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Zhang M, Chen T. Overview on population screening for carriers with germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes in China. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2021; 19:26. [PMID: 33933134 PMCID: PMC8088635 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-021-00182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes play an important role in maintaining genome stability. Germline mutations in MMR genes disrupt the mismatch repair function and cause genome instability. Carriers with MMR germline mutations are more likely to have MMR deficiency and microsatellite instability (MSI) than non-carriers and are prone to develop colorectal cancer (CRC) and extracolorectal malignancies, known as Lynch syndrome (LS). MMR gene testing for suspected mutation carriers is a reliable method to identify the mutation types and to discover mutation carriers. Given that carriers of MMR germline mutations have a higher risk of LS-related cancers (LS-RC) and a younger age at onset than non-carriers, early surveillance and regular screening of relevant organs of carriers are very important for early detection of related cancers. This review mainly focuses on the general status of MMR carriers, the approaches for early detection and screening, and the surveillance of MMR mutation carriers in China. Population screening of MMR germline mutation carriers in China will be helpful for early detection, early diagnosis and treatment of MMR mutation carriers, which may improve the 5-year survival, and reduce mortality and incidence rate in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention/Experimental Research Center, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Roberts ME, Jackson SA, Susswein LR, Zeinomar N, Ma X, Marshall ML, Stettner AR, Milewski B, Xu Z, Solomon BD, Terry MB, Hruska KS, Klein RT, Chung WK. MSH6 and PMS2 germ-line pathogenic variants implicated in Lynch syndrome are associated with breast cancer. Genet Med 2018; 20:1167-1174. [PMID: 29345684 PMCID: PMC6051923 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE An association of Lynch syndrome (LS) with breast cancer has been long suspected; however, there have been insufficient data to address this question for each of the LS genes individually. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of personal and family history in 423 women with pathogenic or likely pathogenic germ-line variants in MLH1 (N = 65), MSH2 (N = 94), MSH6 (N = 140), or PMS2 (N = 124) identified via clinical multigene hereditary cancer testing. Standard incidence ratios (SIRs) of breast cancer were calculated by comparing breast cancer frequencies in our study population with those in the general population (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 data). RESULTS When evaluating by gene, the age-standardized breast cancer risks for MSH6 (SIR = 2.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56-2.86) and PMS2 (SIR = 2.92; 95% CI, 2.17-3.92) were associated with a statistically significant risk for breast cancer whereas no association was observed for MLH1 (SIR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.42-1.83) or MSH2 (SIR = 1.22; 95% CI, 0.72-2.06). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that two LS genes, MSH6 and PMS2, are associated with an increased risk for breast cancer and should be considered when ordering genetic testing for individuals who have a personal and/or family history of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nur Zeinomar
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xinran Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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3
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Qi Z, Yin L, Xu Y, Wang F. Pegylated liposomal‑paclitaxel induces ovarian cancer cell apoptosis via TNF‑induced ERK/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7497-7504. [PMID: 29620264 PMCID: PMC5983946 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological types of cancer and is characterized by a relatively high incidence and high mortality rate. Evidence has demonstrated that paclitaxel (PTX) is an effective therapeutic treatment for human ovarian cancer. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of pegylated liposomal (PL)-PTX on the growth of ovarian cancer cells were investigated in vitro; a CAOV-3-bearing mouse model was established to investigate the in vivo effects of PL-PTX on ovarian tumor growth. In the present study, the underlying mechanism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway mediated by PL-PTX was analyzed within ovarian cancer cells. The results of the present study revealed that PL-PTX significantly inhibited the growth and aggressiveness of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and apoptotic ability increased upon administration of PL-PTX. The expression levels of caspase-3/9 were significantly upregulated within PL-PTX-treated ovarian cancer cells. The expression and phosphorylation levels of ERK and AKT were markedly increased in response to PL-PTX treatment. In addition, the inhibitory effects of PL-PTX on ovarian cancer cells were eliminated by neutralizing antibodies against TNF. The observations of the present study revealed that PL-PTX induced ovarian cell apoptosis via the TNF-dependent pathway, which was significantly inhibited with the employment of antibodies against TNF. In vivo analysis demonstrated that PL-PTX