routinely used to treat breast cancer, induces extensive tissue damage, eliciting an inflammatory response that may hinder efficacy and promote metastatic relapse. Here we show that systemic treatment with doxorubicin, but not cisplatin, following resection of a triple-negative breast tumor induces the expression of complement factors in lung fibroblasts and modulates an immunosuppressive metastatic niche that supports lung metastasis. Complement signaling derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) mediates the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) to the metastatic niche, thus promoting T cell dysfunction. Pharmacological targeting of complement signaling in combination with chemotherapy alleviates immune dysregulation and attenuates lung metastasis. Our findings suggest that combining cytotoxic treatment with blockade of complement signaling in triple-negative breast cancer patients may attenuate the adverse effects of chemotherapy, thus offering a promising approach for clinical use. Accumulating evidence suggest that chemotherapy could paradoxically promote cancer metastasis. Here the authors report that, in preclinical breast cancer models, adjuvant treatment with doxorubicin induces the formation of an immunosuppressive metastatic niche that promotes relapse but that can be reverted with pharmacological blockade of complement signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Monteran
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nour Ershaid
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hila Doron
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Zait
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ye'ela Scharff
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Ben-Yosef
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Camila Avivi
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Sonnenblick
- Oncology Division, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Neta Erez
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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19
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Zahid KR, Raza U, Tumbath S, Jiang L, Xu W, Huang X. Neutrophils: Musketeers against immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:975981. [PMID: 36091114 PMCID: PMC9453237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most copious leukocytes in human blood, play a critical role in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and immune suppression. Recently, neutrophils have attracted the attention of researchers, immunologists, and oncologists because of their potential role in orchestrating immune evasion in human diseases including cancer, which has led to a hot debate redefining the contribution of neutrophils in tumor progression and immunity. To make this debate fruitful, this review seeks to provide a recent update about the contribution of neutrophils in immune suppression and tumor progression. Here, we first described the molecular pathways through which neutrophils aid in cancer progression and orchestrate immune suppression/evasion. Later, we summarized the underlying molecular mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated therapy resistance and highlighted various approaches through which neutrophil antagonism may heighten the efficacy of the immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Finally, we have highlighted several unsolved questions and hope that answering these questions will provide a new avenue toward immunotherapy revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Tumbath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiumei Huang,
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20
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Neumann B, Lippmann N, Wendt S, Karlas T, Lübbert C, Werner G, Pfeifer Y, Schuster CF. Recurrent bacteremia with a hypermucoviscous Escherichia coli isolated from a patient with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: insights from a comprehensive genome-based analysis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2022; 21:28. [PMID: 35751078 PMCID: PMC9233328 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-022-00521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common human pathogen, responsible for a broad spectrum of infections. Sites of infection can vary, but the hepato-biliary system is of particular concern due to the infection-associated formation of gallstones and the spread of pathogens from the bile ducts into the bloodstream. Case presentation The presented case is striking, as the detected isolate showed a positive string test. This hypermucoviscous phenotype is atypical for E. coli and a particular feature of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) variants. Objectives To provide new insights into the genomic background of an E. coli strain with an unusual hypermucoviscous phenotype using hybrid short- and long-read sequencing approaches. Results Complete hybrid assemblies of the E. coli genome and plasmids were done and used for genome based typing. Isolate 537–20 was assigned to the multilocus sequence type ST88 and serotype O8:H4. The strain showed a close relationship to avian pathogenic strains. Analysis of the chromosome and plasmids revealed the presence of several virulence factors, such as the Conserved Virulence Plasmidic (CVP) region on plasmid 537-20_1, including several iron acquisition genes (sitABCD, iroABCDEN, iucABCD, hbd) and the iutA gene encoding the receptor of the siderophore aerobactin. The hypermucoviscous phenotype could be caused by encapsulation of putative K. pneumoniae origin. Conclusions Hybrid sequencing enabled detailed genomic characterization of the hypermucoviscous E. coli strain, revealing virulence factors that have their putative origin in K. pneumoniae. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12941-022-00521-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Neumann
- Division Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, 38855, Wernigerode, Germany. .,Institute for Hospital Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Clinical Infectiology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg General Hospital, 90419, Nuremberg, Germany.
| | - Norman Lippmann
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Infectious Diseases, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wendt
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Infectious Diseases, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Karlas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Lübbert
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Infectious Diseases, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Hospital, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Guido Werner
- Division Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, 38855, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Yvonne Pfeifer
- Division Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, 38855, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Christopher F Schuster
- Division Nosocomial Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch, 38855, Wernigerode, Germany. .,Current Address: Center for Pandemic Vaccines and Therapeutics (ZEPAI), Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany.
