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He Z, Lyu J, Lyu L, Long X, Xu B. Identification of a metabolism-linked genomic signature for prognosis and immunotherapeutic efficiency in metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38347. [PMID: 38847706 PMCID: PMC11155616 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma (MSCM) is the most rapidly progressing/invasive skin-based malignancy, with median survival rates of about 12 months. It appears that metabolic disorders accelerate disease progression. However, correlations between metabolism-linked genes (MRGs) and prognosis in MSCM are unclear, and potential mechanisms explaining the correlation are unknown. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was utilized as a training set to develop a genomic signature based on the differentially expressed MRGs (DE-MRGs) between primary skin cutaneous melanoma (PSCM) and MSCM. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was utilized as a validation set to verify the effectiveness of genomic signature. In addition, a nomogram was established to predict overall survival based on genomic signature and other clinic-based characteristics. Moreover, this study investigated the correlations between genomic signature and tumor micro-environment (TME). This study established a genomic signature consisting of 3 genes (CD38, DHRS3, and TYRP1) and classified MSCM patients into low and high-risk cohorts based on the median risk scores of MSCM cases. It was discovered that cases in the high-risk cohort had significantly lower survival than cases in the low-risk cohort across all sets. Furthermore, a nomogram containing this genomic signature and clinic-based parameters was developed and demonstrated high efficiency in predicting MSCM case survival times. Interestingly, Gene Set Variation Analysis results indicated that the genomic signature was involved in immune-related physiological processes. In addition, this study discovered that risk scoring was negatively correlated with immune-based cellular infiltrations in the TME and critical immune-based checkpoint expression profiles, indicating that favorable prognosis may be influenced in part by immunologically protective micro-environments. A novel 3-genomic signature was found to be reliable for predicting MSCM outcomes and may facilitate personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshun He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaolin Long
- Yunnan Bestai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, China
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2
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Mattioli R, Ilari A, Colotti B, Mosca L, Fazi F, Colotti G. Doxorubicin and other anthracyclines in cancers: Activity, chemoresistance and its overcoming. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 93:101205. [PMID: 37515939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines have been important and effective treatments against a number of cancers since their discovery. However, their use in therapy has been complicated by severe side effects and toxicity that occur during or after treatment, including cardiotoxicity. The mode of action of anthracyclines is complex, with several mechanisms proposed. It is possible that their high toxicity is due to the large set of processes involved in anthracycline action. The development of resistance is a major barrier to successful treatment when using anthracyclines. This resistance is based on a series of mechanisms that have been studied and addressed in recent years. This work provides an overview of the anthracyclines used in cancer therapy. It discusses their mechanisms of activity, toxicity, and chemoresistance, as well as the approaches used to improve their activity, decrease their toxicity, and overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mattioli
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council IBPM-CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Colotti
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Dept. Biochemical Sciences A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council IBPM-CNR, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Lian B, Chen X, Shen K. Inhibition of histone deacetylases attenuates tumor progression and improves immunotherapy in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164514. [PMID: 36969235 PMCID: PMC10034161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the common malignancies with poor prognosis worldwide. The treatment of breast cancer patients includes surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has potentiated the survival of certain breast cancer patients; however, primary resistance or acquired resistance attenuate the therapeutic outcomes. Histone acetyltransferases induce histone acetylation on lysine residues, which can be reversed by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Dysregulation of HDACs via mutation and abnormal expression contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Numerous HDAC inhibitors have been developed and exhibited the potent anti-tumor activity in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. HDAC inhibitors ameliorated immunotherapeutic efficacy in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss the anti-tumor activity of HDAC inhibitors in breast cancer, including dacinostat, belinostat, abexinostat, mocetinotat, panobinostat, romidepsin, entinostat, vorinostat, pracinostat, tubastatin A, trichostatin A, and tucidinostat. Moreover, we uncover the mechanisms of HDAC inhibitors in improving immunotherapy in breast cancer. Furthermore, we highlight that HDAC inhibitors might be potent agents to potentiate immunotherapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kunwei Shen
