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Chong ZX. Roles of miRNAs in regulating ovarian cancer stemness. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189191. [PMID: 39353485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the gynaecology malignancies with the highest mortality rate. Ovarian cancer stem cell (CSC) is a subpopulation of ovarian cancer cells with increased self-renewability, aggression, metastatic potentials, and resistance to conventional anti-cancer therapy. The emergence of ovarian CSC is a critical factor that promotes treatment resistance and frequent relapse among ovarian cancer patients, leading to poor clinical outcomes. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short, non-protein-coding RNA that regulates ovarian CSC development. Although multiple original research articles have discussed the CSC-regulatory roles of different miRNAs in ovarian cancer, there is a deficiency of a review article that can summarize the findings from different research papers. To narrow the gap in the literature, this review aimed to provide an up-to-date summary of the CSC-regulatory roles of various miRNAs in modulating ovarian cancer cell stemness. This review will begin by giving an overview of ovarian CSC and the pathways responsible for driving its appearance. Next, the CSC-regulatory roles of miRNAs in controlling ovarian CSC development will be discussed. Overall, more than 60 miRNAs have been reported to play CSC-regulatory roles in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. By targeting various downstream targets, these miRNAs can control the signaling activities of PI3K/AKT, EGFR/ERK, WNT/ß-catenin, NF-kß, Notch, Hippo/YAP, EMT, and DNA repair pathways. Hence, these CSC-modulatory miRNAs have the potential to be used as prognostic biomarkers in predicting the clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer patients. Targeting CSC-promoting miRNAs or increasing the expressions of CSC-repressing miRNAs can help slow ovarian cancer progression. However, more in-depth functional and clinical trials must be carried out to evaluate the suitability, safety, sensitivity, and specificity of these CSC-regulating miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiong Chong
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, Singapore 117599; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, Singapore 117599.
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2
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Chen B, Liu J. Advances in ovarian tumor stem cells and therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1871-1892. [PMID: 38955927 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is considered the most lethal among all gynecological malignancies due to its early metastatic dissemination, extensive spread, and malignant ascites. The current standard of care for advanced ovarian cancer involves a combination of cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy utilizing platinum-based and taxane-based agents. Although initial treatment yields clinical remission in 70-80% of patients, the majority eventually develop treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. A growing body of evidence indicates the existence of cancer stem cells within diverse solid tumors, including ovarian cancer, which function as a subpopulation to propel tumor growth and disease advancement by means of drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. The presence of ovarian cancer stem cells is widely considered to be a significant contributor to the unfavorable clinical outcomes observed in patients with ovarian cancer, as they play a crucial role in mediating chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Ovarian cancer stem cells possess the capacity to reassemble within the entirety of the tumor following conventional treatment, thereby instigating the recurrence of ovarian cancer and inducing resistance to treatment. Consequently, the creation of therapeutic approaches aimed at eliminating ovarian cancer stem cells holds great potential for the management of ovarian cancer. These cells are regarded as one of the most auspicious targets and mechanisms for the treatment of ovarian cancer. There is a pressing need for a comprehensive comprehension of the fundamental mechanisms of ovarian cancer's recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance, alongside the development of effective strategies to overcome chemoresistance, metastasis, and recurrence. The implementation of cancer stem cell therapies may potentially augment the tumor cells' sensitivity to existing chemotherapy protocols, thereby mitigating the risks of tumor metastasis and recurrence, and ultimately improving the survival rates of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqing Chen
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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3
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Alam S, Giri PK. Novel players in the development of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer: ovarian cancer stem cells, non-coding RNA and nuclear receptors. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2024; 7:6. [PMID: 38434767 PMCID: PMC10905178 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) ranks as the fifth leading factor for female mortality globally, with a substantial burden of new cases and mortality recorded annually. Survival rates vary significantly based on the stage of diagnosis, with advanced stages posing significant challenges to treatment. OC is primarily categorized as epithelial, constituting approximately 90% of cases, and correct staging is essential for tailored treatment. The debulking followed by chemotherapy is the prevailing treatment, involving platinum-based drugs in combination with taxanes. However, the efficacy of chemotherapy is hindered by the development of chemoresistance, both acquired during treatment (acquired chemoresistance) and intrinsic to the patient (intrinsic chemoresistance). The emergence of chemoresistance leads to increased mortality rates, with many advanced patients experiencing disease relapse shortly after initial treatment. This review delves into the multifactorial nature of chemoresistance in OC, addressing mechanisms involving transport systems, apoptosis, DNA repair, and ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs). While previous research has identified genes associated with these mechanisms, the regulatory roles of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and nuclear receptors in modulating gene expression to confer chemoresistance have remained poorly understood and underexplored. This comprehensive review aims to shed light on the genes linked to different chemoresistance mechanisms in OC and their intricate regulation by ncRNA and nuclear receptors. Specifically, we examine how these molecular players influence the chemoresistance mechanism. By exploring the interplay between these factors and gene expression regulation, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive mechanism driving chemoresistance in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Kumar Giri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110068, India
