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Zhang X, Miao Q, Tang B, Mijakovic I, Ji XJ, Qu L, Wei Y. Discovery of novel alkaline-tolerant xylanases from fecal microbiota of dairy cows. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:182. [PMID: 38012750 PMCID: PMC10683242 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are considered as a promising type of prebiotics that can be used in foods, feeds, and healthcare products. Xylanases play a key role in the production of XOS from xylan. In this study, we conducted a metagenomic analysis of the fecal microbiota from dairy cows fed with different types of fodders. Despite the diversity in their diets, the main phyla observed in all fecal microbiota were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, one group of dairy cows that were fed probiotic fermented herbal mixture-containing fodders displayed decreased abundance of Methanobrevibacter and increased growth of beneficial Akkermansia bacteria. Additionally, this group exhibited a high microbial richness and diversity. Through our analysis, we obtained a comprehensive dataset comprising over 280,000 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes. Among these, we identified a total of 163 potential xylanase genes and subsequently expressed 34 of them in Escherichia coli. Out of the 34 expressed genes, two alkaline xylanases with excellent temperature stability and pH tolerance were obtained. Notably, CDW-xyl-8 exhibited xylanase activity of 96.1 ± 7.5 U/mg protein, with an optimal working temperature of 55 ℃ and optimal pH of 8.0. CDW-xyl-16 displayed an activity of 427.3 ± 9.1 U/mg protein with an optimal pH of 8.5 and an optimal temperature at 40 ℃. Bioinformatic analyses and structural modeling suggest that CDW-xyl-8 belongs to GH10 family xylanase, and CDW-xyl-16 is a GH11 family xylanase. Both enzymes have the ability to hydrolyze beechwood xylan and produce XOS. In conclusion, this metagenomic study provides valuable insights into the fecal microbiota composition of dairy cows fed different fodder types, revealing main microbial groups and demonstrating the abundance of xylanases. Furthermore, the characterization of two novel xylanases highlights their potential application in XOS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qin Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bingling Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Santana MB, Soares LB, Zanella E, Fellipe da Silva M, Stambuk BU, Goldbeck R, Ambrosi A, Zielinski A, Poletto P, Ienczak JL. Hydrothermal pretreatment for the production of prebiotic oligosaccharides from tobacco stem. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129169. [PMID: 37187330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco stem is an abundant and inexpensive renewable source to produce prebiotics by circular economy. In this study, hydrothermal pretreatments were evaluated on the release of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and cello-oligosaccharides (COS) from the tobacco stem by a central composite rotational design associated with response surface methodology to evaluate the effects of temperature (161.72 to 218.3 °C) and solid load (SL) (2.93 to 17.07%). XOS were the main compounds released to the liquor. Desirability function was performed to maximize the production of XOS and minimize the effects of release of monosaccharides and degradation compounds. The result indicated yield of 96% w[XOS]/w[xylan] for 190 °C-2.93% SL. The highest value for COS and total oligomers content (COS + XOS) was 6.42 g/L and 17.7 g/L, respectively, for 190 °C-17.07% SL. The mass balance for the best yield XOS condition predicted 132 kg of XOS (X2-X6) from 1000 kg of tobacco stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel B Santana
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lauren B Soares
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zanella
- Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fellipe da Silva
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Boris U Stambuk
- Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- Bioprocess and Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, School of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alan Ambrosi
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Acácio Zielinski
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Poletto
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Jaciane L Ienczak
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Wen P, Liao H, Zhu J, Xu Y, Zhang J. Production of xylo-oligosaccharides and ethanol from corncob by combined tartaric acid hydrolysis with simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127977. [PMID: 36122845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In organic acid hydrolysis for xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) production, organic acids with low flash points and explosion limits can lead to explosion and fire risk. Herein, tartaric acid (TA) as an organic acid with high flash point and no explosion limit was used in the hydrolysis of corncob to produce XOS. Then, the TA-hydrolyzed corncob was used for ethanol production. In TA hydrolysis of corncob, a 56.4 % XOS yield was obtained from the hydrolysate with the conditions of 170 °C, 60 mM TA and 10 min. Meanwhile, 92.1 % TA was recovered from the hydrolysate by the addition of calcium hydroxide. After simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of TA-hydrolyzed corncob, an 82.4 % ethanol yield was obtained with a solid loading of 25 % (w/v, 250 g/L) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae H06. This research provided a relatively safe, simple, and efficient technology for producing XOS and ethanol from corncob.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junjun Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Increasing the Biogas Potential of Rapeseed Straw Using Pulsed Electric Field Pre-Treatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14248307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high availability of lignocellulosic biomass, which can be obtained from terrestrial plants, agricultural waste biomass, and the agro-food, paper or wood industries, its use for energy production by methane fermentation is economically and environmentally justified. However, due to their complex structures, lignocellulosic substrates have a low conversion factor to biogas. Therefore, scientists are still working on the development of new methods of the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials that will increase the biogas productivity from lignocellulosic biomass. The presented research focuses on the use of a pulsed electric field (PEF) to disintegrate rapeseed straw prior to the methane fermentation process. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that, in the disintegrated sample, the extent of damage to the plant tissue was more severe than in the control sample. In the sample disintegrated for 7 min, the chemical oxygen demand increased from 4146 ± 75 mg/L to 4920 ± 60 mg/L. The best result was achieved with a 5-min PEF pre-treatment. The methane production reached 290.8 ± 12.1 NmL CH4/g VS, and the biogas production was 478.0 ± 27.5 NmL/g VS; it was 14% and 15% higher, respectively, compared to the control sample.
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