treatment significantly inhibited ovarian tumor growth and prolonged the survival of tumor bearing mice. In conclusion, the findings of the present study have provided an insight into the potential mechanism of PL-PTX-induced apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. As PL-PTX has been reported to induce ovarian tumor cell apoptosis via the TNF-induced ERK/AKT signaling pathway, PL-PTX may serve as an efficient anticancer drug for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Qi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Yin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yanying Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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Dymerska D, Gołębiewska K, Kuświk M, Rudnicka H, Scott RJ, Billings R, Pławski A, Boruń P, Siołek M, Kozak-Klonowska B, Szwiec M, Kilar E, Huzarski T, Byrski T, Lubiński J, Kurzawski G. New EPCAM founder deletion in Polish population. Clin Genet 2017; 92:649-653. [PMID: 28369810 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that founder mutations associated with cancer risk have useful implications for molecular diagnostics. We report the presence of a founder mutation in EPCAM involved in the etiology of Lynch syndrome (LS). The mutation extends nearly 8.7 kb (c.858 + 2478_*4507del) and is shared by 8 Polish families. Family members suffered almost exclusively from colorectal cancer; however, pancreatic and gastric cancers were also apparent. Next to mutations c. 2041G>A in MLH1 gene and c.942+3A>T in MSH2, the deletion mutation encompassing EPCAM is one of the most common causative changes responsible for LS in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dymerska
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Gołębiewska
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Kuświk
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - H Rudnicka
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - R J Scott
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.,Discipline of Medical Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.,Division of Genetics, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - R Billings
- Division of Genetics, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia
| | - A Pławski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,Department of General, Endocrinological Surgery and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Boruń
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Siołek
- Department of General, Endocrinological Surgery and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,Holy Cross Cancer Center, Counselling Unit, Kielce, Poland
| | - B Kozak-Klonowska
- Department of General, Endocrinological Surgery and Gastroenterological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,Holy Cross Cancer Center, Counselling Unit, Kielce, Poland
| | - M Szwiec
- Holy Cross Cancer Center, Counselling Unit, Kielce, Poland.,Regional Oncology Center, Counselling Unit, Opole, Poland
| | - E Kilar
- Regional Oncology Center, Counselling Unit, Opole, Poland.,Regional Oncology Center, Counselling Unit, Świdnica, Poland
| | - T Huzarski
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - T Byrski
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - J Lubiński
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - G Kurzawski
- Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Razvi MA, Giardiello FM, Law JK. DNA Mismatch Repair and Lynch Syndrome. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-017-0366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Analysis of serum level of HE4 and CA125 considering selected risk factors among patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2017; 20:463-467. [PMID: 28239284 PMCID: PMC5320459 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2016.65606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study To assess the difference of serum level of HE4 and CA125 among patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer, considering the presence or absence of selected risk factors. Material and methods A retrospective study of 46 patients, whose serum level of HE4 and CA125 level was documented, admitted to our Clinic because of endometrioid endometrial cancer. The statistical difference of both markers was analyzed considering certain risk factors. Results In the examined group of patients there was no significant statistical difference of HE4 and CA125 levels among patients with and without the following risk factors: older age, menopausal status, overweight and obesity, hypertension, diabetes, early menarche, and family history of certain cancers. Similar results were obtained within the subgroup of patients with stage I endometrial cancer. Both HE4 and CA125 were significantly higher in premenopausal patients than in those after menopause in the more advanced stages of the disease. The same results were obtained within group of patients with advanced histological grading G2 and G3. In this group, higher levels of CA125 were observed among patients without hypertension. Among patients with histological grade G1 the serum level of HE4 was higher in the group of patients older than 60 years than it was in younger patients. Conclusions In the examined group of patients serum levels of tumour markers may not be affected by the selected risk factors. Higher HE4 and CA125 levels among premenopausal patients may be an alarming sign of advanced stages and classes of histological grading.
