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Li Q, Xing Y, Zhu Z, Fei X, Tang Y, Lu J. Effects of computerized cognitive training on functional brain networks in patients with vascular cognitive impairment and no dementia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14779. [PMID: 38828650 PMCID: PMC11145123 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Previous neuroimaging studies of vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (VCIND), have reported functional alterations, but far less is known about the effects of cognitive training on functional connectivity (FC) of intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs) and how they relate to intervention-related cognitive improvement. This study provides comprehensive research on the changes in intra- and inter-brain functional networks in patients with VCIND who received computerized cognitive training, with a focus on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies. METHODS We prospectively collected 60 patients with VCIND who were randomly divided into the training group (N = 30) receiving computerized cognitive training and the control group (N = 30) receiving fixed cognitive training. Functional MRI scans and cognitive assessments were performed at baseline, at the 7-week training, and at the 6-month follow-up. Utilizing templates for ICNs, the study employed a linear mixed model to compare intra- and inter-network FC changes between the two groups. Pearson correlation was applied to calculate the relationship between FC and cognitive function. RESULTS We found significantly decreased intra-network FC within the default mode network (DMN) following computerized cognitive training at Month 6 (p = 0.034), suggesting a potential loss of functional specialization. Computerized training led to increased functional coupling between the DMN and sensorimotor network (SMN) (p = 0.01) and between the language network (LN) and executive control network (ECN) at Month 6 (p < 0.001), indicating compensatory network adaptations in patients with VCIND. Notably, the intra-LN exhibited enhanced functional specialization after computerized cognitive training (p = 0.049), with significant FC increases among LN regions, which correlated with improvements in neuropsychological measures (p < 0.05), emphasizing the targeted impact of computerized cognitive training on language abilities. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into neuroplasticity and adaptive changes resulting from cognitive training in patients with VCIND, with implications for potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong‐Ge Li
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zu‐De Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Language AbilityJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Lu Fei
- Department of Information, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain InformaticsBeijingChina
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Gunuc S, Koylu EO. Investigation of the Relationships Between Beck Depression/Anxiety Scores and Neuropsychological Tests Scores with Lifestyle Behaviors in the Context of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis Approach. Neuroscience 2023; 516:62-74. [PMID: 36805428 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the relationships between lifestyle behaviors within the scope of neuroplasticity and neurogenesis approach and depression, anxiety and neuropsychological test scores were examined. As this study aimed to reveal the relationships between events or variables, it was designed using the "descriptive cross-sectional study" method, one of descriptive and relational research methods, was used. The data were collected from 117 students by the researchers using the Öktem Verbal Memory Test, WCST, Digit Span Test, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Scale and Lifestyle Behaviors Survey.According to the results, the quality of sport/exercise and the quality of life showed a significant difference in the depression model, while social support demonstrated a significant difference in the anxiety model. It was seen that those with high scores in life quality and in perceived social support had significantly lower depression and anxiety scores. Moreover, those with good levels of sleep quality, social interaction and nutrition had significantly lower depression scores.Both depression and anxiety scores of those who did sport/exercise, which was among the lifestyle behaviors, were found to be significantly lower. Lastly, the correlations between the neuropsychological test scores and the depression and anxiety scores were examined, and a significant positive correlation was found between both depression and anxiety scores and the "failure to maintain set" scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Gunuc
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Ersin O Koylu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, İzmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey.
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Correlations between age, biomedical variables, and cognition in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res Cogn 2020; 22:100182. [PMID: 32577406 PMCID: PMC7303996 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2020.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To illustrate the influence of clinical variables on cognition performance in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods Using the 66nao Brain Training device (a novel measurement tool), the cognitive performance of 99 patients with SCZ was evaluated. Patients were diagnosed by the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for SCZ, and their age were 16–68 years old. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between age, biomedical variables and specific cognitive domains in patients with SCZ. Patients were divided into two groups: various of cognitive domains impairment group and non-impairment group according to the norm scores. All data were analyzed using RStudio Version 1.0.44 (RStudio, Inc.) Results Patients with SCZ had obvious cognitive impairment in total and five subdomains of cognitive function. We found that 1) SCZ patients with impaired cognitive total score experienced significant older age and longer illness duration compared with those with normal cognitive total score. 2) SCZ patients with impaired memory experienced significant older age compared with those with normal memory. 3) SCZ patients with impaired attention showed significant lower serum triglyceride (TG) level compared with those with normal attention. 4) SCZ patients with impaired flexibility performed significant longer illness duration compared with those with normal flexibility. 5) SCZ patients with impaired cognitive agility performed significant older age, longer duration, and higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared with those with normal cognitive agility. 6) The age, illness duration and SBP in patients with impaired time perception were marginally different from those of subjects with normal time perception. Conclusion There are five dimensions (memory, attention, flexibility, cognitive agility, and time perception) of cognitive dysfunction in SCZ patients. Age, illness duration, TG, and SBP might play vital roles in various subdomains of the cognitive deficits respectively in patients with SCZ.