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21
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Johnson EM, Uppalapati CK, Pascual AS, Estrada SI, Averitte RL, Leyva KJ, Hull EE. Complement Factor H in cSCC: Evidence of a Link Between Sun Exposure and Immunosuppression in Skin Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:819580. [PMID: 35223500 PMCID: PMC8869607 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.819580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common form of skin cancer with an estimated 750,000 cases diagnosed annually in the United States. Most cases are successfully treated with a simple excision procedure, but ~5% of cases metastasize and have a 5-year survival rate of 25-45%. Thus, identification of biomarkers correlated to cSCC progression may be useful in the early identification of high-risk cSCC and in the development of new therapeutic strategies. This work investigates the role of complement factor H (CFH) in the development of cSCC. CFH is a regulatory component of the complement cascade which affects cell mediated immune responses and increases in complement proteins are associated with poor outcomes in multiple cancer types. We provide evidence that sun exposure may increase levels of CFH, suggesting an immunomodulatory role for CFH early in the development of cSCC. We then document increased levels of CFH in cSCC samples, compared to adjacent normal tissue (ANT) routinely excised in a dermatology clinic which, in paired samples, received the same level of sun exposure. We also provide evidence that levels of CFH are even greater in more advanced cases of cSCC. To provide a potential link between CFH and immune modulation, we assessed immune system function by measuring interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and FOXP3 in patient samples. IFN-γ levels were unchanged in cSCC relative to ANT which is consistent with an ineffective cell-mediated immune response. FOXP3 was used to assess prevalence of regulatory T cells within the tissues, indicating either a derailed or inhibitory immune response. Our data suggest that FOXP3 levels are higher in cSCC than in ANT. Our current working model is that increased CFH downstream of sun exposure is an early event in the development of cSCC as it interferes with proper immune surveillance and decreases the effectiveness of the immune response, and creates a more immunosuppressive environment, thus promoting cSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellise M Johnson
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Chandana K Uppalapati
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Agnes S Pascual
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Sarah I Estrada
- Affiliated Dermatology & Affiliated Laboratories, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Richard L Averitte
- Affiliated Dermatology & Affiliated Laboratories, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Kathryn J Leyva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Elizabeth E Hull
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
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22
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Comprehensive analysis of ceRNA networks to determine genes related to prognosis, overall survival, and immune infiltration in clear cell renal carcinoma. Comput Biol Med 2021; 141:105043. [PMID: 34839901 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the common subtypes of kidney cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to affect the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), and hence the expression of genes involved in the development and progression of ccRCC. However, these interactions have not been sufficiently explored. METHODS The differential expression of circRNAs (DEC) was extracted from the GEO database, and the expression of circRNAs was analyzed by the Limma R package. The interaction of miRNAs with circRNAs was predicted using (cancer-specific circRNA database) CSCD and circinteractome database. The genes affected by the miRNAs were predicted by miRwalk version 3, and the differential expression was retrieved using TCGA. Functional enrichment was assessed and a PPI network was created using DAVID and Cytoscape, respectively. The genes with significant interactions (hub-genes) were screened, and the total survival rate of ccRCC patients was extracted from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. To confirm the expression of OS genes we used the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) data and TCGA database. The correlation between gene expression and immune cell infiltration was investigated using TIMER2.0. Finally, potential drug candidates were predicted by the cMAP database. RESULTS Four DECs (hsa_circ_0003340, hsa_circ_0007836, hsa_circ_0020303, and hsa_circ_0001873) were identified, along with 11 interacting miRNAs (miR-1224-3p, miR-1294, miR-1205, miR-1231, miR-615-5p, miR-940, miR-1283, and miR-1305). These miRNAs were predicted to affect 1282 target genes, and function enrichment was used to identify the genes involved in cancer biology. 18 hub-genes (CCR1, VCAM1, NCF2, LAPTM5, NCKAP1L, CTSS, BTK, LILRB2, CD53, MPEG1, C3AR1, GPR183, C1QA, C1QC, P2RY8, LY86, CYBB, and IKZF1) were identified from a PPI network. VCAM1, NCF2, CTSS, LILRB2, MPEG1, C3AR1, P2RY8, and CYBB could affect the survival of ccRCC patients. The hub-gene expression was correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration and patient prognosis. Two potantial drug candidates, naphazoline and lithocholic acid could play a role in ccRCC therapy, as well other cancers. CONCLUSION This bioinformatics analysis brings a new insight into the role of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interactions in ccRCC pathogenesis, prognosis, and possible drug treatment or immunotherapy.