- *Correspondence: Xiaosong Chen, ; Kunwei Shen,
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4
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Systems Drug Design for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and Advanced Bladder Cancer by Genome-Wide Microarray Data and Deep Learning Method with Drug Design Specifications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213869. [PMID: 36430344 PMCID: PMC9692470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer worldwide. Due to the lack of understanding of the oncogenic mechanisms between muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and advanced bladder cancer (ABC) and the limitations of current treatments, novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In this study, we utilized the systems biology method via genome-wide microarray data to explore the oncogenic mechanisms of MIBC and ABC to identify their respective drug targets for systems drug discovery. First, we constructed the candidate genome-wide genetic and epigenetic networks (GWGEN) through big data mining. Second, we applied the system identification and system order detection method to delete false positives in candidate GWGENs to obtain the real GWGENs of MIBC and ABC from their genome-wide microarray data. Third, we extracted the core GWGENs from the real GWGENs by selecting the significant proteins, genes and epigenetics via the principal network projection (PNP) method. Finally, we obtained the core signaling pathways from the corresponding core GWGEN through the annotations of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway to investigate the carcinogenic mechanisms of MIBC and ABC. Based on the carcinogenic mechanisms, we selected the significant drug targets NFKB1, LEF1 and MYC for MIBC, and LEF1, MYC, NOTCH1 and FOXO1 for ABC. To design molecular drug combinations for MIBC and ABC, we employed a deep neural network (DNN)-based drug-target interaction (DTI) model with drug specifications. The DNN-based DTI model was trained by drug-target interaction databases to predict the candidate drugs for MIBC and ABC, respectively. Subsequently, the drug design specifications based on regulation ability, sensitivity and toxicity were employed as filter criteria for screening the potential drug combinations of Embelin and Obatoclax for MIBC, and Obatoclax, Entinostat and Imiquimod for ABC from their candidate drugs. In conclusion, we not only investigated the oncogenic mechanisms of MIBC and ABC, but also provided promising therapeutic options for MIBC and ABC, respectively.
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Taurelli Salimbeni B, Corvaja C, Valenza C, Zagami P, Curigliano G. The triple negative breast cancer drugs graveyard: a review of failed clinical trials 2017-2022. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:1203-1226. [PMID: 36413823 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2151433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15-20% of breast cancers (BC) and has the worst prognosis. It is characterized by the absence of both hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC has more limited therapeutic options compared to other subtypes, meaning that there is still a long way to go to discover target treatments. AREAS COVERED Our review aims to summarize phase II/III clinical trials enrolling patients with TNBC that have been published between 2017 and 2022 but failed to reach their primary endpoint. We here try to emphasize the limitations and weaknesses noted in negative studies and to point out unexpected results which might be useful to enhance the therapeutic approach to TNBC disease. EXPERT OPINION A deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind TNBC heterogeneity allowed to enhance the knowledge of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers of response. However, it is also through several failed clinical trials that we were able to define new therapeutic approaches which improved TNBC patients' clinical outcomes. Nowadays, we still need to overcome several difficulties to fully recognize different intracellular and extracellular pathways that crosstalk in TNBC and the mechanisms of resistance to identify novel tailored-patients' therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Taurelli Salimbeni
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, Irccs, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Oncology Unit, "la Sapienza" University of Rome, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Corvaja
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, Irccs, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carmine Valenza
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, Irccs, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Zagami
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, Irccs, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, Irccs, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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6
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Mi Y, Wang X. Comprehensive Investigation of Genes Associated Cell Cycle Pathways for Prognosis and Immunotherapy in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2022; 41:1-12. [DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2022041342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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7
