1
|
Carnevale A, Mannocchi I, Schena E, Carli M, Sassi MSH, Marino M, Longo UG. Performance Evaluation of an Immersive Virtual Reality Application for Rehabilitation after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1305. [PMID: 38002429 PMCID: PMC10668954 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of shoulder rehabilitation in virtual environments. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of a custom virtual reality application (VR app) with a stereophotogrammetric system considered the gold standard. A custom VR app was designed considering the recommended rehabilitation exercises following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Following the setting of the play space, the user's arm length, and height, five healthy volunteers performed four levels of rehabilitative exercises. Results for the first and second rounds of flexion and abduction displayed low total mean absolute error values and low numbers of unmet conditions. In internal and external rotation, the number of times conditions were not met was slightly higher; this was attributed to a lack of isolated shoulder movement. Data is promising, and volunteers were able to reach goal conditions more often than not. Despite positive results, more literature comparing VR applications with gold-standard clinical parameters is necessary. Nevertheless, results contribute to a body of literature that continues to encourage the application of VR to shoulder rehabilitation programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Carnevale
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Ilaria Mannocchi
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, Via Vito Volterra, 62, 00146 Roma, Italy; (I.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.H.S.)
| | - Emiliano Schena
- Unit of Measurement and Biomedical Instrumentation, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy;
| | - Marco Carli
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, Via Vito Volterra, 62, 00146 Roma, Italy; (I.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.H.S.)
| | - Mohamed Saifeddine Hadj Sassi
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, Via Vito Volterra, 62, 00146 Roma, Italy; (I.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.H.S.)
| | - Martina Marino
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Umile Giuseppe Longo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.)
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shim GY, Kim EH, Baek YJ, Chang WK, Kim BR, Oh JH, Lee JI, Hwang JH, Lim JY. A randomized controlled trial of postoperative rehabilitation using digital healthcare system after rotator cuff repair. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:95. [PMID: 37221303 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00842-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A digital healthcare system based on augmented reality (AR) has promising uses for postoperative rehabilitation. We compare effectiveness of AR-based and conventional rehabilitation in patients after rotator cuff repair (RCR). This study randomly allocates 115 participants who underwent RCR to digital healthcare rehabilitation group (DR group) and conventional rehabilitation group (CR group). The DR group performs AR-based home exercises using UINCARE Home+, whereas the CR group performs brochure-based home exercises. The primary outcome is a change in the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score between baseline and 12 weeks postoperatively. The secondary outcomes are the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI) score; EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ5D5L) questionnaire score; pain; range of motion (ROM); muscle strength; and handgrip strength. The outcomes are measured at baseline, and at 6, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively. The change in SST score between baseline and 12 weeks postoperatively is significantly greater in the DR group than in the CR group (p = 0.025). The SPADI, DASH, and EQ5D5L scores demonstrate group×time interactions (p = 0.001, = 0.04, and = 0.016, respectively). However, no significant differences over time are observed between the groups in terms of pain, ROM, muscle strength, and handgrip strength. The outcomes show significant improvement in both groups (all p < 0.001). No adverse events are reported during the interventions. AR-based rehabilitation shows better improvement in terms of shoulder function after RCR compared to conventional rehabilitation. Therefore, as an alternative to the conventional rehabilitation, the digital healthcare system is effective for postoperative rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Yang Shim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Baek
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kee Chang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Han Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong In Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Hwang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|