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23
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Terceiro LEL, Edechi CA, Ikeogu NM, Nickel BE, Hombach-Klonisch S, Sharif T, Leygue E, Myal Y. The Breast Tumor Microenvironment: A Key Player in Metastatic Spread. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4798. [PMID: 34638283 PMCID: PMC8507966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastatic spread of many cancers including breast. There is now increasing evidence to support the observations that a bidirectional interplay between breast cancer cells and stromal cells exists within the tumor and the tumor microenvironment both at the primary tumor site and at the metastatic site. This interaction occurs through direct cell to cell contact, or by the release of autocrine or paracrine factors which can activate pro-tumor signaling pathways and modulate tumor behavior. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in our current knowledge about the multiple interactions between breast cancer cells and neighboring cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, adipocytes, innate and adaptive immune cells) in the tumor microenvironment that coordinate to regulate metastasis. We also highlight the role of exosomes and circulating tumor cells in facilitating breast cancer metastasis. We discuss some key markers associated with stromal cells in the breast tumor environment and their potential to predict patient survival and guide treatment. Finally, we will provide some brief perspectives on how current technologies may lead to the development of more effective therapies for the clinical management of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E. L. Terceiro
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Chidalu A. Edechi
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Nnamdi M. Ikeogu
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Barbara E. Nickel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada;
| | - Tanveer Sharif
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
| | - Etienne Leygue
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (T.S.)
- Senior Scientist, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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24
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Yan P, Lyu X, Wang S, Dong S, Zhu Z, Cheng B, Sun Y, Jiang Q, Liu J, Li F. Insufficient ablation promotes the metastasis of residual non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via upregulating carboxypeptidase A4. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:1037-1051. [PMID: 34233564 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1947530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermal ablation is a potentially curative therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early recurrence after thermal ablation necessitates our attention. METHODS The invasion and migration abilities of NSCLC after sublethal heat stimulus were observed in vitro and in vivo. Sublethal thermal stimulus molecular changes were identified by RNA sequencing. A xenograft model of NSCLC with insufficient ablation was established to explore the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis-related phenotypes alteration of residual tumors. RESULTS In vitro, the invasion and migration abilities of NSCLC cells were enhanced 72 h after 44 °C and 46 °C thermal stimulus. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes were also upregulated under these conditions. RNA sequencing revealed that the expression of carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) was significantly upregulated after thermal stimulus. Significant upregulation of CPA4 and EMT phenotypes was also found in the xenograft model of insufficient NSCLC ablation. The EMT process and invasion and migration abilities can be reversed by silencing CPA4. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that sublethal heat stimulus caused by insufficient ablation can promote EMT and enhance the metastatic capacity of NSCLC. CPA4 plays an important role in these biological processes. Inhibition of CPA4 might be of great significance for improving early-stage NSCLC survival after ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Lyu
- Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China.,Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Sinian Wang
- Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Suhe Dong
- Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Pathology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Proton Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Qisheng Jiang
- Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China.,Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengsheng Li
- Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China.,Radiation and Damage Monitoring Laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
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25
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Fernández-Nogueira P, Fuster G, Gutierrez-Uzquiza Á, Gascón P, Carbó N, Bragado P. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Breast Cancer Treatment Response and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3146. [PMID: 34201840 PMCID: PMC8268405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, with about one million new cases diagnosed each year. In spite of the improvements in diagnosis, early detection and treatment, there is still a high incidence of mortality and failure to respond to current therapies. With the use of several well-established biomarkers, such as hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), as well as genetic analysis, BrCa patients can be categorized into multiple subgroups: Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and Basal-like, with specific treatment strategies. Although chemotherapy and targeted therapies have greatly improved the survival of patients with BrCa, there is still a large number of patients who relapse or who fail to respond. The role of the tumor microenvironment in BrCa progression is becoming increasingly understood. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the principal population of stromal cells in breast tumors. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of CAFs' role in altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents as well as in fostering metastasis in BrCa. In addition, we also review the available CAFs-directed molecular therapies and their potential implications for BrCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Gascón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Neus Carbó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.F.); (P.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Qu J, Zhao Q, Yang L, Ping Y, Zhang K, Lei Q, Liu F, Zhang Y. Identification and characterization of prognosis-related genes in the tumor microenvironment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107616. [PMID: 34162127 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main pathological subtype of esophageal cancer with high incidence and mortality. Immune and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) profoundly affect the development of ESCC. METHODS In this study, we used the ESTIMATE algorithm to calculate the immune and stromal scores of ESCC samples in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Next, we used the R package limma to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from high- versus low-immune/stromal score groups and these DEGs were further utilized to analyze the functional annotations, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and overall survival of patients with ESCC. Finally, we identified the biological roles of core gene C3AR1 in the TME of ESCC using the TCGA database and in vitro experiments. RESULTS We obtained the immune and stromal scores of ESCC samples and further evaluated the impact of these scores on the prognosis and clinical parameters of patients with ESCC. Next, we identified 410 DEGs from high- versus low-immune/stromal score groups and to gain better understanding of the biological functions and characteristics of DEGs. Among these DEGs, 69 were correlated with the overall survival of patients with ESCC and C3AR1 was identified as a core gene for the regulation of most genes in the network. We found that C3AR1 was positively correlated with M2 macrophages and immune inhibitory molecules (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)), but not with M1 macrophages. We also observed a higher expression of CD163 and CD206, which were the markers for M2 macrophages in the TLQP-21 TFA (the agonist of C3AR1)groups than in the control groups. CONCLUSION Based on the ESTIMATE algorithm, we obtained and characterized prognosis-related genes in the TME of ESCC samples from the TCGA database. We have further revealed that C3AR1 may cause an immunosuppressive microenvironment by affecting the polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype and lead to the progression of ESCC, which indicates that C3AR1 may be a potential target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qitai Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yu Ping
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qingyang Lei
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Fengsen Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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Joshi RS, Kanugula SS, Sudhir S, Pereira MP, Jain S, Aghi MK. The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061399. [PMID: 33808627 PMCID: PMC8003545 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of genomic medicine, cancer treatment has become more personalized as novel therapeutic targets and pathways are identified. Research over the past decade has shown the increasing importance of how the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is a major structural component of the TME, regulate oncogenic functions including tumor progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, therapy resistance, and immune cell modulation, amongst others. Within the TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been identified in several systemic cancers as critical regulators of the malignant cancer phenotype. This review of the literature comprehensively profiles the roles of CAFs implicated in gastrointestinal, endocrine, head and neck, skin, genitourinary, lung, and breast cancers. The ubiquitous presence of CAFs highlights their significance as modulators of cancer progression and has led to the subsequent characterization of potential therapeutic targets, which may help advance the cancer treatment paradigm to determine the next generation of cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed overview of the key roles that CAFs play in the scope of systemic disease, the mechanisms by which they enhance protumoral effects, and the primary CAF-related markers that may offer potential targets for novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushikesh S. Joshi
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA;
| | | | - Sweta Sudhir
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Matheus P. Pereira
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| | - Manish K. Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-415-514-9820
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28