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Guo S, Guo Y, Chen Y, Cui S, Zhang C, Chen D. The role of CEMIP in cancers and its transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16930. [PMID: 38390387 PMCID: PMC10883155 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
CEMIP is a protein known for inducing cell migration and binding to hyaluronic acid. Functioning as a hyaluronidase, CEMIP primarily facilitates the breakdown of the extracellular matrix component, hyaluronic acid, thereby regulating various signaling pathways. Recent evidence has highlighted the significant role of CEMIP in different cancers, associating it with diverse pathological states. While identified as a biomarker for several diseases, CEMIP's mechanism in cancer seems distinct. Accumulating data suggests that CEMIP expression is triggered by chemical modifications to itself and other influencing factors. Transcriptionally, chemical alterations to the CEMIP promoter and involvement of transcription factors such as AP-1, HIF, and NF-κB regulate CEMIP levels. Similarly, specific miRNAs have been found to post-transcriptionally regulate CEMIP. This review provides a comprehensive summary of CEMIP's role in various cancers and explores how both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms control its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Guo
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfei Guo
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shuaishuai Cui
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Dahu Chen
- Shandong University of Technology, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Malgundkar SH, Tamimi Y. The pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers and modulators of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (OC). Hum Genet 2024; 143:107-124. [PMID: 38276976 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02635-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a fatal gynecological disease that is often diagnosed at later stages due to its asymptomatic nature and the absence of efficient early-stage biomarkers. Previous studies have identified genes with abnormal expression in OC that couldn't be explained by methylation or mutation, indicating alternative mechanisms of gene regulation. Recent advances in human transcriptome studies have led to research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as regulators of cancer gene expression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of ncRNAs with a length greater than 200 nucleotides, have been identified as crucial regulators of physiological processes and human diseases, including cancer. Dysregulated lncRNA expression has also been found to play a crucial role in ovarian carcinogenesis, indicating their potential as novel and non-invasive biomarkers for improving OC management. However, despite the discovery of several thousand lncRNAs, only one has been approved for clinical use as a biomarker in cancer, highlighting the importance of further research in this field. In addition to their potential as biomarkers, lncRNAs have been implicated in modulating chemoresistance, a major problem in OC. Several studies have identified altered lncRNA expression upon drug treatment, further emphasizing their potential to modulate chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight the characteristics of lncRNAs, their function, and their potential to serve as tumor markers in OC. We also discuss a few databases providing detailed information on lncRNAs in various cancer types. Despite the promising potential of lncRNAs, further research is necessary to fully understand their role in cancer and develop effective strategies to combat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shika Hanif Malgundkar
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PC 123, PO Box 35, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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Zhao Q, Li D, Feng J, Jinsihan D. MiR-600 mediates EZH2/RUNX3 signal axis to modulate breast cancer cell viability and sorafenib sensitivity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23613. [PMID: 38229326 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) ranks as the most prevalent gynecologic tumor globally. Abnormal expression of miRNAs is concerned with the development of cancers such as BC. However, little is known about the role of miR-600 in BC. This work aimed to explore the role of miR-600 in the malignant progression and sorafenib sensitivity of BC cells. Expression and interaction of miR-600/EZH2/RUNX3 were analyzed by bioinformatics. qRT-PCR was utilized to assay RNA expression of miR-600 and mRNA expression of EZH2/RUNX3. The binding relationship between miR-600 and EZH2 was tested by dual luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). The effects of miR-600/EZH2/RUNX3 axis on the malignant behavior and sorafenib sensitivity of BC cells were detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. Low expression of miR-600 and RUNX3 in BC was found by bioinformatics and molecular assays. High expression of EZH2 in BC was negatively correlated with RUVX3. Dual luciferase assay and RIP demonstrated that MiR-600 could bind to EZH2. Cell assays displayed that miR-600 knockdown could foster the malignant progression of BC cells and reduce the sensitivity of BC cells to sorafenib. EZH2 knockdown or RUNX3 overexpression could offset the effect of miR-600 inhibitor on the malignant behavior and sorafenib sensitivity of BC cells. MiR-600 can hinder the malignant behavior of BC cells and foster sensitivity of BC cells to sorafenib via EZH2/RUNX3 axis, exhibiting the miR-600/EZH2/RUNX3 axis as a feasible therapeutic target for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinchun Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilixiati Jinsihan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
