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He Z, Li X, Feng M, Wang X, Wang Y, Chen J. Wild mushroom poisoning: A case study of amatoxin-containing mushrooms and implications for public health. Toxicon 2024; 240:107639. [PMID: 38311256 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Wild mushroom poisoning is a global public health concern, with mushrooms containing amatoxins being the main cause of fatalities. Mushrooms from the genus Amanita and Galerina contain amatoxins. Here we present a case of wild mushroom poisoning that affected three individuals, resulting in two fatalities. Within 10-15 hours after consumption, they experienced symptoms of gastroenteritis such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. One individual sought medical attention promptly and recovered, while the other two sought medical help nearly two or three days after the onset of symptoms, by which time their conditions had already worsened and led to their deaths. The mushrooms were identified belonging to genus Galerina, and laboratory test revealed variations in toxin levels among mushrooms collected from different parts of the decaying stump. The higher levels of α-amanitin, β-amanitin, and γ-amanitin were detected near the base of the tree stump, but trace levels of α-amanitin were found near the top of the stump, while β-amanitin and γ-amanitin were undetectable. This case emphasizes the importance of seeking immediate medical attention when experiencing delayed-onset gastrointestinal symptoms, as it may indicate more severe mushroom poisoning, particularly amatoxin poisoning. Timely and appropriate treatment is equally important. Additionally, consuming different units of the mushrooms in the same incident can lead to varying prognoses due to differences in toxin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifan He
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Feng
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Pengzhou People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Lv B, Liu L, Xiao H, Meng Q, Zhang R, An Y, Jin Y, Ma Y, Gao H, Li Y, He Q, Zhang Y, Liu C, Luo X, Xu X, Zheng F, Tian Y, Zhang H, Yao D. Food-Borne Poisoning Accident from Amanitin Toxin in Wild Mushrooms - Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China, 2023. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:56-59. [PMID: 38269358 PMCID: PMC10803286 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
What is already known about this topic? Fatal poisonings caused by wild mushrooms containing amanita toxins pose a significant threat in the southern regions of China. These toxins primarily induce gastrointestinal symptoms initially, which are then followed by potentially life-threatening acute liver damage. What is added by this report? This report contributes to the existing knowledge on these cases of poisoning by documenting the second occurrences in Hebei Province and the first occurrences in Xingtai City. Five individuals reported consuming wild mushrooms from the same origin, and laboratory tests confirmed the presence of α-amanitin in their blood samples. What are the implications for public health practice? This underscores the risk associated with the collection and consumption of amanita toxin-containing mushrooms in Hebei. It is important to note that the identification of toxic and non-toxic mushrooms should not solely rely on personal experience or appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baopu Lv
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qingbing Meng
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yaqing An
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yingli Jin
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hengbo Gao
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongkai Li
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qian He
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Zhang
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fenshuang Zheng
- Emergency Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yingping Tian
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hongshun Zhang
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqi Yao
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
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