Association between insulin resistance and abnormal menstrual cycle in Chinese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Lower Serum ATG7 Levels Linked to Insulin Resistance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that autophagy, a cellular process regulated by ATG7, plays a critical role in ovarian physiology and pathology. In this study, our objective was to examine ATG7 levels in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to explore potential associations between serum ATG7 levels and PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 188 women diagnosed with PCOS, matched with an equal number of healthy women for comparison. Serum levels of ATG7 were determined using the ELISA technique, and the difference was assessed using an independent samples t test. The association between ATG7 serum levels and the risk of developing PCOS was evaluated by using a multivariable logistic regression model. Additionally, the potential of ATG7 to predict PCOS was investigated through logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS Our study found that women with PCOS had significantly lower serum ATG7 levels than their healthy counterparts. Lower ATG7 levels were associated with a higher risk of developing PCOS after adjusting for various confounding variables. The combination of ATG7 with HOMA-IR performed well in predicting PCOS, with an AUC of 92.3%, a sensitivity of 88.3%, and a specificity of 85.3%. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that serum ATG7 levels were significantly lower in women with PCOS and were associated with an increased risk of developing PCOS. This suggests that ATG7 could potentially serve as a biomarker for diagnosing and managing PCOS.

Total weight loss rather than preoperative body mass index correlates with remission of irregular menstruation after sleeve gastrectomy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting reproductive-aged women. Some retrospective studies with small sample sizes have reported that bariatric metabolic surgery is effective in remission of irregular menstruation in patients with PCOS and obesity. However, the correlation between preoperative body mass index (BMI), postoperative weight loss, and remission of irregular menstruation in patients with obesity and PCOS after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is lack of consensus.

Methods

We enrolled 229 participants with obesity and PCOS who underwent SG. All patients were followed up for one year after surgery. Remission of irregular menstruation was defined as a spontaneous consecutive six-month menstrual cycle in one year. Subgroup analysis was conducted using tertiles of preoperative BMI and postoperative total weight loss (TWL)% to determine their correlation with the remission of irregular menstruation after SG.

Results

79.03% (181/229) patients achieved remission of irregular menstruation one year after SG with a TWL% of 33.25 ± 0.46%. No significant difference was detected in the remission rate among the subgroups with different BMI (P=0.908). TWL% was correlated with the remission of irregular menstruation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.18-2.69, P<0.05).

Conclusions

SG had a significant effect on the remission of irregular menstruation in patients with obesity and PCOS. Preoperative BMI did not emerge as a decisive factor correlated with remission; instead, TWL% showed potential as a key factor.

Elemental evaluation, nutritional analysis, GC-MS analysis and ameliorative effects of Artocarpus communis J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. seeds' phytoconstituents on metabolic syndrome via in silico approach

The nutritional as well as beneficial effects of the Artocarpus communis seed on metabolic syndrome complications have not been studied. In this research, the aim was to investigate the nutritional composition and beneficial effects of Artocarpus communis seeds' phytoconstituents on the p53 core, fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein and cytochrome P450 CYP11A1 domains. The elements and phytochemicals in the seed were determined through atomic absorption spectroscopy assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, respectively. Also, the compounds detected were docked to the p53 core, FTO protein and cytochrome P450 CYP11A1 domains protein. Artocarpus communis seed contains sodium (7.824 ± 0.0134 ppm), magnesium (10.187 ± 0.0239 ppm) and iron (1.924 ± 0.0017), while zinc and cadmium were undetected. Phenolics and flavonoids were the most abundant phytochemicals in the seed. Phytoconstituents, such as pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and methyl ester, possessing different therapeutic effects were identified via GC-MS analysis. In A. communis seed, 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-(1-pyrazolyl) pyrazole and phenanthrene were able to bind more peculiarly and specifically to the p53 core, FTO protein and cytochrome P450 CYP11A1 domains. One of the important processes that were hypothesized for the recovery of metabolic syndrome in affected victims is shown by the molecular dynamics analysis, which shows that the binding of these chemicals to the targeted structure stabilized the proteins. Therefore, Artocarpus communis seeds could be a new strategy for the management of metabolic syndrome.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.