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Simmen FA, Alhallak I, Simmen RCM. Krüppel-like Factor-9 and Krüppel-like Factor-13: Highly Related, Multi-Functional, Transcriptional Repressors and Activators of Oncogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5667. [PMID: 38067370 PMCID: PMC10705314 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Specificity Proteins/Krüppel-like Factors (SP/KLF family) are a conserved family of transcriptional regulators. These proteins share three highly conserved, contiguous zinc fingers in their carboxy-terminus, requisite for binding to cis elements in DNA. Each SP/KLF protein has unique primary sequence within its amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal regions, and it is these regions which interact with co-activators, co-repressors, and chromatin-modifying proteins to support the transcriptional activation and repression of target genes. Krüppel-like Factor 9 (KLF9) and Krüppel-like Factor 13 (KLF13) are two of the smallest members of the SP/KLF family, are paralogous, emerged early in metazoan evolution, and are highly conserved. Paradoxically, while most similar in primary sequence, KLF9 and KLF13 display many distinct roles in target cells. In this article, we summarize the work that has identified the roles of KLF9 (and to a lesser degree KLF13) in tumor suppression or promotion via unique effects on differentiation, pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and tumor immune cell infiltration. We also highlight the great diversity of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNAs which provide mechanisms for the ubiquitous tumor-specific suppression of KLF9 mRNA and protein. Elucidation of KLF9 and KLF13 in cancer biology is likely to provide new inroads to the understanding of oncogenesis and its prevention and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A. Simmen
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (I.A.); (R.C.M.S.)
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Iad Alhallak
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (I.A.); (R.C.M.S.)
| | - Rosalia C. M. Simmen
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (I.A.); (R.C.M.S.)
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Rezaee A, Ahmadpour S, Jafari A, Aghili S, Zadeh SST, Rajabi A, Raisi A, Hamblin MR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Derakhshan M. MicroRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs and gynecological cancers: focus on metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1215194. [PMID: 37854681 PMCID: PMC10580988 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancer is a significant cause of death in women worldwide, with cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer being among the most well-known types. The initiation and progression of gynecologic cancers involve a variety of biological functions, including angiogenesis and metastasis-given that death mostly occurs from metastatic tumors that have invaded the surrounding tissues. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathways underlying gynecologic cancer metastasis is critical for enhancing patient survival and outcomes. Recent research has revealed the contribution of numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to metastasis and invasion of gynecologic cancer by affecting specific cellular pathways. This review focuses on three types of gynecologic cancer (ovarian, endometrial, and cervical) and three kinds of ncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs). We summarize the detailed role of non-coding RNAs in the different pathways and molecular interactions involved in the invasion and metastasis of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadpour
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarehnaz Aghili
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Derakhshan
- Shahid Beheshti Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obsteterics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Beg A, Parveen R, Fouad H, Yahia ME, Hassanein AS. Identification of Driver Genes and miRNAs in Ovarian Cancer through an Integrated In-Silico Approach. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020192. [PMID: 36829472 PMCID: PMC9952540 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth-most common cancer in women and has the highest rate of death among all gynecological malignancies in the Western world. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs are connected to the progression of ovarian cancer. In the current study, we focus on the identification of miRNA and its associated genes that are responsible for the early prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. The microarray dataset GSE119055 used in this study was retrieved via the publicly available GEO database by NCBI for the analysis of DEGs. The miRNA GSE119055 dataset includes six ovarian carcinoma samples along with three healthy/primary samples. In our study, DEM analysis of ovarian carcinoma and healthy subjects was performed using R Software to transform and normalize all transcriptomic data along with packages from Bioconductor. Results: We identified miRNA and its associated hub genes from the samples of ovarian cancer. We discovered the top five upregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-130b-3p, hsa-miR-18a-5p, hsa-miR-182-5p, hsa-miR-187-3p, and hsa-miR-378a-3p) and the top five downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-501-3p, hsa-miR-4324, hsa-miR-500a-3p, hsa-miR-1271-5p, and hsa-miR-660-5p) from the network and their associated genes, which include seven common genes (SCN2A, BCL2, MAF, ZNF532, CADM1, ELAVL2, and ESRRG) that were considered hub genes for the downregulated network. Similarly, for upregulated miRNAs we found two hub genes (PRKACB and TAOK1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Beg
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Correspondence: or (A.B.); (R.P.); Tel.: +91-965-049-3477 (R.P.)