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Barha CK, Falck RS, Skou ST, Liu-Ambrose T. Personalising exercise recommendations for healthy cognition and mobility in ageing: time to consider one's pre-existing function and genotype (Part 2). Br J Sports Med 2020; 55:301-303. [PMID: 33023881 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy K Barha
- Physical Therapy, Facutly of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan S Falck
- Physical Therapy, Facutly of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Søren T Skou
- Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Physical Therapy, Facutly of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Xing Y, Zhu Z, Du Y, Zhang J, Qu Q, Sun L, Li Y, Guo Y, Peng G, Liu Y, Yu Y, Qiao Y, Xie B, Shi X, Lu J, Jia J, Tang Y. The Efficacy of COGnitive tRaining in patiEnts with Amnestic mild coGnitive impairmENT (COG-REAGENT): Protocol for a Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:779-787. [PMID: 32333590 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xing
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zude Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Language Ability, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyi Yu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Qiao
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Beijia Xie
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xinrui Shi
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Yan CQ, Zhou P, Wang X, Tu JF, Hu SQ, Huo JW, Wang ZY, Shi GX, Zhang YN, Li JQ, Wang J, Liu CZ. Efficacy and neural mechanism of acupuncture treatment in older adults with subjective cognitive decline: study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028317. [PMID: 31601583 PMCID: PMC6797373 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to individuals' perceived decline in memory and/or other cognitive abilities relative to their previous level of performance, while objective neuropsychological deficits are not observed. SCD may represent a preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease. At this very early stage of decline, intervention could slow the rate of incipient decline to prolong and preserve cognitive and functional abilities. However, there is no effective treatment recommended for individuals with SCD. Acupuncture, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has been widely employed for patients with cognitive disorders. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The proposed study is a randomised, assessor-blinded and placebo-controlled study that investigates the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture in SCD. Sixty patients with SCD will be randomly allocated either into an acupuncture group or a sham acupuncture group. They will receive 24 sessions of real acupuncture treatment or identical treatment sessions using a placebo needle. Global cognitive changes based on a multidomain neuropsychological test battery will be evaluated to detect the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment at baseline and end of treatment. MRI scans will be used to explore acupuncture-related neuroplasticity changes. Correlation analyses will be performed to investigate the relationships between the changes in brain function and symptom improvement. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The trial was approved by the research ethics committee. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed academic journal and will also be disseminated electronically through conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03444896.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun Yan
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Acupuncture and moxibustion, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Feng Tu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Qing Hu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wei Huo
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Xia Shi
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Qiu Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and moxibustion, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Tang Y, Xing Y, Zhu Z, He Y, Li F, Yang J, Liu Q, Li F, Teipel SJ, Zhao G, Jia J. The effects of 7‐week cognitive training in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (the Cog‐VACCINE study): A randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Dement 2019; 15:605-614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Zude Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Language AbilityJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and ConnectomicsBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fang Li
- Department of GeriatricFu Xing HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianwei Yang
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fangyu Li
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
| | - Stefan J. Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic MedicineUniversity Medicine RostockRostockGermany
- DZNEGerman Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesRostockGermany
| | - Guoguang Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianping Jia
- Department of NeurologyXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Innovation Center for Neurological DisordersXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijingChina
- Center of Alzheimer's DiseaseBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive DisordersBeijingChina
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Zhou Q, Lu X, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Li J, Zhu Z. Telerehabilitation Combined Speech-Language and Cognitive Training Effectively Promoted Recovery in Aphasia Patients. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2312. [PMID: 30524349 PMCID: PMC6262900 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the efficacy of a computerized intervention for aphasia that combined speech-language and cognitive training delivered on an inpatient unit or via telerehabilitation to discharged patients. Forty inpatient and discharged aphasia patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the training group or control group. Computerized speech-language and cognitive training was provided for 14 days to the inpatients and 30 days to the discharged patients. Compared with the control group, training group had significantly more improved language function as assessed by the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and practical communication skills as assessed by the Communicative Abilities in Daily Living Test (CADL). It was also found that the positive effects of the computerized training when delivered via telerehabilitation to the discharged group were smaller than the effects when delivered on the inpatient unit. The results suggest that combining speech-language and cognitive training program is efficacious in promoting the recovery of patients with aphasia, both inpatients and discharged patients, and that the program works even when administered from a remote location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Sucheng People's Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Zhenghui Sun
- School of Linguistics Sciences and Arts, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Language Competence, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zude Zhu
- School of Linguistics Sciences and Arts, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Language Competence, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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Abstract
The term vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) was introduced around the start of the new millennium and refers to the contribution of vascular pathology to any severity of cognitive impairment, ranging from subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Although vascular pathology is common in elderly individuals with cognitive decline, pure vascular dementia (that is, dementia caused solely by vascular pathology) is uncommon. Indeed, most patients with vascular dementia also have other types of pathology, the most common of which is Alzheimer disease (specifically, the diffuse accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau). At present, the main treatment for VCI is prevention by treating vascular diseases and other risk factors for VCI, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Despite the current paucity of disease-modifying pharmacological treatments, we foresee that eventually, we might be able to target specific brain diseases to prevent cognitive decline and dementia.
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Čelutkienė J, Vaitkevičius A, Jakštienė S, Jatužis D. Expert Opinion-Cognitive Decline in Heart Failure: More Attention is Needed. Card Fail Rev 2016; 2:106-109. [PMID: 28785462 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2016:19:2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a prevalent condition and independent prognostic marker of unfavourable outcomes in patients with heart failure. The highest prevalence, up to 80 %, is reported in patients hospitalised due to acute decompensation. Numerous factors contribute to cognitive dysfunction in heart failure patients, with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, stroke and impaired haemodynamics being the most relevant. Cerebral hypoperfusion, disruption of blood-brain barrier, oxidative damage and brain-derived cytokines are pathogenic links between heart failure and alteration of cognitive functioning. White matter hyperintensities, lacunar infarcts and generalised volume loss are common features revealed by neuroimaging. Typically affected cognitive domains are presented. Assessment of cognitive functioning, even by simple screening tests, should be part of routine clinical examination of heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Čelutkienė
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arūnas Vaitkevičius
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Silvija Jakštienė
- Department of Radiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Jatužis
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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