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Turkez H, Arslan ME, Yilmaz A, Doru F, Caglar O, Arslan E, Tatar A, Hacımuftuoglu A, Abd El-Aty AM, Mardinoglu A. In vitro transcriptome response to propolis in differentiated SH-SY5Y neurons. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13990. [PMID: 34730243 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is the extract of a resinous compound that protects plants from both cold and microorganism attack and has gained a strong and sticky property because it is transformed after being collected by honey bees. Up to date, many studies have shown that propolis exhibited various beneficial biological activities, such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antitumor effects. Recent reports propounded the in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effect of propolis; however, the exact molecular genetic mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the toxicogenomic and beneficial properties, including cytotoxic, antioxidant, apoptotic/necrotic as well as genotoxic effects of propolis (1.56-200 µg/ml) on differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Additionally, microarray analysis was conducted on cell cultures following propolis application to explore gene differentiation. Differentially expressed genes were further analyzed using string software to characterize protein-protein interactions between gene pathways. Our results revealed that propolis applications could not have a prominent effect on cell viability even at concentrations up to 200 µg/ml. The highest propolis concentration induced apoptotic rather than necrotic cell death. The alterations in gene expression profiles, including CYP26A1, DHRS2, DHRS3, DYNC1I1, IGF2, ITGA4, SVIL, TGFβ1, and TGM2 could participate in the neuroprotective effects of propolis. In conclusion, propolis supplementation exerted remarkable advantageous; thus, it may offer great potential as a natural component in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Whole-genome gene expression pattern following propolis application was investigated for the first time in neuronal cell culture to fill a gap in the literature about propolis toxicogenomics. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Propolis is a very rich product in terms of benefits. In addition to its antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory content, it is known to have preventive and therapeutic properties for many different ailments. On the other hand, molecular mechanisms of propolis on gene expression differentiations haven't been investigated until now. Moreover, gene expression pattern is vital for all living organisms to maintain homeostasis. Thus, we conduct an experiment series for analyzing gene expression differentiation effects on neuronal cells to understand beneficial properties of propolis. Hence, it could be possible to comment on the use of propolis as a nutritional factor and beneficial diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yilmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Funda Doru
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozge Caglar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Elif Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacımuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
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8
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Llinàs-Arias P, Íñiguez-Muñoz S, McCann K, Voorwerk L, Orozco JIJ, Ensenyat-Mendez M, Sesé B, DiNome ML, Marzese DM. Epigenetic Regulation of Immunotherapy Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4139. [PMID: 34439290 PMCID: PMC8394958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the absence of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression. This malignancy, representing 15-20% of breast cancers, is a clinical challenge due to the lack of targeted treatments, higher intrinsic aggressiveness, and worse outcomes than other breast cancer subtypes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising efficacy for early-stage and advanced TNBC, but this seems limited to a subgroup of patients. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that determine immunotherapy efficiency is essential to identifying which TNBC patients will respond to immunotherapy-based treatments and help to develop new therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence supports that epigenetic alterations, including aberrant chromatin architecture conformation and the modulation of gene regulatory elements, are critical mechanisms for immune escape. These alterations are particularly interesting since they can be reverted through the inhibition of epigenetic regulators. For that reason, several recent studies suggest that the combination of epigenetic drugs and immunotherapeutic agents can boost anticancer immune responses. In this review, we focused on the contribution of epigenetics to the crosstalk between immune and cancer cells, its relevance on immunotherapy response in TNBC, and the potential benefits of combined treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Llinàs-Arias
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Sandra Íñiguez-Muñoz
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Kelly McCann
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Leonie Voorwerk
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Javier I. J. Orozco
- Saint John’s Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John’s Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA;
| | - Miquel Ensenyat-Mendez
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Borja Sesé
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
| | - Maggie L. DiNome
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA;
| | - Diego M. Marzese
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain; (P.L.-A.); (S.Í.-M.); (M.E.-M.); (B.S.)