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Li XX, Kumar V, Clark RJ, Lee JD, Woodruff TM. The "C3aR Antagonist" SB290157 is a Partial C5aR2 Agonist. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:591398. [PMID: 33551801 PMCID: PMC7859635 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.591398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune complement activation generates the C3 and C5 protein cleavage products C3a and C5a, defined classically as anaphylatoxins. C3a activates C3aR, while C5a activates two receptors (C5aR1 and C5aR2) to exert their immunomodulatory activities. The non-peptide compound, SB290157, was originally reported in 2001 as the first C3aR antagonist. In 2005, the first report on the non-selective nature of SB290157 was published, where the compound exerted clear agonistic, not antagonistic, activity in variety of cells. Other studies also documented the non-selective activities of this drug in vivo. These findings severely hamper data interpretation regarding C3aR when using this compound. Unfortunately, given the dearth of C3aR inhibitors, SB290157 still remains widely used to explore C3aR biology (>70 publications to date). Given these issues, in the present study we aimed to further explore SB290157's pharmacological selectivity by screening the drug against three human anaphylatoxin receptors, C3aR, C5aR1 and C5aR2, using cell models. We identified that SB290157 exerts partial agonist activity at C5aR2 by mediating β-arrestin recruitment at higher compound doses. This translated to a functional outcome in both human and mouse primary macrophages, where SB290157 significantly dampened C5a-induced ERK signaling. We also confirmed that SB290157 acts as a potent agonist at human C3aR in transfected cells, but as an antagonist in primary human macrophages. Our results therefore provide even more caution against using SB290157 as a research tool to explore C3aR function. Given the reported immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of C5aR2 agonism, any function observed with SB290157 could be due to these off-target activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Trent M. Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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29
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Luo S, Wang M, Wang H, Hu D, Zipfel PF, Hu Y. How Does Complement Affect Hematological Malignancies: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Application. Front Immunol 2020; 11:593610. [PMID: 33193442 PMCID: PMC7658260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement, as a central immune surveillance system, can be activated within seconds upon stimulation, thereby displaying multiple immune effector functions. However, in pathologic scenarios (like in tumor progression), activated complement can both display protective effects to control tumor development and passively promotes the tumor growth. Clinical investigations show that patients with several hematological malignancies often display abnormal level of specific complement components, which in turn modulates complement activation or deregulated cascade. In the past decades, complement-dependent cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis were fully approved to display vital roles in monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapies, especially in therapies against hematological malignancies. However, tumor-mediated complement evasion presents a big challenge for such a therapy. This review aims to provide an integrative overview on the roles of the complement in tumor promotion, highlights complement mediated effects on antibody-based immunotherapy against distinct hematological tumors, hopefully provides a theoretical basis for the development of complement-based cancer targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Moran Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huafang Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peter F Zipfel
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Louault K, Li RR, DeClerck YA. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Understanding Their Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113108. [PMID: 33114328 PMCID: PMC7690906 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important contributory role in the microenvironment of tumors. They originate from different cells, have multiple pro-and anti-tumorigenic functions in tumors and their presence is variable among cancer types. Recently, there has been evidence that CAFs represent a highly heterogeneous group of cells that can now be characterized and identified at the single cell level. This review article summarizes our recent understanding of the highly heterogeneous nature of the origin, phenotype and function of CAFs and how such understanding will lead to a more precise approach to target or use CAFs and their precursor cells in the treatment of cancer. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in tumor progression. Among its multiple components are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that are the main suppliers of extracellular matrix molecules and important contributors to inflammation. As a source of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and other regulatory molecules, they participate in cancer progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune cell reprogramming and therapeutic resistance. Nevertheless, their role is not fully understood, and is sometimes controversial due to their heterogeneity. CAFs are heterogeneous in their origin, phenotype, function and presence within tumors. As a result, strategies to target CAFs in cancer therapy have been hampered by the difficulties in better defining the various populations of CAFs and by the lack of clear recognition of their specific function in cancer progression. This review discusses how a greater understanding of the heterogeneous nature of CAFs could lead to better approaches aimed at their use or at their targeting in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Louault
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Correspondence: or (K.L); (Y.A.D.); Tel.: +1-323-361-5649 (Y.A.D.); Fax: +1-323-361-4902 (Y.A.D.)
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Yves A. DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence: or (K.L); (Y.A.D.); Tel.: +1-323-361-5649 (Y.A.D.); Fax: +1-323-361-4902 (Y.A.D.)
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