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Kowalczyk A, Zarychta J, Lejman M, Latoch E, Zawitkowska J. Clinical Implications of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations and Targeted Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors-Recent Advances, Challenges and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7916. [PMID: 39063158 PMCID: PMC11276768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the better understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and improved patient survival in recent years, AML therapy still remains a clinical challenge. For this reason, it is important to search for new therapies that will enable the achievement of remission. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration approved three mutant IDH (mIDH) inhibitors for the treatment of AML. However, the use of mIDH inhibitors in monotherapy usually leads to the development of resistance and the subsequent recurrence of the cancer, despite the initial effectiveness of the therapy. A complete understanding of the mechanisms by which IDH mutations influence the development of leukemia, as well as the processes that enable resistance to mIDH inhibitors, may significantly improve the efficacy of this therapy through the use of an appropriate synergistic approach. The aim of this literature review is to present the role of IDH1/IDH2 mutations in the pathogenesis of AML and the results of clinical trials using mIDH1/IDH2 inhibitors in AML and to discuss the challenges related to the use of mIDH1/IDH2 inhibitors in practice and future prospects related to the potential methods of overcoming resistance to these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kowalczyk
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.K.); (J.Z.)
| | - Julia Zarychta
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.K.); (J.Z.)
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Eryk Latoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Joanna Zawitkowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Perez M, Barrionuevo V, Arias C, Baehring JM. Favorable Radiographic Response in a Patient With an Oligodendroglioma Treated With Azacitidine and Venetoclax for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cureus 2024; 16:e61540. [PMID: 38957232 PMCID: PMC11219064 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The standard chemotherapy for treating oligodendrogliomas consists of a combination of procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV). The combination of hypomethylating agents like azacitidine and BCL2 inhibitors like venetoclax has not been formally studied in the treatment of glial tumors. The combination of these two drugs is commonly used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with IDH-mutant disease being a particularly sensitive subtype. The use of azacitidine for the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas has been reported in the literature, with mixed results that might suggest at least some benefits in a subtype of patients. It is also reported in the literature that the BCL2 gene is associated with treatment resistance and tumor recurrence in gliomas. Here, we present a patient with an oligodendroglioma who was treated with a conventional chemotherapy regimen for AML and, at the same time, had a favorable radiographic response to his brain tumor.
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Yang S, Xu L, Zhuang H, Li F, Lu Y. A new perspective on hematological malignancies: m6A modification in immune microenvironment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374390. [PMID: 38868768 PMCID: PMC11168112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for hematological malignancies is a rapidly advancing field that has gained momentum in recent years, primarily encompassing chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and other modalities. However, its clinical efficacy remains limited, and drug resistance poses a significant challenge. Therefore, novel immunotherapeutic targets and agents need to be identified. Recently, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA epitope modification, has emerged as a pivotal factor in various malignancies. Reportedly, m6A mutations influence the immunological microenvironment of hematological malignancies, leading to immune evasion and compromising the anti-tumor immune response in hematological malignancies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the roles of the currently identified m6A modifications in various hematological malignancies, with a particular focus on their impact on the immune microenvironment. Additionally, we provide an overview of the research progress made in developing m6A-targeted drugs for hematological tumor therapy, to offer novel clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haihui Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Hematology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Li X, Sun T, Jiang C. Intelligent Delivery Systems in Tumor Metabolism Regulation: Exploring the Path Ahead. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309582. [PMID: 38105387 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metabolism plays multifaceted roles in the initiation and progression of tumors, and interventions in metabolism are considered fundamental approaches for cancer control. Within the vast metabolic networks of tumors, there exist numerous potential therapeutic targets, intricately interconnected with each other and with signaling networks related to immunity, metastasis, drug resistance, and more. Based on the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, constructing drug delivery systems for multi-level modulation of the tumor microenvironment is proven as an effective strategy for achieving multidimensional control of cancer. Consequently, this article summarizes several features of tumor metabolism to provide insights into recent advancements in intelligent drug delivery systems for achieving multi-level regulation of the metabolic microenvironment in cancer, with the aim of offering a novel paradigm for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Kim S, Jeon JS, Choi YJ, Baek GH, Kim SK, Kang KW. Heterogeneity of glutamine metabolism in acquired-EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer. Life Sci 2022; 291:120274. [PMID: 34990648 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the heterogeneities of glutamine metabolism in EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer cells and its potential as a therapeutic target. MAIN METHODS Cell proliferation and cell cycle assays was performed by IncuCyte real-time analysis and flow cytometry, respectively. Tumor growth was assessed in xenografts implanted with HCC827 GR. An isotopologue analysis was conducted by LC-MS/MS using 13C-(U)-glutamine labeling to determine the amounts of metabolites. Cellular ATP and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were determined by XFp analysis. KEY FINDINGS We found that the cell growth of the two acquired EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer cells lines (HCC827 GR and H292 ER) depends on glutamine. In HCC827 GR, glutamine deficiency caused reduced GSH synthesis and, subsequently, enhanced ROS generation relative to their parental cells, HCC827. On the other hand, in H292 ER, glutamine mainly acted as a carbon source for TCA-cycle intermediates, and its depletion led to reduced mitochondrial ATP production. CB-839, a specific GLS inhibitor, inhibited the latter's conversion of glutamine to glutamate and exerted enhanced anti-proliferating effects on the two acquired EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer cell lines versus their parental cell lines. Moreover, oral administration of CB-839 significantly suppressed HCC827 GR tumor growth in the xenograft model. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that glutamine dependency in acquired EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer is heterogeneous and that inhibition of glutamine metabolism by CB-839 may serve as a therapeutic tool for acquired EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suntae Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Su Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong June Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hee Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Yao K, Liu H, Yu S, Zhu H, Pan J. Resistance to mutant IDH inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Cancer Lett 2022; 533:215603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Huo M, Zhang J, Huang W, Wang Y. Interplay Among Metabolism, Epigenetic Modifications, and Gene Expression in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:793428. [PMID: 35004688 PMCID: PMC8740611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.793428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications and metabolism are two fundamental biological processes. During tumorigenesis and cancer development both epigenetic and metabolic alterations occur and are often intertwined together. Epigenetic modifications contribute to metabolic reprogramming by modifying the transcriptional regulation of metabolic enzymes, which is crucial for glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites provide substrates for epigenetic modifications, including histone modification (methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation), DNA and RNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Simultaneously, some metabolites can also serve as substrates for nonhistone post-translational modifications that have an impact on the development of tumors. And metabolic enzymes also regulate epigenetic modifications independent of their metabolites. In addition, metabolites produced by gut microbiota influence host metabolism. Understanding the crosstalk among metabolism, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression in cancer may help researchers explore the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression to metastasis, thereby provide strategies for the prevention and therapy of cancer. In this review, we summarize the progress in the understanding of the interactions between cancer metabolism and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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