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Augimeri G, Montalto FI, Giordano C, Barone I, Lanzino M, Catalano S, Andò S, De Amicis F, Bonofiglio D. Nutraceuticals in the Mediterranean Diet: Potential Avenues for Breast Cancer Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:2557. [PMID: 34444715 PMCID: PMC8400469 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Mediterranean Diet constitutes a food model that refers to the dietary patterns of the population living in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the early 1960s. A huge volume of literature data suggests that the Mediterranean-style diet provides several dietary compounds that have been reported to exert beneficial biological effects against a wide spectrum of chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer including breast carcinoma. Among bioactive nutrients identified as protective factors for breast cancer, natural polyphenols, retinoids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumoral properties. The multiple anticancer mechanisms involved include the modulation of molecular events and signaling pathways associated with cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, antioxidant enzymes and immune responses. This review summarizes the anticancer action of some polyphenols, like resveratrol and epigallocatechin 3-gallate, retinoids and omega-3 PUFAs by highlighting the important hallmarks of cancer in terms of (i) cell cycle growth arrest, (ii) apoptosis, (iii) inflammation and (iv) angiogenesis. The data collected from in vitro and in vivo studies strongly indicate that these natural compounds could be the prospective candidates for the future anticancer therapeutics in breast cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
| | - Francesca Ida Montalto
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Marilena Lanzino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (G.A.); (F.I.M.); (C.G.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (F.D.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Bobde Y, Paul M, Patel T, Biswas S, Ghosh B. Polymeric micelles of a copolymer composed of all-trans retinoic acid, methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol), and b-poly(N-(2 hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) as a doxorubicin-delivery platform and for combination chemotherapy in breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120866. [PMID: 34237409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of combination chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor via nanovesicles has the potential for superior tumor suppression and reduced toxicity. Herein, we prepare a block copolymer (mPH-RA) composed of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG), b-poly(N-(2 hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) (pHPMA), and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) by conjugating ATRA to the pre-formed copolymer, mPEG-b-pHPMA(mP-b-pH). Doxorubicin-loaded micelles, Dox@mP-b-pH, and Dox@mPH-RA were characterized by determining particle size, zeta potential, % DL, EE, Dox release, hemolysis study, and by DSC. The Dox@mPH-RA micelles (mPH-RA: Dox ratios of 10:0.5-2) displayed nano-size (36-45 nm), EE. 26-74%, and DL. 2.9-5.6%. Dox@mPH-RA micelles displayed the highest penetrability and cytotoxicity than free Dox and Dox@mP-b-pH micelles in breast cancer cell lines. Dox@mPH-RA exhibited the highest induction of apoptosis (94.1 ± 3%) than Dox (52.1 ± 4.5%), and Dox@mP-b-pH (81.7 ± 3%), and arrested cells in the highest population in G2 and S phase. Dox@mPH-RA increased the t1/2 and Cmax of Dox and demonstrated improved therapeutic efficacy and highest Dox distribution to the tumor. The Dox@mPH-RA increased the levels of apoptosis markers, caspase 3, 7, Ki-67, and caused the highest DNA fragmentation. The presence of RA improved the micelles' physicochemical properties, Dox-loading ability, and the therapeutic potential in Dox@mPH-RA via the combination therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Bobde
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India; Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Milan Paul
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Patel
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India.