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Drescher CW, Beatty JD, Resta R, Andersen MR, Watabayashi K, Thorpe J, Hawley S, Purkey H, Chubak J, Hanson N, Buist DS, Urban N. The effect of referral for genetic counseling on genetic testing and surgical prevention in women at high risk for ovarian cancer: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2016; 122:3509-3518. [PMID: 27447168 PMCID: PMC5253334 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend genetic counseling and testing for women who have a pedigree suggestive of an inherited susceptibility for ovarian cancer. The authors evaluated the effect of referral to genetic counseling on genetic testing and prophylactic oophorectomy in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS Data from an electronic mammography reporting system identified 12,919 women with a pedigree that included breast cancer, of whom 625 were identified who had a high risk for inherited susceptibility to ovarian cancer using a risk-assessment questionnaire. Of these, 458 women provided informed consent and were randomized 1:1 to intervention consisting of a genetic counseling referral (n = 228) or standard clinical care (n = 230). RESULTS Participants were predominantly aged 45 to 65 years, and 30% and 20% reported a personal history of breast cancer or a family history of ovarian cancer, respectively. Eighty-five percent of women in the intervention group participated in a genetic counseling session. Genetic testing was reported by 74 (33%) and 20 (9%) women in the intervention and control arms (P < .005), respectively. Five women in the intervention arm and 2 in the control arm were identified as germline mutation carriers. Ten women in the intervention arm and 3 in the control arm underwent prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Routine referral of women at high risk for ovarian cancer to genetic counseling promotes genetic testing and prophylactic surgery. The findings from the current randomized controlled trial demonstrate the value of implementing strategies that target women at high risk for ovarian cancer to ensure they are offered access to recommended care. CA Cancer J Clin 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society, Inc. Cancer 2016;122:3509-3518. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. Drescher
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - J. David Beatty
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Swedish Cancer Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert Resta
- Swedish Cancer Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - M Robyn Andersen
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kate Watabayashi
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jason Thorpe
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Sarah Hawley
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Hannah Purkey
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Jessica Chubak
- Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Nancy Hanson
- Swedish Cancer Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Diana S.M. Buist
- Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Nicole Urban
- Translational Outcomes Research, Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Comparative Polymorphism of BAT-26 between Healthy Individuals and Cancer Patients and Its Cancer Risk Implication for Local Chinese. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e252-7. [PMID: 26659721 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose BAT-26 is one of the representative markers for microsatellite instability evaluation and presents different polymorphisms in different ethnic populations. The current knowledge of its comparative polymorphism between healthy individuals and cancer patients in the Chinese population is insufficient. This study aims to analyze germline polymorphic variations of BAT-26 between healthy individuals and cancer patients in Chinese from Jiangsu province and the associated cancer risk implications. Methods The various BAT-26 alleles and their percentages in cervical cells from 500 healthy women were assessed by direct sequencing. Twenty of these samples were also analyzed by fragment analysis. BAT-26 of blood DNA from 24 healthy individuals and 247 cancer patients was analyzed by fragment analysis. Results Compared with the sequencing results, 122.6-122.9 bp, 123.4-123.8 bp and 124.1-124.8 bp corresponded to the A25, A26 and A27 alleles, respectively. The 524 healthy individuals showed 4.58%, 92.18% and 3.24% of A25, A26 and A27, respectively. The variant alleles A18, A24, A28, A29 and A32 were only found in cancer patients, accounting for 0.81%, 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.40% and 0.40%, respectively; the A25, A26 and A27 alleles in cancer patients accounted for 6.48%, 77.33% and 13.77%. Conclusions Healthy individuals had a stable BAT-26 profile within the quasimonomorphic variation range (QMVR), but cancer patients harbored variant alleles outside QMVR and showed a trend from quasimonomorph to polymonomorph, suggesting that variant alleles of BAT-26 in germline cells may be regarded as a potential marker of higher cancer risk in the Chinese population from Jiangsu province.
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