| | - Rafat Parveen
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Correspondence: or (A.B.); (R.P.); Tel.: +91-965-049-3477 (R.P.)
| | - Hassan Fouad
- Applied Medical Science Department, CC, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. E. Yahia
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnička Cesta 15, Ilidža, 71210 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Azza S. Hassanein
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Yao C, Ju Z, Jiao D, Hu D, Qi L, Liu S, Wu X, Zhao C. Krüppel-like factors in tumors: Key regulators and therapeutic avenues. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1080720. [PMID: 36761967 PMCID: PMC9905823 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1080720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a group of DNA-binding transcriptional regulators with multiple essential functions in various cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, inflammation, and angiogenesis. The aberrant expression of KLFs is often found in tumor tissues and is essential for tumor development. At the molecular level, KLFs regulate multiple signaling pathways and mediate crosstalk among them. Some KLFs may also be molecular switches for specific biological signals, driving their transition from tumor suppressors to promoters. At the histological level, the abnormal expression of KLFs is closely associated with tumor cell stemness, proliferation, apoptosis, and alterations in the tumor microenvironment. Notably, the role of each KLF in tumors varies according to tumor type and different stages of tumor development rather than being invariant. In this review, we focus on the advances in the molecular biology of KLFs, particularly the regulations of several classical signaling pathways by these factors, and the critical role of KLFs in tumor development. We also highlight their strong potential as molecular targets in tumor therapy and suggest potential directions for clinical translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongjie Yao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyong Ju
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danli Jiao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Hu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qi
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shimin Liu
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chen Zhao, ; Xueqing Wu,
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chen Zhao, ; Xueqing Wu,
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Ismail A, Abulsoud AI, Fathi D, Elshafei A, El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EG, Aglan A, Elkhawaga SY, Doghish AS. The role of miRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Resistance - A Focus on Signaling Pathways Interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Xu XH, Sun JM, Chen XF, Zeng XY, Zhou HZ. MicroRNA-494-3p facilitates the progression of bladder cancer by mediating the KLF9/RGS2 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:1070-1079. [PMID: 36098468 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a familiar malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. The effect of treatment is unsatisfactory after the metastasis and invasion of BC. Hence, more studies should be carried out to explore the metastasis of BC. RT-qPCR or/and western blot was conducted to evaluate miR-494-3p, KLF9, and RGS2 expression. Cell proliferation and invasion were estimated by MTT assay and transwell assay, respectively. Cell migration was tested by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to validate the interplay between miR-494-3p and KLF9 mRNA. The interaction between KLF9 and RGS2 promoter was verified using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. miR-494-3p expression was upregulated, whereas KLF9 and RGS2 were downregulated in BC cells. miR-494-3p inhibition was competent to limit the growth of BC cells. KLF9 knockdown abolished the miR-494-3p depletion-mediated inhibitory growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, we found that KLF9 was a downstream gene of miR-494-3p and could bind to the promoter region of RGS2 to promote the expression of RGS2. Moreover, RGS2 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effects of miR-494-3p knockdown on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Notably, miR-494-3p inhibition obstructed the tumor growth in nude mice. miR-494-3p silencing inhibited the progression of BC by regulating the KLF9/RGS2 axis in vitro and in vivo, which laid the foundation for experiments of miR-494-3p in BC and provided therapeutic targets for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hong Xu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jian-Ming Sun
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zeng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (The Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China), Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hai-Zhi Zhou
- Department of 3rd Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan Province, China
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