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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Du M, Gong P, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang F, Wang X. Histone methyltransferase SETD1A participates in lung cancer progression. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2247-2257. [PMID: 34219384 PMCID: PMC8365002 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide, with an estimated 1.2 million deaths each year. Despite advances in lung cancer treatment, 5‐year survival rates are lower than ~15%, which is attributes to diagnosis limitations and current clinical drug resistance. Recently, more evidence has suggested that epigenome dysregulation is associated with the initiation and progress of cancer, and targeting epigenome‐related molecules improves cancer symptoms. Interestingly, some groups reported that the level of methylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) was increased in lung tumors and participated in abnormal transcriptional regulation. However, a mechanistic analysis is not available. In this report, we found that the SET domain containing 1A (SETD1A), the enzyme for H3K4me3, was elevated in lung cancer tissue compared to normal lung tissue. Knockdown of SETD1A in A549 and H1299 cells led to defects in cell proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), as evidenced by inhibited WNT and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathways, compared with the control group. Xenograft assays also revealed a decreased tumor growth and EMT in the SETD1A silenced group compared with the control group. Mechanistic analysis suggested that SETD1A might regulate tumor progression via several critical oncogenes, which exhibited enhanced H3K4me3 levels around transcriptional start sites in lung cancer. This study illustrates the important role of SETD1A in lung cancer and provides a potential drug target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Piping Gong
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Yanguo Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Linyi, China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Hellmann MD, Jänne PA, Opyrchal M, Hafez N, Raez LE, Gabrilovich DI, Wang F, Trepel JB, Lee MJ, Yuno A, Lee S, Brouwer S, Sankoh S, Wang L, Tamang D, Schmidt EV, Meyers ML, Ramalingam SS, Shum E, Ordentlich P. Entinostat plus Pembrolizumab in Patients with Metastatic NSCLC Previously Treated with Anti-PD-(L)1 Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:1019-1028. [PMID: 33203644 PMCID: PMC7887114 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE New therapies are needed to treat immune checkpoint inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify biomarkers to personalize treatment. Epigenetic therapies, including histone deacetylase inhibitors, may synergize with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) blockade to overcome resistance. We report outcomes in patients with anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 [PD-(L)1]-resistant/refractory NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab plus entinostat in ENCORE 601. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expansion cohort of ENCORE 601 included patients with NSCLC who previously experienced disease progression with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The primary endpoint for the phase II expansion cohort is overall response rate (ORR); safety, tolerability, and exploratory endpoints are described. RESULTS Of 76 treated patients, 71 were evaluable for efficacy. immune-regulated RECIST-assessed ORR was 9.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8-18.1], which did not meet the prespecified threshold for positivity. Median duration of response was 10.1 months (95% CI: 3.9-not estimable), progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months was 22%, median PFS was 2.8 months (95% CI: 1.5-4.1), and median overall survival was 11.7 months (95% CI: 7.6-13.4). Benefit was enriched among patients with high levels of circulating classical monocytes at baseline. Baseline tumor PD-L1 expression and IFNγ gene expression were not associated with benefit. Treatment-related grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 41% of patients. CONCLUSIONS In anti-PD-(L)1-experienced patients with NSCLC, entinostat plus pembrolizumab did not achieve the primary response rate endpoint but provided a clinically meaningful benefit, with objective response in 9% of patients. No new toxicities, including immune-related adverse events, were seen for either drug. Future studies will continue to evaluate the association of monocyte levels and response.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Benzamides/administration & dosage
- Benzamides/adverse effects
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/mortality
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/immunology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/mortality
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Progression-Free Survival
- Pyridines/administration & dosage
- Pyridines/adverse effects
- Pyridines/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Luis E Raez
- Memorial Cancer Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Fang Wang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Susan Brouwer
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Serap Sankoh
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Lei Wang
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - David Tamang
- Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Elaine Shum
- Perlmutter Cancer Institute at NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
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13
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Ullah M, Aoudjeghout W, Pimpie C, Pocard M, Mirshahi M. Mitosis in Cancer Cell Increases Immune Resistance via High Expression of HLA-G and PD-L1. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092661. [PMID: 32961872 PMCID: PMC7564851 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a result of "aggressive" division and uncontrolled proliferation of the abnormal cells that survive attack by immune cells. We investigated the expression of HLA-G and PD-L1 with the different stages of cancer cell division along with their role in the interaction of immune cells in vitro. Ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3) and chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) are used for this study. The correlation of protein expression with percentage of cells in each phase (G1, S and G2 phase) was evaluated through FACS. Cells were synchronized in G1, G2 and mitotic phase to evaluate gene (RT-qPCR) and protein expression (FACS). Real-time immune cell attack (RTICA) analysis with PBMCs (peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells) and cancer cells were performed. We found that cells expressing higher levels of HLA-G and PD-L1 are mainly in G2 phase and those expressing lower levels are mainly in G1 phase. Evidently, the higher expression of the two proteins was observed when synchronized in mitotic phase as compared to low expression when synchronized in G1 phase. RTICA analysis showed the presence of HLA-G delayed the lysis of the cells. In conclusion, the cancer cell can escape from immune cells in division stage that suggests the impact of mitosis index for cancer immunotherapy.
