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Dumidae A, Subkrasae C, Ardpairin J, Pansri S, Homkaew C, Gordon CN, Mangkit B, Thanwisai A, Vitta A. Assessment of the genetic diversity of lymnaeid (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) snails and their infection status with trematode cercariae in different regions of Thailand. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 119:105576. [PMID: 38408586 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Lymnaeid snails are some of the most widespread snails and are the first intermediate host of trematode parasites that affect human and livestock health. A full understanding of the genetic relationship of hosts and parasites is of paramount importance for effective parasite management. The present study assessed the prevalence of trematode larvae in lymnaeid snails and examined the genetic diversity of these snails collected across Thailand. We collected 672 lymnaeid snails from 39 locations in 22 provinces of six regions in Thailand. Subsequently, cercarial infection in the snails was observed by using the shedding method. Lymnaeid snails released 5 types of trematode cercariae, namely, xiphidiocercariae, echinostome cercariae I, echinostome cercariae II, furcocercous cercariae, and strigea cercariae. The phylogenetic analysis based on ITS2 and 28S rDNA sequences revealed 5 cercaria types assigned to four trematode families, of which two belong to the group of human intestinal flukes. Combination of shell morphology and sequence analysis of the mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA genes, the lymnaeid snails were classified into two species, Radix rubiginosa and Orientogalba viridis. Moreover, the combined dataset of mtDNA genes (COI + 16S rDNA) from R. rubiginosa and O. viridis revealed 32 and 15 different haplotypes, respectively, of which only a few haplotypes were infected with cercariae. The genetic diversity and genetic structure revealed that R. rubiginosa and O. viridis experienced a bottleneck phenomenon, and showed limited gene flow between populations. Population demographic history analyses revealed that R. rubiginosa and O. viridis experienced population reductions followed by recent population expansion. These findings may improve our understanding of parasite-lymnaeid evolutionary relationships, as well as the underlying molecular genetic basis, which is information that can be used for further effective control of the spread of trematode disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakam Dumidae
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Subkrasae
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Jiranun Ardpairin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Supawan Pansri
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Chanatinat Homkaew
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Chadaporn Nuchjangreed Gordon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi Province 20131, Thailand
| | - Bandid Mangkit
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10900
| | - Aunchalee Thanwisai
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Apichat Vitta
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
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Dumidae A, Subkrasae C, Ardpairin J, Pansri S, Homkaew C, Thanwisai A, Vitta A. Genetic variation of the freshwater snail Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Thailand, inferred from 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:93. [PMID: 38212518 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Indoplanorbis exustus, a freshwater pulmonate snail, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical zones and plays a significant role as an intermediate host for trematode parasites. Various genetic markers have been used for species identification and phylogenetic studies of this snail. However, there are limited studies about their molecular genetics based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes. A genetic analysis of I. exustus in Thailand was conducted based on the nuclear 18S rDNA (339 bp) and 28S rDNA (1036 bp) genes. Indoplanorbis snails were collected from 29 localities in 21 provinces covering six regions of Thailand. Nucleotide sequences from 44 snails together with sequences from the GenBank database were examined for phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity. All sequences of the selected nucleotide regions exhibited a high level of similarity (99%) to the sequences of I. exustus in the GenBank database. The maximum likelihood tree based on the 18S and 28S rDNA fragment sequences of I. exustus in Thailand revealed only one group with clear separation from another genus in the family Planorbidae. The I. exustus 28S rDNA sequences showed intraspecific genetic divergence ranging from 0 to 0.78% and were classified into 8 different haplotypes. Conversely, the 18S rDNA data showed lower variation than the 28S rDNA data and revealed a single haplotype and intraspecific distances of zero among all sampled individuals. The haplotype network of 28S rDNA sequences of I. exustus in Thailand revealed six unique haplotypes and two haplotypes shared by at least two regions. Overall, both markers were successful in the identification of I. exustus. However, these markers, particularly the 18S rDNA, may not be suitable for genetic analysis within the species, particularly for population genetic studies, due to their limited variation as seen in this study. In summary, this study not only enhances understanding of genetic variation in I. exustus but is also useful for the selection of molecular markers in future genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhakam Dumidae
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Subkrasae
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Jiranun Ardpairin
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Supawan Pansri
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Chanatinat Homkaew
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Aunchalee Thanwisai
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Apichat Vitta
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology (CEMB), Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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