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14
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Quagliano A, Gopalakrishnapillai A, Barwe SP. Understanding the Mechanisms by Which Epigenetic Modifiers Avert Therapy Resistance in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:992. [PMID: 32670880 PMCID: PMC7326773 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of resistance to anti-cancer therapeutics remains one of the core issues preventing the improvement of survival rates in cancer. Therapy resistance can arise in a multitude of ways, including the accumulation of epigenetic alterations in cancer cells. By remodeling DNA methylation patterns or modifying histone proteins during oncogenesis, cancer cells reorient their epigenomic landscapes in order to aggressively resist anti-cancer therapy. To combat these chemoresistant effects, epigenetic modifiers such as DNA hypomethylating agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone demethylase inhibitors, along with others have been used. While these modifiers have achieved moderate success when used either alone or in combination with one another, the most positive outcomes were achieved when they were used in conjunction with conventional anti-cancer therapies. Epigenome modifying drugs have succeeded in sensitizing cancer cells to anti-cancer therapy via a variety of mechanisms: disrupting pro-survival/anti-apoptotic signaling, restoring cell cycle control and preventing DNA damage repair, suppressing immune system evasion, regulating altered metabolism, disengaging pro-survival microenvironmental interactions and increasing protein expression for targeted therapies. In this review, we explore different mechanisms by which epigenetic modifiers induce sensitivity to anti-cancer therapies and encourage the further identification of the specific genes involved with sensitization to facilitate development of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Quagliano
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Sonali P. Barwe
- Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
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15
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Alehaideb Z, AlGhamdi S, Yahya WB, Al-Eidi H, Alharbi M, Alaujan M, Albaz A, Tukruni M, Nehdi A, Abdulla MH, Matou-Nasri S. Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Calligonum comosum (L'Her.) Methanolic Extract in Human Triple-Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. J Evid Based Integr Med 2020; 25:2515690X20978391. [PMID: 33302699 PMCID: PMC7734547 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x20978391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype, does not respond to targeted therapy due to the lack of hormone receptors. There is an urgent need for alternative therapies, including natural product-based anti-cancer drugs, at lower cost. We investigated the impact of a Calligonum comosum L'Hér. methanolic extract (CcME) on the TNBC MDA-MB-231 cell line proliferation and related cell death mechanisms performing cell viability and cytotoxicity assays, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The apoptosis-related protein array and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay were also carried out. We showed that the CcME inhibited the TNBC cell viability, in a dose-dependent manner, with low cytotoxic effects. The CcME-treated TNBC cells underwent apoptosis, associated with a concomitant increase of apoptosis-related protein expression, including cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and the anti-oxidant enzyme catalase, compared with the untreated cells. The CcME also enhanced the mitochondrial transition pore opening activity and induced G0/G1 cell growth arrest, which confirmed the cytochrome c release and the increase of the p21 expression detected in the CcME-treated TNBC cells. The CcME-treated TNBC cells resulted in intracellular ROS production, which, when blocked with a ROS scavenger, did not reduce the CcME-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, CcME exerts anti-proliferative effects against TNBC cells through the induction of apoptosis and cell growth arrest. In vivo studies are justified to verify the CcME anti-proliferative activities and to investigate any potential anti-metastatic activities of CcME against TNBC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad Alehaideb
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh AlGhamdi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Research Department, Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam Bin Yahya
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Al-Eidi
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Alharbi
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monira Alaujan
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Albaz
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muruj Tukruni
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atef Nehdi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabine Matou-Nasri
- Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Tomaselli D, Lucidi A, Rotili D, Mai A. Epigenetic polypharmacology: A new frontier for epi-drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:190-244. [PMID: 31218726 PMCID: PMC6917854 DOI: 10.1002/med.21600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, despite the great success achieved by the so-called "magic bullets" in the treatment of different diseases through a marked and specific interaction with the target of interest, the pharmacological research is moving toward the development of "molecular network active compounds," embracing the related polypharmacology approach. This strategy was born to overcome the main limitations of the single target therapy leading to a superior therapeutic effect, a decrease of adverse reactions, and a reduction of potential mechanism(s) of drug resistance caused by robustness and redundancy of biological pathways. It has become clear that multifactorial diseases such as cancer, neurological, and inflammatory disorders, may require more complex therapeutic approaches hitting a certain biological system as a whole. Concerning epigenetics, the goal of the multi-epi-target approach consists in the development of small molecules able to simultaneously and (often) reversibly bind different specific epi-targets. To date, two dual histone deacetylase/kinase inhibitors (CUDC-101 and CUDC-907) are in an advanced stage of clinical trials. In the last years, the growing interest in polypharmacology encouraged the publication of high-quality reviews on combination therapy and hybrid molecules. Hence, to update the state-of-the-art of these therapeutic approaches avoiding redundancy, herein we focused only on multiple medication therapies and multitargeting compounds exploiting epigenetic plus nonepigenetic drugs reported in the literature in 2018. In addition, all the multi-epi-target inhibitors known in literature so far, hitting two or more epigenetic targets, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Lucidi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Pasteur Institute - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Viale
Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
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17
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Malecki KMC. Epigenetics and differential effects of aspirin on breast cancer survival: Opportunities for understanding human susceptibility and risk. Cancer 2019; 125:3709-3713. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. C. Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison Madison Wisconsin
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18
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Lv X, He M, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Zhu W, Jiang L, Yan Y, Fan Y, Zhao H, Zhou S, Ma H, Sun Y, Li X, Xu H, Wei M. Identification of potential key genes and pathways predicting pathogenesis and prognosis for triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:172. [PMID: 31297036 PMCID: PMC6599314 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0884-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis due to its aggressive biological behaviour and lack of therapeutic targets. We aimed to explore some novel genes and pathways related to TNBC prognosis through bioinformatics methods as well as potential initiation and progression mechanisms. Methods Breast cancer mRNA data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Differential expression analysis of cancer and adjacent cancer, as well as, triple negative breast cancer and non-triple negative breast cancer were performed using R software. The key genes related to the pathogenesis were identified by functional and pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis. Based on univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analyses, a gene signature was established to predict overall survival. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prognostic performance of our model. Results Based on mRNA expression profiling of breast cancer patients from the TCGA database, 755 differentially expressed overlapping mRNAs were detected between TNBC/non-TNBC samples and normal tissue. We found eight hub genes associated with the cell cycle pathway highly expressed in TNBC. Additionally, a novel six-gene (TMEM252, PRB2, SMCO1, IVL, SMR3B and COL9A3) signature from the 755 differentially expressed mRNAs was constructed and significantly associated with prognosis as an independent prognostic signature. TNBC patients with high-risk scores based on the expression of the 6-mRNAs had significantly shorter survival times compared to patients with low-risk scores (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The eight hub genes we identified might be tightly correlated with TNBC pathogenesis. The 6-mRNA signature established might act as an independent biomarker with a potentially good performance in predicting overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Lv
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao He
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjing Zhu
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Longyang Jiang
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Fan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongliang Zhao
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuqi Zhou
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Heyao Ma
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yezhi Sun
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiang Li
- 3Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042 China
| | - Hong Xu
- 3Department of Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042 China
| | - Minjie Wei
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumour Drug Development and Evaluation, Shenyang, China
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